集成电路的发展现状与趋势英文版

The present situation and developing tendency of

integrated circuit

Liu Chen

Lang Fang Teacher

’

s University

Mathematics and Information Science College

Information Engineering

Abstract

:

The

thesis

demonstrates

the

current

technology

of

IC

industry

and

the

influence of IC to the world, and it also discusses the problems IC has encountered and

the

corresponding

solutions.

According

to

the

problems

and

solutions,

I

synthetically

expound the tendency of IC in size, material and technology. At the end of the thesis, I

conclude the current situation of IC and express my expectation of future development of

IC.

Key Words

:

integrated circuit, current situation, and tendency

Ⅰ

. Introduction

Integrated circuit and software are the basis and center of economic development in

the information society. Nowadays, information industry based on

integrated circuit has

exceeded

the

traditional

industry

which

is

represented

by

car,

petroleum

and

steel.

Therefore, IC industry has become the powerful tool to transform the traditional industry

and move towards the digital times. IC is the leading industry of the national economy and

social

development.

It

has

very

strong

innovation

and

integration,

and

has

already

penetrated

into

daily

life,

production

and

all

aspects

of

national

defense

security.

The

world's

major

countries

and

regions

have

regarded

the

development

of

the

integrated

circuit industry as an important means to enhance the comprehensive national strength,

economic

development

and

national

security.

As

the

focus

of

today's

world

economic

competition,

integrated

circuit

with

independent

intellectual

property

rights

has

become

the lifeblood of economic development and international competition.

Ⅱ

. The current situation of the overseas development of IC

1. The development of IC

In

the

first

half

of

the

twenty-first

century,

the

mainstream

of

microelectronic

technology is silicon CMOS technology whose size is shrinking. The development of IC

technology in today

’

s world has entered into the nanometer era, and continues to develop

depth. Today, 45nm technologies have entered the practical stage; and the development

of 32nm and 22nm technology has also made gratifying achievements. In addition, the

key

technology

in

IC

technology

–

immersion

lithography

and

extreme

ultraviolet

lithography

has

used

45nm

chip

lithography;

what

’

s

more,

neon

imprint

lithography

technology has also made progress. Long term of investment in scientific research makes

people understand the IC process thoroughly. This is the precious wealth of knowledge.

In 2006, the minimum feature size of system on chip integrated chip reached 0.09

μ

m, the integration of chip reached 200000000 transistors, the chip had the area of 520 mm,

metal wire of 7 ~ 8 layers, pin number 4000, a voltage of 0.9 ~ 1.2 V, operating frequency

of 2 ~ 2.5 GHz, the power of 160 watts. By 2010, it had increased to 0.07

μ

m. Silicon IC

wafer

’

s diameter had turned to more than 400nm in 2006 ~ 2010.

From

the

1990s

to

now,

communication

and

computer

occupy

the

2/3

demand

of

world

semiconductor.

Among

them,

the

communication

growing

is

the

fastest.

Information technology is changing and influencing our life. Information

technology has

improved

the

entrepreneurial

competitiveness

and

become

a

new

driving

force

for

the

growth of the world economy. The development of IC industry is the results of the prompt

of market and technology. The fundamental vitality IC lies in its high volume, low cost and

high reliable production.

With

the

development

of

science

and

technology,

IC

’

s

share

in

the

electronic

product sales increases year by year. At present, the application of an integrated circuit in

a

complete

machine,

computer

is

the

first,

communication

is

the

second,

third

is

the

consumer

electronics.

In

order

to

complete

system

on

a

chip,

there

will

be

various

compatible technologies in the future.

At present, USA, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan are the leaders of IC industry in

today's world, and USA, Japan and European countries occupy the upper industrial chain

and master the design, production, equipment and other core technologies. As the market

demanding for product information increases, especially for the communication, computer

and the Internet, electronic commerce, digital audio- visual and other electronic products,

the world IC market will be in a high- speed growth.

In next few years, integrated

circuit technology will move

towards the

directions

of

law

than

Moore

Moore's

law

will

continue

to

promote

the

technology and product upgrading through narrowing size of the features after 28nm, and

its representative products are processor, memory and logic devices.

‘

More than Moore's

law

achieves

the

combination

of

integration

functions

and

diversity

of

product

mainly

through various 3D package, system in package and other means, and its representative

products are analog, power device, sensor and so on.

2. Effect of integrated circuit development in the world

Information

technology

improves

the

competitiveness

of

enterprises.

At

the

same

time; it has become a new driving force for the growth of the world economy. Beginning at

the

end

of

80s,

personal computer becomes

a

strong

force of semiconductor

demand.

So

far,

PC

has

still

driven

the

demand

of

these

misconduct

and

product.

In

2004,

the

Asia- Pacific

region

became

the

world's

largest

semiconductor

market,

and

the

main

driving force is the growth of domestic demand and the rapid growth in China which are

the world's place of production. Production of electronic terminal product will continue to

transfer from Japan and other parts of Asia to China.

Over the years, the IC industry has developed 3 -- 4 times faster than the growth rate

of the national economy, and new technology and new products continue to emerge. At

present, integrated circuit production has entered into the nanometer era. In the world, a

plurality of 90nm, 12 inch production lines are used into large-scale production, production

technology has been basically formed based on the 70-65nm level line. At present, the

number of the monolithic integrated circuit chip of the world's highest level has reached

about 8,000,000,000.

Integrated

circuit products are characterized

by the

monopoly of the

Multi-National

Corporation

in

the

global

industrial

organization.

Therefore

only

with

highly

international market being the basis, the enterprises can gain advantage of economies of

scale

in

production

and

sales,

the

global

market

expansion

and

research

and

development are also complementary to each other.

Ⅲ

. Development status of domestic integrated circuit

3.1 The development of integrated circuits

China has gained rapid development in the integrated circuit industry in recent years,

and the competitiveness of ascendant enterprises started to appear. In recent years, IC

production lines in Chinese mainland increased rapidly, and increased by 16 in the period

of

‘

the 10th Five-Year Plan

’

and 20 in

‘

the 11th Five-Year Plan

’

.

The ratio of lines

in large size was also rising. At present, there are nearly 50 chip manufacturing factories

in

the

mainland,

and

there

are

seven

enterprises

with

200mm

and

300mm

pure

chip

foundry.

In 2000-2012, Chinese IC industry and market got a fast development. The scale of

the market tripled, and increased from 97,500,000,000 Yuan to 855,900,000,000 Yuan. Its

growth

is

in

the

forefront

in

the

world's

major

countries

and

regions.

Since

2008,

the

designing process with high technology and advanced industry is developing rapidly, its

proportion in the entire industry rose from less than 10% to 28% in 2012.

At present, the IC industry in our country has formed a coordinated pattern including

design,

chip

manufacturing

and

packaging

and

testing

industry.

The

industrial

zone

including

The Yangtze

River Delta, the

Beijing-Tianjin

region

and

the

Pearl River Delta

appeared. Driven by 3G network communication, digital home and flat-panel TV and other

fields, Chinese IC market will maintain rapid growth. According to the plan of Ministry of

information

industry,

the

size

of

sales

of

the

semiconductor

industry

in

our

country

will

reach

3

Yuan,

and

we

can

occupy

8%

of

the

world

market,

China

will

become one of the most important bases of manufacturing integrated circuit in the world.

After 30

years of development, Chinese

IC testing industry develops from small to

large, from hardware development and software development to integrated system, from

imitation to independence, and has formed a pattern which gives priority to professional

institution

and

testing

group

and

locates

in

top

university,

central

and

local

research

institutions.

Although Chinese IC industry are not rich from both the quality and quantity, with the

global industry shifting to eastern area, Chinese economy grow steadily, market demand

is huge, and all kinds of talents are abundant and natural resources are rich, we can infer

that Chinese IC industry, having all the advantages in a situation, will rise to become the

world's new IC manufacturing center.

3.2 The problems when developing IC

IC production lines in mainland increased rapidly, but the major subject of investment

is

foreign

transferring

production

line

or

Sino

foreign

joint

venture

cooperation,

not

the

state- owned holding. Strategic Support involving national security is missing. There are

problems in the coordination of various sectors of the industry chain; the major obstacle

refers to the loss of a reasonable layout in the layout of various sectors of the industry

chain.