步进电机英文文献及翻译1400词汇

Knowledge of the stepper motor

What is a stepper motor

：

Stepper

motor

is

a

kind

of

electrical

pulses

into

angular

displacement

of

the

implementing

agency.

Popular

little

lesson:

When

the

driver

receives

a

step

pulse

signal, it will drive a stepper motor to set the direction of rotation at a fixed angle (and

the

step

angle).

You

can

control

the

number

of

pulses

to

control

the

angular

displacement, so as to achieve accurate positioning purposes; the same time you can

control

the

pulse

frequency

to

control

the

motor

rotation

speed

and

acceleration,

to

achieve speed control purposes.

What kinds of stepper motor sub-

：

In three stepper motors: permanent magnet (PM), reactive (VR) and hybrid (HB)

permanent

magnet

stepper usually two- phase, torque, and smaller, step angle of 7.5

degrees or the general 15 degrees; reaction step is generally three-phase, can achieve

high torque output, step angle of 1.5 degrees is generally, but the noise and vibration

are large. 80 countries in Europe and America have been eliminated; hybrid stepper is

a mix of permanent magnet and reactive advantages. It consists of two phases and the

five-phase:

two- phase

step

angle

of

1.8

degrees

while

the

general

five-phase

step

angle of 0.72 degrees generally. The most widely used Stepper Motor.

What is to keep the torque (HOLDING TORQUE)

How much precision stepper motor? Whether the cumulative

：

The general accuracy of the stepper motor step angle of 3-5%, and not cumulative.

Stepper motor to allow the minimum amount of surface temperature

Stepper motor to allow the minimum amount of surface temperature

：

Stepper

motor

causes

the

motor

temperature

is

too

high

the

first

magnetic

demagnetization, resulting in loss of torque down even further, so the motor surface

temperature

should

be

the

maximum

allowed

depending

on

the

motor

demagnetization

of

magnetic

material

points;

Generally

speaking,

the

magnetic

demagnetization points are above 130 degrees Celsius, and some even as high as 200

degrees Celsius, so the stepper motor surface temperature of 80-90 degrees Celsius is

normal.

How to determine the stepper motor driver DC power supply

：

A. Determination of the voltage

Hybrid stepping motor driver power supply voltage is generally a wide range (such as

the IM483 supply voltage of 12 ~ 48VDC), the supply voltage is usually based on the

work of the motor speed and response to the request to choose. If the motor operating

speed higher or faster response to the request, then the voltage value is high, but note

that the ripple voltage can not exceed the maximum input voltage of the drive, or it

may damage the drive.

B. Determination of Current

Power

supply

current

is

generally

based

on

the

output

phase

current

drive

I

to

determine. If a linear power supply, power supply current is generally preferable 1.1

to 1.3 times the I; if we adopt the switching power supply, power supply current is

generally preferable to I, 1.5 to 2.0 times.

The main characteristics of stepping motor

：

A stepper motor drive can be added operate pulse drive signal must be no pulse

when the stepper motor at rest, such as

If adding the appropriate pulse signal, it will to a certain angle (called the step angle)

rotation. Rotation speed and pulse frequency is proportional to.

2

Dragon

step

angle

stepper

motor

version

is

7.5

degrees,

360

degrees

around,

takes 48 pulses to complete.

3 stepper motor has instant start and rapid cessation of superior characteristics.

Change the pulse of the order of 4, you can easily change the direction of rotation.

Therefore, the current

printers,

plotters,

robotics, and so devices are the core of the

stepper motor as the driving force.

Stepper motor control example

We

use

four-phase

unipolar

stepper

motor

as

an

example.

The

structure

shown

in

Figure 1:

Four four-phase winding leads (as opposed to phase A1 A2 B1 phase phase B2)

and

two

public

lines

(to

the

power

of

positive).

The

windings

of

one

phase

to

the

power

of

the

ground.

So

that

the

windings

will

be

inspired.

We

use

four-phase

eight-beat

control,

ie,

1

phase

2

phase

alternating

turn,

would

enhance

resolution.

0.9 °

per step can be transferred to control the motor excitation is transferred in order

as follows:

If

the

requirements

of

motor

reversal,

the

transmission

excitation

signal

can

be

reversed. 2 control scheme

Control system block diagram is as follows

The program uses AT89S51 as the main control device. It is compatible with the

AT89C51, but also increased the SPI interface and the watchdog module, which not

only

makes

the

debugging

process

becomes

easy

and

also

more

stable.

The

microcontroller in the program mainly for field signal acquisition and operation of the

stepper motor to calculate the direction and speed information. Then sent to the CPLD.

CPLD with EPM7128SLC84-15, EPM7128 programmable logic device of large-scale,

for the ALTERA company's MAX7000 family. High impedance, electrically erasable

and other characteristics, can be used for the 2500 unit, the working voltage of +5 V

.

CPLD

receives

information

sent

from

the

microcontroller

after

converted

to

the

corresponding control signal output to the stepper motor drive. Put the control signal

drives the motor windings after the input, to achieve effective control

of the motor.

2.1 The hardware structure of the motor drive

Motor drive using the following circuit:

R1-

R8 in which the resistance value of 320Ω. R9

-

R12 resistance value 2.2KΩ.

Q1-Q4

as

Darlington

D401A,

Q5-Q8

for

the

S8550.

J1,

J2

and

the

stepper

motor

connected to the six- lead

。

Advantages and disadvantages of stepper motor

Advantages

1. The motor rotation angle is proportional to the number of pulses;

2. When the motor stopped with a maximum torque (when the winding excitation

time);

3. Since the accuracy of each step in the three per cent to five per cent, and the

error will not accumulate to the next step and thus has better positional accuracy and

repeatability of movement;

4. Excellent response from the stop and reverse;

5. In the absence of brush, high reliability, it just depends on the life of the motor

bearing life;

6. Motor response only determined by the number of input pulses, which can be

used open loop control, which makes the motor and control structure can be relatively

simple

System cost

7.

Just

load

directly

connected

to

the

motor

shaft

can

also

be

extremely

slow

synchronous rotation.

8. Speed is proportional to the pulse frequency, and thus a relatively wide speed

range.

Shortcomings

1. If not properly controlled prone to resonance;

2. Difficult operation to a higher speed.

3. Difficult to obtain high torque

4. There is no advantage in terms of volume weight, low energy efficiency.

5.

Over

load

will

destroy

the

synchronization,

the

work

will

be

issued

when

high- speed vibration and noise.

Stepper motor drive requirements

(1)

to

provide

fast

rise

and

fall

of

current

speed,

the

current

waveform

as

close

as

possible rectangle.

For the period ended with the release of the loop current flow, to reduce the winding

ends of the back electromotive force, to accelerate the current decay.

(2) rhyme with higher power and efficiency.

Stepper

motor

driver,

which

is

the

control

pulse

signal

emitted

into

the

angular

displacement of the stepper motor, or:

the control

system sends a pulse

signal

each

through the stepper motor drive to rotate a step angle. That is the stepper motor speed

is

proportional

to

the

frequency

and

pulse

signals.

Therefore,

the

frequency

control

pulse signal, to be precise motor speed control; control the number of step pulses to