-
演奏指示
Performance
( but not as quick as allegro )
（一）演奏术语
quick(
cheerful )
如歌唱似的风格
渐强
从头再奏
回到记号“
渐弱
渐弱
”处再奏
一级：
at a walking
pace
accelerando/accel.
in a singing
style
Adagio
gradually getting louder
Allegretto
repeat from the beginning
allegro
andante
cantabile
crescendo/cresc.
da capo/.
dal
segno/.
decrescendo/decresc.
dimimmndo/dim.
fine
(
=forte )
(=fortissimo)
legato
lento
mezzo
(=mezzo
forte )
( =mezzo piano )
moderato
p
(=piano)
pp
(=pianissimo)
poco
rallentando/rall.
ritardando/ritard./rit.
gradually getting quicker
slow(at ease )
fairly quick
repeat from the sign
becoming gradually softer
becoming gradually softer
the end
loud
very loud
smoothly
slow
half( moderately )
moderately loud
moderately
quiet
moderately
( allegro
moderato moderately quick )
quiet
very quiet
a little ,
slightly
gradually getting slower
gradually getting slower
逐渐加快
慢
(
舒适
)
稍快
(
但不
及
allegro
快
)
快
(
欢乐
)
，快板
如行走般的速度
结束处
强，响亮
很强
圆滑地
慢
一半
(
适中
)
中强
中弱
中速
( allegro
moderato:
适中的快板
)
弱
很弱
少许，稍
渐慢
渐慢
ritenuto/riten.
staccato/state.
tempo
（二）演奏符号
held back
( immediately slowing
down )
detached
speed
，
time
( a tempo : in time )
gradually getting louder
渐弱（
=diminuendo/decrescendo)
(=crescendo)
断音，断奏
(=staccato )
gradually getting quieter
重音
(=diminuendo/decrescendo)
延长
号。将音符
(
或休止符
)
的时
detached(=staccato )
值延长
(=fermata )
accent
反复记号。在第二个记号处，
pause
on
the
note
(or
rest)
音乐从第一个记号处开始重
(
=fermata )
复
(
如乐曲没
有第一个记号，
repeat
marks:
at
the
second
音乐是从乐曲的开始处重复
)
sign
，
连线
:
将两个有相同音高的音
repeat the music from the
连结成一个音的弧线
first
sign(if
连线
:
圆滑地演奏各
音
(
置于两
the
first
sign
is
left
out,
个或一组音符的上方或下方
repeat from the
的弧线
)
beginning )
octave ( =ottava )
tie: a
curved line joining
perform an octave
higher
two notes of
(
written over a note or notes )
the
same
pitch
into
a
single
perform
an octave lower
sustained
(
written under a note or notes)
sound
76 crotchet beats in a minute
slur: perform the notes
八度
(=ottava)
smoothly
升高一个八度演奏
( a curved line over or
(
写在一个或多个音符的上方
)
under two or
降低一个八度演奏
more
different notes )
(
写在一个或多个音符的下方
)
突然慢
(
立即放慢
)
每分钟奏
76
个四分音符
断音，断奏
.
是
Maelzel
’
s Metronome
速度，时间
(
拍节机
二级：
)
的简称
(a
tempo:
回复到原来的速度
)
（一）演奏术语
渐强
(=crescendo)
a
al, alla
allargando
andantino
assai
con , col
dolce
e,ed
espressivo
(espress./espr.)
(=fortepiano)
giocoso
grave
grazioso
larghetto
largo
ma
maestoso
meno
molto
mosso
in
the style of, for, at, with,in
a
cappella: in the style of chapel
a due
: for two performers
a piacere : at
pleasure
a
puma
d'
arco
:
with
the
point
of
the
bow
a tempo in time
in the
manner of, to the
( alla marcia : in
the style of a
march )
broadening(getting slower
所至地处理
and louder)
a puma
d'arco:
用弓尖演奏
slightly faster than
a
tempo:
按原来的速度
andante
以……风格，至
very(allegro assai : very
(
alla marcia:
进行曲风格
)
quick )
宽广的
(
渐慢及渐强
)
with
比行板
(andante
)
稍快
soft, sweet
非常，很
(allegro
assai:
很快
)
and
用，含有
expressive
温柔地，甜蜜地
first
loudly, then
和，以及
immediately soft
有表情地
playful ,
merry
先强然后立即转弱
solemn,very slow
嬉戏的，快乐的
graceful
严肃的，极缓慢的
quite
slow(but not as slow
优雅的
as
largo
)
颇慢的，
(
但比广板
larg
o
稍快
)
slow,
stately
慢的，庄严的
but
但是
majestic
华贵的，堂皇的
less
少些
much , very
十分，很
moved
活动的
( meno
mosso
:
less moved
)
( meno
mosso:
稍慢
)
以……风格、由、按照、用、
moto
按
non
a cappella:
以
(
无伴奏的
)
教
pres
to
堂风格演奏
senza
a
due:
由两位表演者演奏
(
唱
)
(=sforzando/sforzato )
a
piacere:
按照表演者的与之
simi
le/sim.
sostenuto
tenuto
troppo
vivace , vwo
（二）演奏符号
movement
( con moto : with movement )
not
more
(faster
than allegro)
without
accented,forced
in the same
way
sustained
held
too much
( non troppo : not
too much )
lively , quick
the
note
should
be
held
for
its
full
time-
value ,
and generally slightly
detached(=tenuto)
the
note
should
be
played
as
short
as
possible
and
perhaps accented too
( =staccatissimo)
accented
stronger
accent(usually stronger
than> )
the notes should be slightly
separated
agitato
(=mezzo-staccato/semi-
sta
alla breve
ccato )
.
活动
amore
( con moto:
稍快
)
anima
不是
animato
更多地
ben
快
(
比快板
allegro
更快
)
brio
没有，去除
comodo
重音，加强地
deciso
( =sforzando/sforzato
)
delicato
如前的方式演奏
energico
持续的
forza
保持
(
要奏足该音的时值
)
largamente
太多
leggiero
( non
troppo:
不太多
)
marcato . marc..
有生气的，轻快的
marziale
要奏足该音符的时值，
各音之
mesto
间稍间歇
(=tenuto)
pesante
短断音，
发音比一般断音更短
prima, primo
促，有时还有重音的意思
risoluto
( =staccatissimo)
ritmico
重音
rubato ,
强重音
(
力度通常比
>
更强
)
tempo rubato
半断音，
即音符需要略微断开
rather slow(but faster than
adagio
)
(=mezzo-
staccato/semi-sta
optional or at will
ccato)
三级：
agitated
演奏术语
with each beat as a minim( or
adagietto
instead of )
ad libitum,ad lib.
love (
amoroso : loving )
soul, spirit(con
anima: with
feeling/
spirited )
animated ,
lively( animando :
becoming
more lively )
well
vigour(con brio : with vigour,
lively )
convenient(tempo
comodo:at a tom-
fortable speed )
with determination
delicate
energetic
force
broadly
light
marked,accented
martial ,
war-like
sad
heavy
first
bold, strong
rhythmically
with some
freedom of time
稍慢
(
但比
adagio
略快
)
随意处理
激动地
以二分音符作为一拍
(
以
或
代替
)