2018北京各城区高三二模英语分类汇编--七选五

2018

北京各城区高三二模英语分类汇编

--

七选五

【西城二模】

根据短文内容，从短文 后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Bad News for the Highly Intelligent

There are advantages to being smart. People who do well on IQ tests tend to be more successful

in the classroom and the workplace. They also tend to live longer, healthier lives, and are less

likely to experience negative life events.

51 In a study, Ruth Karpinski and her colleagues carried out a study on the members of Mensa, a

high IQ society. The study covered mood (

情绪

) disorders and anxiety disorders. Respondents were

asked to report whether they had ever suffered from each disorder. The researchers compared the

percentage of those who reported disorder to the national average and found that Mensa’s highly

intelligent members were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders.

To explain their findings, Karpinski and his team bring up the hyper brain and hyper body

theory. This theory holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly intelligent is associated

with psychological and physiological “overexcitabilities”, or OE.

52 This can include anything

from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person. According to the theory, OEs are more

common in highly intelligent people. A highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving

comment made by a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn’t occur to someone les

s

intelligent. 53

The results of this study must be interpreted cautiously. Showing that a disorder is more

common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general population doesn’t prove that high

intelligence is the cause of the disorder. 54 All the same, the findings set the stage for

research that promises to cast new light on the link between intelligence and health. One

possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy (

基因

多效性

), which occurs when a gene (

基因

) influences seemingly unrelated characteristics. 55In a 2015

study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer

is mostly explained by genetic factors.

From a practical standpoint, this research may lead to

insights about how to improve people’s psychological and physical well

-being.

A. Now there’s some bad news for those smart people.

B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.

C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.

D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages.

E.

That may cause the body’s stress response, which may make the person even more anxious.

F. It’s also possible that people who join

Mensa differ from other people in ways other than just IQ.

G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and anxiety disorders.

51

．

A

【东城二模】

根据短文内容，从短文 后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

52

．

C

53

．

E

54

．

F

55

．

B

1

/

6

It is sometimes thought that the longing for material goods, the need to buy things, is a

relatively modern invention. 51 Trade or shopping is certainly an ancient desire, and existed

before our ancestors invented writing, laws, cities or farming, even before they used metal to make

tools.

Humans are born to trade. 52 Evidence from hunter-gatherers suggests that the exchange of

food and other necessary things comes naturally, as well as the ability to keep a record of the

credits involved. And once trade begins, the benefits are hard to resist.

Ancient local coastal people in northern Australia traded fish hooks, along a chain of trading

partners, with people living 400 miles inland, who cut and polished local stone to make axes

（斧

子）

. 53 Finally, bot

h groups of“

producer

s”,b

y concentrating on things theycould produceand

exchanging them for other things they needed, benefited as a result.

Trade in the necessities of life, such as food and simple tools, is not really surprising,

considering the link between these basic items and survival. What is surprising, though, is that

our taste forunnecessary expensive objectsalso goes back a long way.

In South Africa, 100,000-year-old decorative dyes

（染料）

have been found in an area where none

were produced. 54 Small round pieces of glass76,000 years old were also found at the same

place. The earliest jewellery known to us were not just random findings

—

they were grouped together

in size and had holes like those used for threading onto a necklace.

Archaeologists argue that trade prepared the way for the complex societies in which we live

today. 55 However, their modern equivalents

—

fast cars and expensive clothes

—

hold the same

attraction for us as “trade goods” did for people 100,000 years ago.

A. And

we don’t need shops or money to do it.

B. These are powerful evidence for cash purchase.

C. In fact, its roots go back to the beginning of humanity.

D. However, first trade began from the exchange of objects.

E. Modern-day shoppers may not be impressed by ancient glass pieces.

F. It is thought that these goods were bought at least 30 kilometres away.

G. Every individual along the chain made a profit,even if he produced neither himself.

51

．

C

52

．

A

53

．

G

54

．

F

55

．

E

【海淀二模】第二节（共

5

小题；每小 题

2

分，共

10

分）

2

/

6

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Sleep and Teens--Biology and Behavior

How much sleep do teens need? And how much sleep are they realistically getting? Based on

current data, most teens need about 9-plus hours to have the best or most suitable sleep night.

51

Many factors combine to decrease sleep in adolescents. We can think in general of two major

factors: biological, the brain processes that regulate the amount and timing of sleep, and behavior,

all the psychological, parental, societal, cultural features of teen

’

s life.

__52 These changes lay the ground work for the biological night to occur later during the

teen years than before. Circadian Rhythms (daily biological clock) seems to slow down as young

people progress through the middle school years. At the same time, the sleep pressure system

appears to change in a way that makes it easier to stay awake longer, though without changing the

amount of sleep that is needed.

Moreover, many teens have a

with 24/7 Internet access, telephones, electronic game stations, MP3 players, and so forth. These

technologies provide instant and constant contact with peers. Societal and media pressure to

consume these technologies is now higher than ever. Yet society also requires that teens go to

school at a time of day that is at odds with their biological and social lives. So we see teens

turn to caffeine, late-night Internet and cramming in activity after activity as a means to keep

awake. _____53 .

Problems emerge for lack of sleep. 54 For some, grades begin to suffer as they struggle to

keep awake during class and while doing homework. And others may simply feel moody, never knowing

how to feel or do their best. Worse still, many teens suffer from both physical and mental illness.

___55 The earlier teens can start this good sleep habit, the easier it will be for them to stay

healthy, happy and smart.

A. Sleep experts recommend teens keep consistent sleep and wake schedule

B. Teens may schedule sleep like any other daily activity and make sleep a priority

C. Then they are trapped into a terrible situation where they would never get enough sleep

D. The sleep- wake bio-regulatory factors appear to change significantly during adolescence

E. Some teenagers struggle to wake up in the morning, often resulting in late or missed school

3

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6