-
段落翻译：
上册
Unit1
1.
从前网络只是计算机
爱好者的游乐场，而现在他拥有任何一个你能想象得到的使用群体：学龄儿童，爱调情的单身，
< br>美籍匈牙利人，会计。
Formerly a
playground for computer fans, cyberspace now
embraces every conceivable constituency that you
can image:
schoolchildren, flirtatious
singles, Hungarian-Americans, accountants.
2.
首先要理解什么是网络。
In first order of business is to grasp
what cyberspace is.
3.
同样的，你可
以把网络想象成一个巨大的无边无界的虚拟的地产世界。
In
the same way, you could think of cyberspace as a
giant and unbounded world of virtual real estate.
4.
良好市民迫不及待的得出结论：最好管管它。
Good citizens jump to a
conclusion: Better regulate it.
5.
不错，
规章制度应该在社区内得以实施，
但这些规
章制度必须由网络空间内各个社区自己来制定，
而不是由法庭或华
盛顿的政客们来制定。
Yes, community
standards should be enforced, but those standards
should be set by cyberspace communities
themselves, not by
the courts or by
politicians in Washington.
6.
首先，有私人电子邮件交流，和你通过电话进行的交流类似。
First, there are private e-mail
conversations, similar to the conversations you
have over the telephone.
7.
其
次，
有信息和娱乐服务，
人们可以从中下载各种东西，
从法律文件和
“大型新饭店”
名单，
到游戏软件或下流图片。
Second,
there are information and entertainment services,
where people can download anything from legal
texts and lists of
“
great
new restaurants
”
to game
software or dirty pictures.
8.
第三，有“真正的”社区——在内部互相交流的群体。用地产术语来说，他们就像酒吧、或饭店或澡堂。
Third, there are
“
real
”
communities-groups of people who communicate among
themselves. In real-estate terms,
they
’
re like
bars
or restaurants or bathhouses.
9.
网络社区的发展和地上社区一样：有着共同兴趣的人联合到一起。
Cyberspace communities evolve just the
way terrestrial communities do: people with like-
minded interests band together.
10.
网络的独特之处是它允许任何规模以及任何种类的社区繁荣兴旺。
What
’
s unique
about cyberspace is that it allows communities of
any size and kind to flourish.
11.
同样，如果父母不喜欢某一社区的准则，他们可以限制孩子进入该社区。
Likewise, if parents
don
’
t like the rules of a
given cyberspace community, they can restrict
their children
’
s access to
it.
12.
地球村是一个美好的梦想但却无法管理，取而代
之的是我们将来会创造另一个有独立社区组成的社会，这些社区满
足自己成员的喜好，对
他人毫不干扰。
Instead of a global
village, which is a nice dream but impossible to
manage, we
’
ll have invented
another world of
self-contained
communities that cater to their own
members
’
inclinations
without interfering with anyone
else
’
s.
13.
网络参与者自己针对有问题的内容制定一个方案，以便人们或自动过滤器能够避开它们，这样做是切实
可行的。
It makes sense for
cyberspace participants themselves to agree on a
scheme for questionable items, so that people or
automatic
filters can avoid them.
14.
人们的品味和价值观不同，能在网络上找到适合它们的不同的服务，
就像选书和杂志一样。
People differ in
their tastes and values and can find services on
the Net that suit them in the same way they select
books and
magazines.
15.
长大意味着知道没有完美答案，没有万全之策，没有政府批准的保护伞。
Growing up means understanding that
there are no perfect answers, no all-purpose
solutions, no government-sanctioned safe
havens.
课后翻译：
The possibility of a real market-style
evolution of governance is at hand .In cyberspace
,we'll be able to test and evolve rules
governing what needs to be governed
--intellectual property ,content and access
control , rules about privacy and free
speech .Some communities will allow
anyone in others will restrict access to members
who qualify on one basis or
another
.Those communities that prove self-sustaining will
prosper (and perhaps grow and split into subsets
with
ever-more-particular interests and
identities ) Those that can't survive --either
because people lose interest
or get scared off
--will
simply wither away .
一种真正的市场型管理模式很快成为可能
。在信息空间，我们将能够检验并完善所需要的管理制度——知识产权制度、
服务内容与
使用权的控制制度、个人隐私权与自由言论制度等。有些群体允许任何人加入，而有些则只允许符合这样
或那样条件的人加入。
能够自立的群体会兴旺发展
(
或许也会因为志趣与身份日趋特殊，
而发展成为几个分支<
/p>
)
。
有些群
体或
因为成员失去兴趣，或因为成员被吓跑而不能幸存下来，它们将渐渐萎缩消亡。
Unit 2
1.
在我本人的研究中，
女性对丈夫的抱怨大多不是集中在一些实际的不平等现象，
例如为了跟随丈夫的事业而放弃了发
展自己事业的机会，或者她
们所承担的日常生活琐事远远超过她们份内的部分。
In
my own research, complaints from women about their
husbands most often focused not on tangible
inequities such as having
giving up the
chance for a career to accompany a husband to his,
or doing far more than their share of daily life.
2.
我发现多数做妻子的都期望丈夫首先是自己的交谈伙伴，但
是很少有丈夫对妻子抱有同样的期望。
I found
that most wives want their husbands to be, first
and foremost, conversational partners, but few
husbands share this
expectation of
their wives.
3.
斯坦福大学的埃莉诺
·
麦科比在
1990
年
4
月《美国心理学家》刊物上发表了她自己和他人研究的结果，
表明儿童的发
展主要受同龄伙伴交往过程中社交结构的影响。
In the April 1990 issue of American
Psychologist, Stanford
University
’
s Eleanor Maccoby
reports the results of her own and
others
’
research
showing that children
’
s
development is most influenced by the social
structure of peer interactions.
4.
男孩间的关系可能和女孩间的一样紧密，
但男孩间的关系与其说建立在交谈
基础上，
不如说建立在共同做事情的基础
上。
< br>
Bonds between boys can be as
intense as girls
’
, but they
are based less on talking, more on doing things
together.
5.
一旦问题得到理解，情况自然有所改
善。
Once the problem is
understood, improvement comes naturally.
6.
如果丈夫不适应，妻子仍然能够得到安慰，因为她知道，对男人来说，这不是不
亲密的表现。
But if their husbands
don
’
t adapt, the women may
still be comforted that for men, this is not a
failure of intimacy.
课后翻译：
Once the problem is understood,
improvement comes naturally. Women who feel
abandoned and deprived when their husbands
will not listen to or report daily news
may be happy to discover their husbands trying to
adapt once they understand the place of
small talk in women's relationships.
But if their husbands do not adapt, the women may
be still be comforted that for men, this
is just not a failure of intimacy.
Accepting the difference, the wives may look to
their friends or family for that kind of talk. And
husbands who cannot provide it should
not feel their wives have made unreasonable
demands. Some couples will still decide to
divorce, but at least their decisions
will be based on realistic expectations.
一旦问题得到理解，情况自然有所改善。那些通常因丈夫不倾听或不谈论每天发生的事情而感到被遗弃、感到 丧失生
活乐趣的女性会高兴地发现，她们的丈夫一旦知道了不起眼的谈话在女性关系中的
地位后，正努力地在适应。如果丈
夫不适应，妻子仍然能够得到安慰，因为她知道，对男
人来说，这不是不亲密的表现。当妻子接受了男女存在区别这
一事实后，便会去找自己的
朋友或家人说一说话。那些不能够给予妻子谈话快乐的丈夫，也不应该觉得妻子提出了无
理要求。仍然会有一些夫妻决定离婚，但起码他们的决定是建立在比较现实的期望基础上的。
Unit 4
1.
十六世纪中叶，说英语的人有四
百万到五百万之间，在欧洲语言中排第五位，排在英语前面的依次是法语，德语，
意大利
语和西班牙语，紧排其后的是俄语。
In the
middle of the sixteenth century, English was
spoken by between four and five millions of
people, and stood fifth among
the
European languages, with French, German, Italian,
and Spanish ahead of it in that order, and Russian
following.
2.
除了英语是其母语的人之外，<
/p>
还有一些人，
虽然母语是其它语言，但生活在英语社会里，
他们在日常事务中使用英
语。
Besides those to whom English is their
native tongue, there are people who, though born
to some other language, live in
English-speaking communities and speak
English in their daily business.
3.
奥格登博士建议去掉英语中的大量动词
--
其
中一些是不规则动词，因而难以掌握
--
用这样的复合词加以取
代。
Dr. Ogden proposes to rid
the language of a great many verbs-some of them
irregular, and hence difficult-by substituting
such
compounds for them.
4.
有数以百计的美语在英国的日常生活中被使用，有些已被英国人所熟知，以至于当被质问
为什么使用美语时，他们
会争辩说这些本来就是英国英语。
There are hundreds of them in daily use
in England, and many have become so familiar that
an Englishman, on being
challenged for
using them, will commonly argue that they are
actually English.
课后翻译：
The flow of novelties in vocabulary, in
idiom, even in pronunciation, is now
overwhelmingly eastward. We seldom borrow an
English word or phrase any more, though
we used to borrow many; but the English take in
our inventions almost as fast as we
can
launch them. The American movie, I suppose, is
largely responsible for this change, but there are
unquestionably deeper
causes too.
English is still a bit tight, a bit stiff, more
than a little artificial. But American has gone on
developing with almost
Elizabethan
prodigality. All the processes of word-formation
that were in operation in
Shakespeare
’
s England are
still in
operation here, and they
produce a steady stream of neologisms that he
would have relished as joyfully as he relished the
novelties actually produced in his
time.
新词汇、新习语、甚至新发音都以无法抗拒的势力源源不断
(
从美国
)
向东传入（英国）
。从前我们常常借用很多英语词
或短语，但现在很少这样做。但
英语却吸纳我们创造的词，我们创造有多快，其吸纳的速度几乎就有多快。我认为，
美国
电影固然对这一变化起了很大作用，但毫无疑问，还有更深刻的原因。英语仍然有点太严格、有点僵硬，且过于<
/p>
矫揉造作。但美国英语仍在继续发展，像伊丽莎白时代一样繁荣。所有那些在英国莎士比亚
时代应用的构词方法，现
在依然在美国应用着，新词源源不断地产生。如果莎翁健在，这
些新词一定会使他欣喜若狂，就像他所生活的时代产
生的新词曾使他欣喜若狂一样。
Unit 7
1.
< br>唉，混乱是宇宙万物的自然规律。甚至还有一个精确的测量混乱度的单位，叫做
“
熵
”
。熵不同于任何其它物理性质
（运动，引力，能）
，它不能双向转换。熵只能增加。熵一旦形成，
就决不会被毁掉。通往混乱的路是一条单行道。
Disorder, alas, is the natural order of
things in the universe. There is even a precise
measure of the amount of disorder, called
entropy. Unlike almost every other
physical property (motion, gravity, energy),
entropy does not work both ways. It can only
increase. Once
it
’
s created it can never be
destroyed. The road to disorder is a one-way
street.
2.
就在这同一天，我的车又坏了，电冰箱不制冷了；而且我还得知我的右后臼齿牙根管需要镶补。
On the same day my car
broke down
again
(
又坏了
), my
refrigerator
conked out
(
罢工了
), and I
__
conked out
__
(
得知
) that
I
needed root canal work in my
_right
rear tooth__
_
(
右后牙
).
3.
如果我们突然看到油漆又跃回旧楼房的墙面，我们准会感到有问题。如果我们看到一个鸡蛋自己拼凑在一
起又跳回
蛋壳，我们准会开怀大笑，就像看一组倒放的电影镜头那样。
< br>
If we were suddenly to see the
paint jump back on an old building, we would know
that something was wrong. If we saw an
egg unscramble itself and jump back
into its shell, we would laugh in the same way we
laugh at a movie run backward
4.
婚姻中很容易出现熵，当伴侣们过于忙于自己的事而忽视了弥补小小裂痕时，几乎可以肯定他们的婚姻
要破裂。
It is easy to see
entropy in marriages, when the partners are too
preoccupied to patch small things up, almost
guaranteeing that
they will fall apart.
5.
这个分子在任何一点上朝冰箱方向运动的概率都正好是<
/p>
50
％；
它朝背离冰箱方向运动的概率也
是
50
％。
但是如果数
十亿个冷热空气分子混合在一起，那么所有冷空气分子朝冰箱方向运动，同时所有热空气分子背离冰箱运
动的概率实
际上是零。
The
chances that it will wander in the direction of my
refrigerator at any point are exactly 50-50. The
chances that it will
wander away from
my refrigerator are also 50-50. But take billions
of warm and cold molecules mixed together, and the
chances that all the cold ones will
wander toward the refrigerator and all the warm
ones will wander away from it are virtually
nil.
6.
如果在厨房里只有十
几个的空气分子，那么我等上一年左右，或许在某个时刻
6
个最
冷的分子会聚集在冰箱里。但
是，这一等式中的变量越多、参加这一游戏的角色越多，那
么他们的路径井然有序地相互吻合的可能性就越小。
If
there were only _
a dozen or
so
(
一打左右
)
molecules in my kitchen, it would be likely
---
_if I waited a year or
so_
(
如果
我等上一年左右
) ---
that
at some point
(
在某一刻
) the six coldest ones
would congregate inside the freezer. But the more
factors in the
equation
—
the more players in
the game
—
the less likely it
is that their paths will
coincide
in an orderly way.
Unit 9
1.
当
Stan
相信他已经最终战胜了毒瘾时，有一次他在洗车，看到一小瓶可卡因
从脚垫底下滚出来，这是以前剩下的。
“
仅仅是看到它就使我很
兴奋，
”
他回忆说。
“
我把它揣到兜里。我当时想，我带着它，抵制它的诱惑，这样会使我变得
更坚强
。但是我的脑子一刻都没有离开过那个小瓶子。
”