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饮食
一、记忆力训练练习
1
．
Many non-Italians identify
Italian cooking with a few of its most
popular dishes,
like pizza and
spaghetti. People often express the opinion that
Italian cooking is all
pretty
much
alike.
However,
those
who
travel
through
Italy
notice
differences
in
eating habits between
cities, even those only a few miles apart. Not
only does each
region have its own
style, but each community and each valley has a
different way
of cooking as well.
2
．
世界的
饮食由于地理位置、风俗习惯、物产等的不同，形成了各异的风格。
有
< br>人把世界菜系分为三大类，是指：中国菜系，包括中国、朝鲜、日本、东南亚
若干
国家及南亚一些国家，
以中餐为代表，
这是世界人口最多的一个
菜系。
法
国菜系：
包括欧洲、
美洲、
大洋洲等许多国家，
占地面积最大，
以西餐为主体。
土耳其菜系：又称清真菜系，包括中亚、西亚、南亚
及非洲一些国家。
二、笔记训练
1
．
Food
is
one
of
the
things
we
need
for
survival,
but
it
is
also
something
that
has
become a
part of many American traditions. We have those
certain foods we eat on
holidays
and
many
geographical
locations
are
known
for
certain
foods. Not
only
that, but fast food was
started in America. America is a melting pot of
cultures and
their foods.
2
．
粤菜的
形成和发展有着悠久的历史。
由于广州地处珠江三角洲，
水陆交
通四通
八达，所以很早便是岭南政治、经济、文化中心，饮食文化比较发达。并且由
于广东是我国最早对外通商的口岸之一，
在长期与西方国家经济往来
和文化交
流中，吸收了一些西菜的烹调方法，促进了粤菜的形成和发展。
三、口译练习
1
．
中餐大
多是先上冷盘、
饮料及酒，
后上热菜，
然后上主食，
最后上甜点和水果。
A
typical Chinese banquet starts with cold dishes,
and beverages and drinks, followed
by
hot dishes and main courses. Desserts and fruits
are served as the last course.
2
．
四川菜
的辣是世界有名的，辣椒、胡椒、姜是川菜烹调中不可缺少的原料。
Sichuan
cuisine
is
world-
famous
for
its
hot,
spicy
dishes.
Hot
chili,
pepper
and
ginger are the ever-present
ingredients.
3
．
北京菜
种类繁多，
它要求刀功好、
香味浓、
配
料精。
Beijing cuisine has a great deal
of
variety
and
emphasizes
fine
slicing
techniques,
rich
aroma
and
sophisticated
seasonings.
4
．
中国的素菜起源于佛教寺庙，主要以豆类和豆制品为主．
Veget
arian
food
in
China
originated
in
Buddhist
temples
and
consists
mainly
of
beans,
and
bean
products.
5
．
在做菜
时，一定要注意火候，这样，一道菜才能够色、香、味、形惧全。
Great
attention is paid to the exact degree
of heat while cooking so that color, taste, smell
and appearance of the dish are all at
their best.
6
．
我国悠
久的历史、
广袤的国土、
与世界各国和海外文化的广泛接触，<
/p>
孕育了中
餐烹饪的独特艺术。
China
’s
long
history,
vast
territory
and
extensive
contact with other nations and cultures
have given birth to the distinctive
Chinese culinary art.
7
．
白酒一般是由高粱和小麦酿成，
酒精度数较高。
在众多中国产的白酒里，
茅台
酒是首屈一指的。
Liquor is usually brewed from sorghum and wheat, and
has a high degree of
alcohol. Among the great number of famous spirits
produced in China, Maotain ranks
first.
8
．
宫保鸡
丁、铁板牛柳和鱼香肉丝是最受外国人欢迎的三道中国菜。
9
．
中国的
烹调主要分四大菜系，它们是：黄河流域的鲁菜，
长江上游的川菜，
长
江中下游和华东沿海一带的江浙菜以及珠江流域、南方沿海一带的粤菜。
Chinese
cuisine
falls
into
four
major
categories,
Shangdong
cuisine
along
the
Yellow
River valley, Sichuan cuisine along the upper
reaches of the Ynagtze River,
Jiangsu-
Zhejiang cuisine along the middle and lower
reaches of the Yangtze River
and
China’s south
-east coast; and Guangdibg
cuisine along the Pearl River valley
and China’s south coast.
10
．
<
/p>
在中国，
南方人的主食是米饭，
北方人的
主食是面或馒头。
The staple food
is
rice for southerners and noodle or steamed bread
for northerners in China.
11
．
Caviar,
artichokes,
snails
and
asparagus
are
considered
high-class
food
in
French
cooking.
鱼子酱、
朝鲜蓟、
蜗牛和芦笋在法国菜中被公认为是高档食物。
12
．
At
Thanksgiving
and
Christmas,
many
of
us
look
forward
to
turkey,
ham,
stuffing,
mashed
potatoes,
cranberry
sauce,
collard
greens,
cornbread
and
casseroles galore.
在感恩节和圣诞节，
我们许多人期待吃到火鸡、
火
腿、
馅饼、
土豆泥、红梅酱、羽衣甘蓝、玉米砂锅。
13
．
Almost
everything
that
is
served
at
a
cocktail
party
or
during
a
pre-meal
cocktail hour is intended to be eaten
with the fingers. This includes olives, pickles,
nuts, deviled eggs, and chips.
< br>在鸡尾酒会上或正餐前的鸡尾会上提供的食物几
乎都可以用手取着吃。这些食物有
橄榄、酱菜、坚果、魔蛋和薯片。
14
．
Italian
cooking
is
famous
the
world
over.
Everyone
has
heard
of
spaghetti,
pizza, macaroni
and then there are Italian wines such as Chianti.
Pasta is the most
common Italian food.
There are many different varieties served with
many kinds of
sauces.
意大利菜闻名世界。人人都听说过意大利面
< br>、比萨、通心粉，还有意
大利葡萄酒如基安蒂红葡萄酒。面食是意大利主食，有各
种用料不同的种类。
15
．
Italy's climate is very suitable for
growing tomatoes quickly and cheaply, so
tomatoes are a common ingredient of
everyday meals cooked by Italians. Tomato
sauce
is
a
common
base
for
Italian
recipes.
意大利的气候非常适合西红柿的种
植，
生长快且成本低，
因此西红柿是意大利菜中常用的佐料。
西红柿酱是意大
利菜谱中的常用配料。