-
生命科学类
时间
涉及话题
1
、昆虫
蚂
蚁生存
5000
万年
的原因
Predatory eusocial insect/
predator/
specialization/cooperation/forage for
food/
defend the nest/nest
intruder/larva/labor category
/caste/termite /solitary ant
Pheromones(chemical signals)/fire ant/
aggregation/solitary
ant/colony odor/
identify
intruder/colony integrity/alarm pheromone/
scurry/mark its trails/
ergate /soldier/queen ant
Forage/lay a
trail/migration/stinger to/
trail pheromone/leafcutter/evaporate
pheromone/receptor/antenna
Honey bee/Worker
bee/Social/Scout/Scent/Pollen
dance
Variety / Category / Diversity
Richness / Distribution
Tropical and temperate
regions
2
、鸟类
02-10
始祖鸟
Flying
vertebrate/reptile/pterosaur/lizard/fossile/
wingspan/ancestor/quarry/link between
dinosaur and
bird
Aviculturi
st/incubation/parrot/temperature/
humidity/gradient/hatch/evaporate/artificia
l
incubation/laboratory
cond
ition/viability/survivability/insulator
Molt / Feather / Wear out
Outermost / Innermost
Deception
strategy/ground-
nesting/trick/predator/several ploy/
emit/mimic/incubate/broken-wing
display/flop
Nesting on
cliff/mate/lay/rear/raven/predator
/relaxation of the defence
/gull/kittiwake
Migrate/Predict/Artificial sun/Real
sun/Guide/Star/Inner clock
Twitter/Parents/Predator/Higher
frequency/Gene
3
、水生动物
浮游生物繁盛期与
石油
Mesozoic ear/Cretaceous
peri
od/plankton/float/precipitate/silica/
Calcium
carbonate/sediment/d
eposit/accumulate/remain/calciu
核心词汇
01-10
02-05
蚂蚁信息素
03-10
06-06-24
06-12-03
00-10-3
蚂蚁间交流
蜜蜂沟通
蝴蝶多样性
00-01
人工孵化
01-05
鸟类换毛
01-08
鸟类欺骗战术
03-01
07-1-13
06-12-8
鸟类在岩壁上筑巢
鸟类迁徙
鸟的鸣叫
03-01
m
carbonate-secreting/amass/prolific/bury/petroleum
Wetland region/needlelike
teeth/snout/slender/
alligator gar/adept/fast sideways snap/
jaw/stealthy
approach/marsh/aquatic habitat/
prehistoric/swimming bladder
Predator/Gravel/Celsius degree/Survival
environment
Body
fluid/Gill/Permeate/Balance/Solute/Urine
Dolphin/Intellective
4
、动物习性
Animal
behaviorist/anticipate/coordinate/
consciousness/honeybee/nectar/figure-
eight
pattern/hive/
intelligence/cognition/otter/rudimentary
tool/chimpanzee/summing ability
Calve/marsupial/ spiny
anteater/placental mammal/
offspring/descendant/reptile/crocodile/
caterpillar/paralyze/venom/
store/larva/parental care/
forage/shield/survive
Primate/chimpanzee/ants and
termites/anvil/hammer/
modify/twig/strip/probe hole/woodpecker
finch/cactus spine/
prey/beak /anemone/octopus/forest-
dwelling
primate/intruder
Th
ermoregulation/Blubber/Bladder/Metabolic
Biological clock/Bat/Nightly animal
Mimesis/Camouflage/Predator
Vegetarian/Stern/Leaves/Ruminate
Bat/Gregarious/Parasite/Beneficial
Predator/Prey/Optimize
5
、灭绝与进化
Subsist/hunter/gatherer/Pleistocene
epoch/paleontologist/
prehistoric/mass
extinction/overhunting/mammoth/
giant ground sloth/giant bison/direct
competition/
demise/carnivore/predator/survive
Extinct/perish/ecological
change/temperature/
demise/dinosaur/plankton in the
ocean/periodic
extinction/
intersection/Earth’s
orbit/c
omet/eliminate/adapt/evolutionary
Body
size/Limit/Reproduce/Special adaptation
05-01
北美雀鳝
06-7-15
07-3-23
07-8-25
05-12-17
鳟鱼
鱼类体液渗透平衡
海豚的智慧
02-10-3
动物的意识与认知
能力
04-5-1
动物哺育下一代
04-8-5
动物使用工具
07-03-04
06-06-09
06-10-18
06-10-28
06-10-15
06-09-15
动物保温机制
生物钟规律
动物拟态行为
食草动物
摄食行为
蝙蝠和寄生虫
动物捕食最优化
02-01
史前人类活动导致
巨型动物灭绝
02-08
物种灭绝
06-12-16
动物体型进化
07-01-27
物种适应性
Biological
diversity/ecosystem/fragility/fringe marine
ecosystem/
habitat destruction/irreversible/mass
extinction/physical event/
climatic/cosmic/die
out/demolish/biological
devastation/adaptation
6
、植物
F
ungi/mold/yeast/mushroom/chlorophyll/synthesize/
carbohydrate/fungal
cell/hyphae/enzyme/cellulose/
cellulose-
destroying/timber/decomposition/organic
matter/
antibiotics/penicillin
Liche
n/hardiest/framework/fungus/alga/stagnant/
photosynthese/dormant/dew/ultraviolet
ray/stain/lichen colony /
offspring/encounter/ stalk-like bud
Tulip/Holland/cultivation/tenuous
line/colonize/
carnation/settler/tulip bulb/grumble/
tulip
entrepreneur/salesperson/
nostalgic
longing/homesick
Symbiotic
specy/mechanism/performed/passive/
inducible/active/toxic/deterrent/immune
system/vertebrate
7
、动植物关系
05-08
菌类
04-01
苔藓
02-01
北美郁金香
08-01-05
植物的积极防御和
消极防御
01-05
为何树冠内小动物
少
Canopy/twig/mammal/warm
blooded/gap/tree crown
Naturalist/ecolo
gist/squirrel/acorn/disperse/
scurry/pesky seed
predator/regeneration/dispersal/
seed
maturity/germination/sp
read/reproduce/pry
off/discard/litter
Symbiosis/Pollination/Fungus/Symbiotic
8
、其他生命
Putrefy/microscopically/bacteria/microorganism/
spontaneous
gene
ration/hypothetical/chemist/microbiologist/
Pasteur/guncotton
filter/alcohol/ether/solid particle/
microscope slide/mold/singe-
celled/microbial
cell/postulate/
deposit/glass flask/teem
with/proponent/swan-neck
flask/sterilize
Fungi/mold/y
east/mushroom/chlorophyll/synthesize/
carbohydrate/fungal
cell/hyphae/enzyme/cellulose/
cellulose-
destroying/timber/decomposition/organic
02-09
松鼠与橡树
07-06-24
动植物间的互利与
共生
03-08
生命起源
05-08
菌类
matter/antibiotics/
penicillin
9
、生物学原理
07-01-13
07-01-27
07-03-04
以上就是托福阅读中经常考到的关于
“
生命科学类
”
的话题及核心词汇，<
/p>
要求考生对这些
词汇能够认识，并知其义，不要求拼写。
物种适应性
物种分类方法
Biological
diversity/Ecosystem/Fragility/
Habitat destruction/mass extinction/
Climatic/Biological
devastation/Adaptation
Monad/Fungus/Algae
自然科学类
1
、土壤
00-01
05-05
08-03-
08
03-08
08-3-2
3
01-05
02-05
05-05
06-12-
1
01-10
06-2-3
01-01
05-08
06-03-
17
06-10-
土壤构成
（老）
Particles / Clay /
Sediment / Sieve
微量元素
Minerals / Organic farming / Chemical
fertilizer / Vitamin
土壤区
Soil-region / Humid / Arid / Annual
precipitation / Acidic /Alkaline
土壤构成
（新）
Mechanic formation / Biochemical
formation
Chemical
formation / Acid rain
2
、岩石
岩石与全球冰
河期
岩石
矿石
Varve / Layer / Deposit / Glacial
Deposit of clay / Elements / Compounds
/ Oxides silica
Mineral / Abundant
mineral
/ Scarce mineral
3
、冰川
冰川形成
绿色冰川
海洋保护区
Glacier
/
Snowflack
/
Cementation
/
Crystallization
/
Temperate
glacier
Illusion / Mineral / Organic compound /
The Arctic Circle
4
、海洋
Marine
sanctuaries
Program
/
Sanctuary
status
/
Habitat
degradation / Overexploitation
Reflective / Penetrate / Ripple /
Particles
岩石年代鉴定
Hardness of the rock / Mudstone /
Sediment
19
世纪海洋学
Oceanography / Map of seabed / Ocean
current
海水正蓝