-
2011
年专八真题改错部分
From a very early age,
perhaps the age of five or six, I knew
that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the
ages of about
1__________
seventeen and twenty-four I
tried to abandon this idea, but I did so
with the conscience that I was
outraging my true nature and that
2___________
soon or later I
should have to settle down and write books.
3___________
I was the
child of three, but there was a gap of
five years
4__________
on either side,
and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For
this and other reasons I
was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed
disagreeing mannerisms
which made me unpopular throughout my
5_____________
schooldays. I
had the lonely child's habit of making up stories
and
holding conversations with
imaginative persons, and I think from
6_________
the very start my literal ambitions
were mixed up with the feeling of
7________
being isolated and
undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with
words
and a power of facing
in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created
8________
a sort of private world which I could
get my own back for my failure
9________
in everyday life.
Therefore, the volume of serious
—
i.e. seriously
10________
intended
—
writing which I produced
all through my childhood and
boyhood would not amount to half a
dozen pages. I wrote my first
poem at
the age of four or five, my mother taking it down
to dictation.
1
，
在
grow
后加
up,
考固定短语
2
，
改<
/p>
consience
为
consciou
sness
考词语区别，
consience
翻译为
“
良心，
道德心<
/p>
”, consiousness
翻译为
“
意
识
”
3
，
改<
/p>
soon
为
sooner
，
sooner or
later
是固定短语
4
，
在<
/p>
child
前加
middle,
考上下文理解。
作者是三个孩子句中的那位
5
，
改
disagreeing
为
disagreeable
，
disagreeing
只能作动名词，
不能作形容词。
disagreeable
mannernisms
令人讨厌的习惯
6
，
改<
/p>
imaginative
为
imagin
ary,
考词语区别
imag
inative
翻译为
“
有想象力的<
/p>
”
，
imaginary
翻译为
“
想象
的，虚构的
”
7
，
改
literal
为
literary ,
考词义区别，
literal
翻译为
“
字面的
”<
/p>
，
literary
翻译为
“
文学方面的
”
8
，
去掉
face
后的
in
，
face
接宾语时是及物动词。考动词的基本用法
9
，
在
world
后加
in
或者改
which
为
< br>where,
考定语从句
10
，
改<
/p>
Therefore
为
However<
/p>
或者
Nevertheness,
考语境。
感悟：
11
专八改错相对前几年专八改
错要简单一点。本人认为词义区别考得过多了。
2010
年专八真题改错部分
So far as we can tell, all human
languages are equally
complete and perfect as instruments of
communication: that is,
every language appears to be well
equipped as any other to say
1________________
the things their
speakers want to say.
2________________
There may
or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive
3________________
peoples or cultures,
but that is another matter. Certainly, not all
groups of people are
equally competent in nuclear physics or
psychology or the
cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the
4_____________
fault of
their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can
speak about
snow with further more
precision and subtlety than we can in
5______________
English, but this is not because the
Eskimo language (one of those
sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is
inherently more precise and
subtle than English. This example does
not come to light a defect
6______________
in English, a show of
unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is
simply and obviously that the Eskimos
and the English live in similar 7____________
environments. The English
language will be just as rich in terms
8____________
for different
kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in
which
Englishwas habitually used made
such distinction as important.
9_____________
Similarly,
we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo
language
could be as
precise and subtle on the subject of motor
manufacture
or cricket if
these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life.
10____________
2010
年专八真题改错参考答案以及分词
1 be
后插入
as;
as…as
引导的比较级
2 their
改为
its;
its
代替
every
language
3
There
改为
It;
It
此处作为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式
4 Whereas
改为
But
；
语境需要表示转折的连词，
whereas
表示对比
5 further
改为
much
further
不能修饰比较级
6
come
改为
bring;
(sth)come to light , bring sth to light
bring to light the defect
of English =bring the defect of english to light
揭示英语的缺陷
7
similar
改为
different;
根据语境应该用
different
8 will
改为
would;
虚拟语气
9 as
important
去掉
as;
10 the part
去掉
the
或者改
the
为
a
be/become/form (a)
part of
是固定短语
09
专八改错原题
The previous section has shown how
quickly a rhyme passes
from one school
child to the next and illustrates the further
difference
(1)___________
between
school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a
verse,
learnt in early childhood,
is not usually passed on again when the
(2)___________
little listener
has grown
up, and has children of their own, or even
(3)____________
grandchildren.
The period
between learning a nursery rhyme and
transmitting it may be something from twenty to
seventy years. With
(4)_____________
the
playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be
excitedly passed
(5)___________
on within
the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it
passes
(6)_____________
between
children of the same age, or nearly so, since it
is uncommon
for the
difference in age between playmates to be more
than five
years. If
,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to
have been
currently for a hundred
years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it
(7)__________
has been retransmitted over and over;
very possibly it has passed
(8)___________
along a chain
of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers,
and
the wonder is that it remains live
after so much handling,
(9)____________
to let alone that it bears resemblance
to the
(10)____________
答案分析：
(1) the
further difference
改为
a
further
difference
（此次应该用不定冠词表示泛指）
(2)
改
when
为
until,
结构
not...until
翻译为
“
直到
……
才
”
(3)their
改为
h
is
（代词与前文
a little
listener
在单复数上保持一致）
(4)something
改为
anything
此处指二十到七十的任何时段
(5)
therefore
改为
however
（根据上下文逻辑关系）
(6)
in the general
去掉
the
（习惯用法
in general
表示总的来说，一般不用冠词）
(7) currently
改为
current
（这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词）
(8) it has
passed
改为
it has
been passed
（与分号前的被动保持一致）
(9) live
改为
alive
alive
翻译为
“
鲜活的
”
，
一般作补语；
live
翻译为
“
现场转播的；活的
”
，一般作定语
(10) to let
alone
改为
let alone
(let alone
为习惯搭配，意思是
“
更不用说
2008
年专八真题
短文改错
The desire to use language as a sign of
national identity is a
very natural
one, and in result language has played a prominent
____1____
part in national moves. Men have often
felt the need to cultivate
____2____
a
given language to show that they are distinctive
from another
____3____
race whose hegemony they resent. At the
time the United States
____4____
split off from Britain, for
example, there were proposals that
independence should be linguistically
accepted by the use of a
____5____
different language from those of
Britain. There was even one
____6____
proposal that Americans should adopt
Hebrew. Others favoured
the adoption of
Greek, though, as one man put it, things would
certainly be simpler for Americans if
they stuck on to English
____7____
and made the British learn Greek. At
the end, as everyone
____8____
knows, the two countries
adopted the practical and satisfactory
solution of carrying with the same
language as before.
____9____
Since
nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the
world
____10____
that
political independence and national identity can
be complete
without sacrificing the
enormous mutual advantages of a common
language.
2008
1.
in result
改成
in
consequence
，
2
moves
改成
movements.
3 distinctive
改成
di
stinct
或
different
4
在
time
后加
when
5
accepted
改成
realized
6
those
改成
that
7
删除
on,
8 At
改成
In
9 carrying with
改成
carrying on
with
10 now
改成
ago
07
专八真题
短文改错
From what
has been said, it must be clear that no one can
make very positive
statements about how language originated.
There is no material in any
language today and in the earliest
1__________
records of ancient
languages show us language in a new and
2__________
emerging state. It is often said, of
course, that the language
3_________
originated in cries of
anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the
4__________
necessary evidence is entirely lacking:
there are no remote
tribes, no
ancient records, providing evidence of
a language with a large proportion of
such cries
5__________
than we find in
English. It is true that the absence
of such evidence does not
disprove the theory, but in
6__________
other grounds
too the theory is not very attractive.
People of all
races and languages make rather similar
noises in return to pain or
pleasure. The fact that
7___________
such noises are similar on the lips of
Frenchmen
and Malaysians
whose languages are utterly different,
serves to emphasize on the fundamental
difference
8___________
between these noises and
language proper. We may
say that the
cries of pain or chortles of amusement
are largely reflex actions, instinctive
to large extent,
9____________
whereas language proper does not
consist of signs
but of these that have
to be learnt and that are
10___________
wholly conventional.
1,
改
and
为
or,
any languagages today
or recordsof ancient languages
是并列成分，在否定句中用
or
2,
改
show
为
showing,
现在分词作定语
3
，
删除
the,
表示泛指
4
，
改
and
为
but,
根据语境此处是转折
5
，改
large
为
larger,
后面有
than,
应该用比较级
6
，
改<
/p>
in
为
on, on other
grounds “
基于其它理由
”
，为固定搭配
7
，改
return
为
response
, in response to “
对
……
作出反应
”
8
，删除
on, emphasize
sth
emphasize
是及物动词
9
，在
la
rge
前加
a,
extent
是可数名词，前面要加冠词。
翻译为
“
在很大程度上
”
10
，改
these
为
those
those
that/who
为固定形式
2006
专八短文改错
We use language
primarily as a means of communication with
other human
beings. Each of us shares with the community in
which we
live a
store of words and meanings as well as agreeing
conventions as
1_______
to the way in
which words should be arranged to convey a
particular
2_______
message: the English
speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a
3_______
set of
grammatical rules which enables him to communicate
his
4_______
thoughts and
feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other
English
5_______
speakers. His vocabulary, in
particular, both that which he uses active-
ly and that
which he recognises, increases in size as he grows
old as a result
of education and experience.
6_________
But, whether the language
store is relatively small or large, the system
remains no more
than a psychological reality for the individual,
unless
he has a
means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by
another
7_________
member of his linguistic community; he
bas to give the system a
concrete transmission form. We take it
for granted the two most
8____________
common forms of transmission-by means
of sounds produced by our
vocal organs (speech) or by visual
signs (writing). And these are
9_____________
among most striking of human
achievements.
10____________
1,
改
agreeing
为
agreed
agreed conventions
翻译为
“
习俗
”
< br>2
，
words
前加
the,
此处为特指
3
，改
in
为
at
at one?s disposal
为固定短语
，翻译为
“
由某人做主
”
4
，
< br>改
enables
为
enabl
e
，定语从句与先行词
vocabulary and a
set of grammatical rules
保持一致
5
，删除
the,
此处需要泛指
6
，改
old
为
older,
此处需要比较级
7
，
改
seen
为
understood
，
system
应该是被理解
< br>
8
．
，
删除
it
take sth
for granted
take it for granted
that…
9,
改
or
为
and
,
语境需要并列关系而不需选择关系
10
，
most
前加
the,
形容词最高级中
that
一般不能省略
2005
年专八真题短文改错
The University as Busines
A
number of colleges and universities have announced
steep
tuition increases for next year
much steeper than the current,
very low rate of inflation. They say
the increases are needed because
of a loss in value of university
endowments heavily investing in common
1 ________
stock. I am skeptical. A business firm
chooses the price that maximizes
its net revenues, irrespective
fluctuations in income; and increasingly the
2
_________
outlook of
universities in the United States is
indistinguishable from those of
3 ___________
business firms. The rise in tuitions
may reflect the fact economic uncertainty
4__________
increases the demand for
education. The biggest cost of being
in the school is foregoing income from
a job (this is primarily a factor in
5 __________
graduate and professional-
school tuition); the poor one's job prospects,
6 ___________
the more sense it makes to reallocate
time from the job market to education,
in order to make oneself more
marketable.
The ways which universities make
themselves attractive to students
7 ___________
include soft majors,
student evaluations of teachers, giving students
a governance role, and
eliminate required courses.
8 _________
Sky-high tuitions have caused
universities to regard their students as
customers. Just as business
firms sometimes collude to shorten the
9 ___________
rigors of competition, universities
collude to minimize the cost to them of the
athletes whom they recruit
in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
best
athletes now often
bypass higher education in order to obtain
salaries earlier
from
professional teams. And until they were stopped by
the antitrust authorities,
the Ivy League schools colluded to
limit competition for the best students, by
agreeing not to award
scholarships on the basis of merit rather than
purely
of need-just like
business firms agreeing not to give discounts on
their best
10 ____________
customer.
1. investing
应改为
invested
，过去分词作定语
2.
在
irres
pective
和
fluctuations
< br>之间加上介词
of
。
irres
pectiveOf
是一固定用法，
意指
“
不论，
不管，
不顾，
”
等，此处指公司不顾收入的波动变化。