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第一组
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阅读理解＋
1
完形填空
(
限时：
30
分钟
)
Ⅰ
.
阅读理解
A
(2019·
河北衡中质检
)Strangely
，
scientists
still
haven’t
figured
out
why
sleep
is
so
important for our they do know that
not getting enough sleep prejudices
our
，
a
study
of
Northwestern
University
proves
that
having
a
light
on
while sleeping can raise
your risk of diabetes(
糖尿病
)
．
For the
study
，
researchers recruited
20 healthy adult volunteers (ages 18 to
40)
．
The
volunteers spent two nights and three
days at the lab: The first
night
，
they slept in total
darkness; the second
night
，
half of them slept in
the dark again while the other half
slept
with
a
bright
overhead
light
the
volunteers
slept
，
the
researchers
tracked
the
volunteers’
vital
signs
，
brain
wave
activity
，
and
took
hourly
blood
the morning
，
they
conducted glucose tolerance
(
葡萄糖耐量
) tests on the
volunteers.
Remarkably
，
just
sleeping under a bright light increased insulin
(
胰岛素
)
resistance
，
a
phenomenon
that
insulin
can’t
play
its
normal
insulin
can’t
do
its
job
well
，
the
body
struggles
to
process
sugar
，
which
is
one
of
the
reasons
for
getting
diabetes.
“
Our
findings show that a single night of light
exposure during sleep greatly
impacts
measures of insulin
resistance
，”
said lead
author Ivy Cheung Mason.
“
Previous research has
linked poor sleep to
a
higher risk of depression and breast
our findings add diseases such as
diabetes to the disturbances
affect
more than 25 per cent of the general population
and up to 50 per cent of older
adults...Improving
sleep
in
adults
represents
a
much-
needed
approach
to
the
prevention and treatment of type 2
diabetes.
”
Although
this
is
primary
research
，
it
does
support
the
idea
that
you
should
avoid
falling
asleep
on
the
sofa
and
spending
part
—
or
most
—
of
the
night
with
the
lights
and
the TV on.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文，
作者讲述了在黑暗中睡觉对健康的重要性以
及开着灯睡觉容易引起糖尿病的情况。
1
．
What may
insulin resistance lead to?
A
．
The problem of
poor sleep.
B
．
The
lack of insulin in the body.
C
．
The risk of
suffering from diabetes.
D
．
The decrease of
the blood sugar level in the body.
答案
C
<
/p>
[
细节理解题。依据第三段中的
“
just sleeping under a bright light...which
is one of the reasons for getting diabe
tes
”
可知，身体出现抗胰岛素性时，胰岛素不
能发挥正常功能，
身体就会很难消耗糖分，
这样就会
增加患糖尿病的风险。
故选
C
项。
]
2
．
Which of the
following can we infer according to Ivy Cheung
Mason?
A
．
Improving sleep
can prevent all diabetes.
B
．
Half of the
population have got sleep problems.
C
．
The elderly
attach much more importance to a good sleep.
D
．
Depression and
diabetes can result from poor sleep.
答案
D
<
/p>
[
推理判断题。
依据第四段中的
“
Previous research has
linked...diabetes to
the
lis
t
”
可知，糟糕的睡眠会导致人们患抑郁症和乳腺癌的风险增加
，现在新的
研究表明，
睡眠不佳还会导致患糖尿病的风险增加，
由此可知，
抑郁症和糖尿病
均可由睡眠
问题导致。
]
3
．
What does the
author do in the last paragraph?
A
．
Prove his idea.
B
．
Offer a tip.
C
．
Introduce
another topic.
D
．
Give practical
solutions.
答
案
B
[
推
理
判
断
题
。
根
据
最
后
一
段
的
< br>内
容
“
Although
this
is
primary
research...and the TV on
”
可知，这项研究确实证实了这个观点：人们应该避免在
沙发上入睡，避
免
(
入睡时
)
让灯和电视开半夜，或是大半夜。因此作者在本段给
读者提出了一项建议，故选
B
项。
]
4
．
Which can serve
as the best title for the passage?
A
．
Why should we
sleep in the dark?
B
．
What is the
main cause of diabetes?
C
．
Why is sleep
vital for people’s health?
D
．
How can we get
rid of diabetes?
答案
A
[
标题判
断题。
通读全文可知，
作者主要讲述了睡眠环境与健康的关系，
即在有灯光的状态下睡觉容易患糖尿病，
作者强调应在黑暗的环
境下睡觉，
故选
A
项。
]
B
(2019·
诸暨中学模拟
)When
Jocelyn
Bell
Burnell
began
her
doctoral
studies
in
physics
at
the
University
of
Cambridge
in
1965
，
she
was
convinced
that
they
had
made
a
mistake
of
admitting
her.
“
I’m
not
bright
enough
for
th
is
place
，”
she
thought.
She
was one of only two women in her graduate
Burnell’s response was
to work as hard
as she possibly efforts ended up paying years
after
she
arrived
at
Cambridge
，
Bell
Burnell
discovered
the
first
pulsar(
脉冲星
)
—
a
groundbreaking discovery
that in
2018
，
half a
century
after her pioneering
work
，
earned her the $$3
million Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental
Physics
，
which
was
previously awarded to Stephen
Hawking
，
for example.
“
The
discovery
was
one
of
the
biggest
surprises
in
the
history
of
astron
omy
，
transforming
neutron
stars
(
中子星
)
from
science
fiction
into
reality
in
a
most
dramatic
way
，”
the Breakthrough Prize
committee said.
“
It led to
several powerful
tests of Einstein’s
theory of relativity
，
and a
new understanding of the origin of the
heavy
elements
in
the
universe.
”
To
Bell
Burnell’s
admirers
，
the
prize
is
richly
deserved and somewhat overdue(
早该发生的
)
．
In
1968
，
when Bell Burnell and
her
doctoral adviser published a paper
detailing the discovery
，
it
attracted international
media didn’t
know what to do with a young female scientist who
had
made a major
，
Hewish
，
her doctoral
adviser
，
was awarded the
1974 Nobel Prize in Physics “for his
decisive role in the discovery of
pulsars”
．
Being
o
verlooked by the Nobel
committee didn’t surprise was just how things
worked
back then:
professors
，
not
students
，
got the credit.
As for the $$ 3
million
，
Bell Burnell doesn’t
plan on keeping any of money will
go
to
creating
scholarships
for
people
from
poor
backgrounds
who
want
to
study
funds will be run by the
U
．
K.
’
s
Institute of Physics
，
and
Bell Burnell is
hopeful that having
more various kinds of people entering the field
will lead to even
more new discoveries.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了女物理学家
Jocelyn
Bell Burnell
因发现第一颗脉冲星而获得基础物理学领域大奖的事迹。
5
．
What
can we learn about Bell Burnell’s years at
Cambridge?
A
．
She always
stood out among students.
B
．
She worked hard
to win a scholarship.
C
．
She lacked
confidence at the beginning.
D
．
She was valued
by teachers for her talents.
答案
C
<
/p>
[
推理判断题。根据第一段中的
“
she was convinced that...she thought
”
可
知，在
Bell
Burnell
初入剑桥大学时，她甚至觉得剑桥录取她是个错误，
她认为
自己不够聪明，故可推知那时的她对自己是缺乏信心的。
]
6
．
What does the
third paragraph focus on?
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