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Unit 4 Sharing
语言点
编稿：牛新阁
审稿：王春霞
学习目标
重点词汇
adjust
participate
otherwise
donate
distribute
voluntary
purchase
relevant
operate
重点短语
hear from
（
be
）
dying to
come
across
the other
day
dry
out
dry up
in need
重点句型
whether
引导的从句
过去完成进行时与过去完成时
知识讲解
重点词汇
【高清课堂：
Sharing
词汇精讲】
adjust
【原句回放】
The hut was dark
inside, so it took time for our eyes to adjust.
小屋里很黑，因此
眼睛过了好一阵才适应过来。
【点拨】
adjust
vi.
适应
vt.
调整，使
……
适合
常用搭配：
adjust to
适应（
to
是介词，加动词
-ing
形式）
She carefully adjusted her clothes and
hair before going to the
interview
．
去面试前她认
真整理衣服和头发。
（
adjust
作
“调整”讲，直接接宾语）
It took him
quite a long time to adjust to the heat of
India
．
他花了很长时间才适应了印度的温度。
My parents had trouble
adjusting to liv
ing
in an
apartment.
我的父母费了很多的功夫才适应住在公寓里。
【拓展】
adjustable
adj.
可调节的
adjustment
n.
调整，调节
Can you
lend me an adjustable spanner?
你能借我一把可调节的扳手吗
?
participate
【原句回放】
I loved
listening to the family softly talking to each
other in their language, even
though
I
could
not
participate
in
the
conversation.
他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言在交
谈。我很喜欢听他们谈话，尽管我不能加入他
们的谈话。
【点拨】
participate
vi.
参与
,
分享
,
分担
常用搭配：
participate
in
sth.
参与某事，分享某物
Everyone in the class is expected to
participate in these discussions.
班里每个人都要
参加
这些讨论。
I will participate (=share) in
your suffering and joy.
我将和你同甘共苦。
【拓展】
participant
n
.
参与者，分享者
participation
n.
参与
，分享
All the participants in the debate will
have an opportunity to speak.
参加辩论的人都将有机会发言。
Union leaders called for the active
participation of all members in the day of
election.
联盟领导人号召所有的人在选举日能积极参与。
otherwise
【原句回放】
Otherwise
they don
’
t waste anything.
否则的话，他们是不会浪费任何东西的。
【点拨】
otherwise
conj. & adv.
用别的方法；其他方面；否则
We were going to play football, but it
was so hot that we decided to do otherwise.
我们本来想踢足球，但是天太热了，我们决定做点别的事情。
（用别的方法）
We’ll go early,
otherwise
(=or) we may not get a seat.
我们要早点走，否则可能会没有座位了。
【拓展】
or otherwise
或用其他方式；
或不是
We will get there somehow, by train or
otherwise.
我们将到达那里，乘火车还是别的什么。
Whether she was
married or otherwise was none of my business.
她结婚了还是没有都与我无关。
donate
【原句回放】
Would you
like to donate an unusual gift?
你是否想要赠送一份特殊的礼物？
【点拨】
donate
vt.
捐赠
The businessman donated a lot of money
to the hospital.
这个商人向那家医院捐了很多的钱。
This computer
was donated to us by a local company.
这台计算机是当地一家公司捐赠给我们的。
【拓展】
donation
n.
捐赠，捐赠物
They made
a generous donation to charity.
他们向慈善组织进行了慷慨的捐助。
The hospital receives a good deal of
money in donations.
这家医院在捐献过程中收到了大量钱款。
相关短语：
give/ make/ present a donation to sb./
an organization
捐赠给某人
/
组织
distribute
【原句回放】
This
gift
covers
the
cost
of
production
and
distribution
of
seedlings,
as
well
as
training
in tree care for the local villagers who are
working hard to prevent their land from turning
into
desert.
这份礼物
包含了幼苗的培育和销售费用，也包含了当地村民参加护树培训的费
用，这些村民正努力
工作以阻止他们的土地沙漠化。
【点拨
1
】
distribute
v.
1.
分发
Clothes and blankets have been
distributed to the refugees.
衣物和毯子被分发给难民。
2.
配送
Milk is distributed to the local shops
by Micheal.
牛奶是由米歇尔配送到当地商店的。
3.
使分布，使散布
Make sure the weight of the
load is evenly distributed.
要保证装载物的重量均匀分布。
【拓展】
区分：
contribute
贡献
相关短语：
contribute
to
有助于
Proper diet
contributes to good health.
适当的饮食是对健康有帮助的。
【点拨
2
】
distribution
n.
分配，分发；分布状态
The
conference discussed the fair distribution of
income and wealth.
会议讨论了公平分配收入和财富的问题。
The town council passed a law
forbidding the distribution of handbills.
市议会通过了一项禁止散发传单的法令。
【拓展】
distributor
n.
供销商
■
voluntary
【原句回放】
The
gift
you
give
is
not
something
your
loved
one
keeps
but
a
voluntary
contribution towards the lives of
people who really need it.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的
人留念
的，而是给那些确实需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。
【点拨】
voluntary
adj.
自愿的，志愿的，无偿的
When she retired she did a
lot of voluntary work for the Red Cross.
她退休后为红十字会做了许多义务工作。
More and more
people are now working in poor countries on a
voluntary basis.
现在越来越多的人自愿在贫穷国家工作。
（
on
a voluntary basis
基于自愿，以自愿为原则）
【拓展】
volunteer
n.
志愿者；
v.
自愿或无偿地给予帮助
常见搭配：
volunteer
to do sth.
自愿
/
志愿做
某事
The center needs more volunteers to
help children to read.
中心需要更多的志愿者帮孩子们读书。
The
company volunteered to donate fifty computers to
help the disabled people.
这
家公司自愿捐出
50
台电脑帮助那些残疾人。
< br>
I volunteered my services as a
driver.
我作为司机自愿服务。
purchase
【原句回放】
When you
purchase an item, we will send you an attractive
card for you to send to
your special
person.
你选购一份礼物时，我们会给你提供一张精美的卡片，让你送给你的某
个特殊的人。
【点拨】
purchase
vt.
购买；
（以某种代价）换得
n.
购买
;
购得物（常用复数）
It will cost almost all the
money for an old couple to purchase a house now.
现在一对老夫妻要买一幢房子要花掉几乎所有的钱。
They purchased life at the expense of
honour.
他们用荣誉换取了生命。
We spent some money for the purchase of
the furniture necessary for our new house.
我们花了些钱为新房子购买必要的家具。
He filled the car with his purchases.
他买的东西装满了车。
【拓展】常见短语：
make a
purchase
采购
purchase price
买价
purchasing power
购买力
relevant
【原句回放】
Sometimes
I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these
students, most of whom will
be going
back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.
有时候，
我真想知道，
化学对这些学生究竟
有多大用处。他们中大多数人上完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。
【点拨】
relevant
adj.
有关的
;
恰当的
,
贴切的
,
切题的（反义词
irrelevant
）
常用搭配：
be relevant to
< br>与
......
有关
His nationality
is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
他的国籍与是否是个好律师无关。
This type of university
course is no longer relevant to
today
’
s problem.
这种大学课程与目前问题不再有关联了。
Many people consider politics is
irrelevant to their lives.
许多人认为政治与他们的生活无关。
【拓展】
relevance
n.
关联，切题，适宜
What you say
has no relevance to what we are talking about.
你说的与我们正谈的事情无关。
补充：
relevancy
关联（的事物）
，恰当，切题的话
operate
【原句回放】
This gift covers the
cost of exercise books and textbooks for community
primary
schools that operate in poor or
remote villages.
这件礼物包括在贫穷或偏远村庄开办的社区小
学的练习本和课本的费用。
【点拨】
operate
vt.
操作，使运行
vi.
运转，工作；动手术；起作用
常见搭配：
operate on sb.
给某人动手术
Who
operates the machine?
那台机器由谁操作？
This
machine operates night and day.
这台机器日夜运转着。
The
doctors operated on her/ her stomach last night. <
/p>
医生们昨晚给她
/
她的胃部做了手术。<
/p>
The new drug began to
operate not long after it is taken.
这种新药服用后不久就会开始见效。
【拓展】
operation
n.
操作，手术
perform
/have an operation on
给……动手术
come into operation
开始运转
put/bring...into operation
使……开始运转
in
operation
运转中
重点短语
hear
from
【原句回放】
It was wonderful to
hear from you.
收到你的信真是太高兴了。
【点拨】
hear from sb.
收到
......
的来信、电话等
注意：
from
后只接人或者机构等，
而不接
letter
，
call
等词。
Not having heard from him for months,
his mother was worried.
几个月没有他的音讯了，他妈妈很担心。