关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 英语 >

高考英语知识点总结(超全版)

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-03-01 01:12
tags:

-

2021年3月1日发(作者:standard是什么意思)


高考英语复习知识点概要




1.a great/good many: a large number of< /p>


许多。


修饰可


数名词复数。



I



m quite busy. I have a great many things to do.



很忙,我有很多事要做。



若复数名词前有限定词或其修饰的为代词时,


应加


of .




A great many of the books have been sold out.



经卖了很多书了。




A great many of them are out of work.


他们很多人


失业了。




(


可以的,有能力的,可能的


)



He is an able


man.


那人本事不小。



enable(v)


使??能




We


must


learn


more


to


enable


us


to


face


all


the


difficulties.


我们要多学知识以便能面对各种困难。



disable:


有残疾的,不能干的;


the


disabled


表示一


类人(残疾人)



able


作词辍时



①可以??的,值得??的(有被动含义)


< br>eatable


可食用的,


measurable


可以测量、估计的;


readable


可读的



②其他含义:


conformabl e


舒适的、


安逸的;


suitable


合适的,恰当的




, over, on


三个词都可以表示“在??上“,但用 法不同。


On


表示与某物体表面接触;


over


表示在某物体垂


直的上方,



“布满、


覆盖、


跨越”


之意,



under


相对;


above


表示位置高于,但不一定垂直,与

< br>below


相对。


注意:


与数字 、


数量、


长度词连用时,


多用


over,



more than



如:


over10,000people


一万


多人;


表示年龄、


刻度多用


above




a man above


fifty


五十开外的人;


above zero


零度以上。



习惯用语:


well above average


远在一般以上;


above


sea-level


海拔以上;


the


one


above


上面的一个;


above all


首先,尤其重要的是;


over there


那边;


all


over


遍及;


over


again


再一遍;


over


and


over


再三地


[


应用


]


介词填空




There


lay


an


umbrella_______the


table


and


some


raincoats _____it.



The


mother


held


an


umbrella______the


boy



s


head so that the sun wouldn



t burn him.




There seemed to be a war and many planes were


flying____the city.



The moon was______the trees in the east.


Key:



on,under



over



over



above


above all


首先,特别是,最重要的是



after all


到底,毕竟



at all (


用来加强语气


)



not


连用,


表 示


“一点也不,


完全不”


< p>


in all



总共



all but


几乎,差点没(


=almost,nearly


)< /p>




We have all but finished the work.



The day turned out fine after all.



Children


need


many


things


,but


above


all


they


need love.



He wasn



t at all tired.



Do you feel ill at all(


真的,确实


)





There were twenty in all at the party.


accident/event/ incident


event


一般指重大事件。


acciden t


多指意外或偶然发


生的事故,特别是不幸的、有损害性的事故 。


incident


相对于


accid ent


来说,显得不很重要,指


“小事件”

,它还可以用来表示“事变”


,如叛乱、


爆炸等。如:



The broadcaster is broadcasting the news on current


events .


广播员正在播报时事新闻。



He was badly injured in the traffic accident.

< br>在那起交


通事故中,他严重受伤。



There was an incident on the bus: a man fought with


the conductor.


那辆 公共汽车上发生了一件事,有个


人和售票员打了起来。



Have you heard of Xi



an Incident?


你听 说过“西安


事变”吗?




admit


vt.


①接纳,许可?? 进入(


allow


sb./


enter




He


was


admitted


to


the


school


this



two


hundred


boys


and


girls


are


admitted


to


our


school


every year.

②承认,后可接名词,


doing


、从句或复合结构。



I admit my fault. She admitted having read the letter.


He admitted that his comprehension was weak.



You must admit the task to be difficult.


advice


建议;劝告。是不 可数名词,


“一条建议”


应用


a piece of advice


。常用结构。



give (on)/give advice


给某人提(关于 ??


的)建议;忠告某人。



ask(sb.)for advice


征求(某人的)意见。




Marx gave us some good advice on how to learn a


高考英语复习知识点概要




foreign language.


关于如何学好外语,马克思给我们提了些好建议。




If


you


take


/follow


my


advice,


you



ll


pass


the


exam.


如果你听从我的建议,你会考试及格的。




Let



s ask our teacher for some advice.


咱们征求一


下老师的意见吧。



admire



= respect / praise



vt.


羡慕,钦佩 ,夸奖





admire sb.



for sth.


)佩服某人某事





Visitors


to


Beijing


greatly


admire


our


Palace


Museum.



去北京的游人极其羡慕我们的故宫。





I admire him for his wisdom .


我佩服他的智慧。别


忘了夸奖孩子。



对比:


envy


= jealous



vt.


嫉妨 ,羡慕





envy sb.



sth.


)嫉妒


/


羡慕某人某事




We all envy


you your good future.



我们都很羡慕你的好运。



advise sb. to do sth.


建议某人做某事 (


suggest


不这


样用)





I


advise


you


to


take


the


chance.< /p>


我建议你抓住机


会。



②—


What


do


you


advise


me


to


do?


你建议我怎么

< p>
办?




I advise you not to lose heart; just keep on.


我劝你


不要灰心,继续干。



advise


还可同


suggest


一样,后接名词、代词、动


名词(短语)和

that


从句(用虚拟语气)作宾语。



①—


What would you advise?


你有什么建议吗?—


I


advise you an early start


我建议你早点出发。




I advise holding a metting to discuss the problem.


我建议召开一次会议来讨论这个问题。




I advise you (should) go to once.


我建议你马上去。


advise



persuade




persuade sb. to do sth.


意为“说服某人做某事”


,强


调劝说成功,说服 ;


advise sb. to do sth.


意为“劝< /p>


说某人做某事”



不涉及劝说是否有效,


相当于


try


to persuade sb. to do sth.


。如:



The doctor persuaded my father to give up smoking.


医生说服我爸爸戒了烟。



The doctor advised my father to give up smoking, but


failed.


医生劝我爸爸戒烟,但没成功。



advise; suggest


advise



suggest


都可作“建议”讲 ,二者用法有


同有异。



(1)


相同点表示建议做某事,


advise



suggest


都可


采用下列三种句型


:




+


名词





+


动名词





+


th at


从句(从句中常用


should


加 动词原形,


should


可以省略。




eg. He advised/ suggested an early start.


He advised/ suggested (our) starting early.


He advised/ suggested that we (should) start early.


(


注:只要是用从句表示建议该做的事,从句中就


可用



should+


动词原形”



should


可以省略。


)


上面


的第三句可转化为:



It was suggested that we (should) start early.


What he suggested was that we(should) start early.


His suggestion was that we (should) start early.


(2)


不同点




advise


后可以跟人称代词作宾语,而


suggest



不可以跟人称代词作宾语。故可以说 :



advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.;


advise sb. on/ about sth.; suggest(to sb.)that...


前三种结构中不可将


advise


改为


suggest


,如:



他建议我们去参观博物馆。



[



]He advised us to go to visit the museum.


[



]He suggested us to go to visit the museum.


[



]He suggested us that we go to visit the museum.



suggest


还有“暗示、表明、说、指出(一个事


实)


”的意思。此时从句中用陈述语气,不用虚拟


语气 。如:



The smile on his face suggested that he was pleased.


Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that


the


patient


was


seriously


ill.(


句中


suggest


陈述了一


个事实,故用 陈述语气。


)


比较:



Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that


the Patient be



operated


on


at


once.(


句中


suggest


表示建议该做某


事,从句中用


should


加动词原形,


should


在从句


中省略。


)


affect



=have an effect on sth.



vt.


影响(


effect n.



响)





This may affect your health.



这或许会影响你的


健康。



My throat is always affected by bad wea ther.


我的嗓


子总是受恶劣天气的影响。

< br>


afraid


1)



be afraid of+< /p>


名词”


,意为“害怕”




2




be afraid of doing sth



意为


“担心,


害怕??”




3




be afraid for


?”意为“为??担心。




4




be afraid that


?”意为“担心,恐怕”




5




be afraid to do


”意为“害怕,担心而不敢做


某事 ”




6


)< /p>


I



m afraid so/not.


恐怕是这样


/


恐怕不会这样

< p>


[


应用


]


完成句子




女孩子一


般都怕


蛇。


Girls


are


usually______



高考英语复习知识点概要




_____snakes.


②他怕把杯子打碎,因而很小心。


He


was


careful


because he was afraid______ _____the glass.














Are


you


afraid_______your safety?


④恐怕她会迷路。


I am _____



_____she


will lose


her way.


⑤汤姆把钱丢了,


也不敢告诉他母亲。


Tom lost the


money and was afraid________ ______his mother.


Key:



afraid,of



of,breaking



for



afraid,that



to tell


again


and


again


=


time


and


time


again


=


over


and


over = over and over again


再三地





The


old


man


thinks


of


his


happy


past


again


and


again.


这位老人再三地想起他幸福的过去。



age




(1)n.


年龄,时代,时期





The old man died at the age of 80/when he was 80


years of age/when he was 80 years old.


那位老人


80


岁时去世了。

< p>




He is young for his age.



就他的年龄而论,他是


年轻的。





What is the age of the church?



这座教堂多少年


了?





He was the greatest poet of the age.



他是那个时


代最伟大的诗人。





(2)vi./vt.


变老





He is aging fast. Worry ages a man.



他老得很快。


忧虑令人老!





I found him greatly aged.



我发现他老多了。



拓展:

< p>


1



adj. aged


??岁的,年老的





a


boy


aged


ten


一个


10


岁的男孩




an


aged


man


老人





(2)


人生的七期




baby



infant



child



youth



manhood

< br>→


middle


age



old age

< p>
婴儿


/0


→幼儿


7


→儿童


12


→青年


2 8


→壮年


40


→中


65


→老年



agree


同意。常用桔构:



(1)agree


on


对??取得 一致意见或达成协议


,


一般


表示原双方 共同商讨以后达成协议的名词


)


。主语


必须是两者以上。


也常用被动语态,


表示



(某事)


是大家都同意的”


。如:




They agreed on the date for the next meeting.


对下


次会议的日期他们达成了一致意见。




At last,the plan was agreed on.


最后,


这项计划通


过了。




I


don



t


agree


with


you


to


this


arrangement,


but


perhaps,


after


a


discussion


we


will


agree


on


this


project.


我不赞同 你在这件事的安排,


但或许在协商


之后我们可以就这个工程达成 共识。



(2)agree to


同意;


赞成。


to

< br>为介词,


后接表示


“建


议;办法 ;计划”等名词。




Do you agree to my plan?


你同意我的计划吗?




The


headmaster


has


agreed


to


our


suggestion


for


the holiday.


校长同意了我们度假的建议。



(3)agree with


同意;


赞 成。


后接


sb.



what


从句。



I agree with you ,but I don



t agree with what he said.


我同意你的意见,但我不同意他所说的。另外,

< p>
agree with


还有“与??相适应


/


相一致”的意思。



The climate here doesn



t agree with me .


我不适应这


里的气候。



(4)agree to do sth.


同意、答应做某事。



Do you agree to go with us if we agree to lend you


some money?


如果我们答应借钱给你,你同意和我< /p>


们一起去吗?



ahead


短语归纳



go ahead


朝前走,


请便


(同意对方继续干或同意对


方的请求)



go


ahead


(on)with


?继续;


ahead


of


在??前面,早于,优先;


ahe ad of time


提前



[


应用


]


完成句子



①他朝前走去看看发生了什么事情。


He


________


________ to see what had happened.


②我可以坐这个座位吗?请坐吧。


May


I


take


this


seat?________ _______.


③汤姆的数学比玛丽好。


Tom is ________ _______


Mary in maths.


④她比我早 到


2


个小时。


She


arrived


two


hours


_______ _______me.


< br>他














They


have


completed


the


design


_______


______


_______


_______time.


Key:



went,ahead < /p>



Go,ahead


< br>/



ahead,of



three,weeks,ahead,of


alive,liv ing,live,lively,lovely


区别



1)lovely



“可爱的”



“美好的”


如:


a lovely day



好的一天





a



lovely girl


可爱的女孩



2)alive


意为


“活着的、


有活力的”


,


是表语形容词,


可修饰人、物;



在句中做表语宾补和或后置定词,


不能用作前置定


语。如



He was alive when he was taken to the h ospital.


他被


送往医院时还活着。


Although he is old, he is still very much alive.


虽然年


老了,但他仍十分活跃。



The fish is still alive/living.


那条鱼还活着。



高考英语复习知识点概要




Keep him alive, please.


请让他活下去吧。



He is the only man alive in the acciden t.


他是事故中


惟一活着的人。



After the war , he remained alive .


战后他还活着。



Those alive will gather here.


活着的人将在此相聚。



3)living


意为“活着的、有生命的”


,主要用于作


前置定语及冠词


the


之后表示一类人,


也可用作表


语,可修饰人或物。如:



a living plant




活的植物



The living will go on with the work of the dead.


活着


的人将继续死者的工作。



all living things


所有生物



the living


在世者,活着


的人们



Latin is not a living language.


拉丁语不是现代使用


的语言。



He is still living at the age of 95.95


岁了他还活着。



4)live [laiv]



1< /p>



(动、植物)


“活的”



“有生命的”



“活生生< /p>


的,主要用来说鸟或其它动物,作前置定语;如:


a live fish


一条活鱼



a live tiger



一只活老虎



(2)


实况的,现场直播的;如:


a


live


report


现场报



a live show/broadcast/TV progr am


现场转播的表



/


实况广播


/


现场直播的电视节目



living


有精神的,活泼的,快活的,轻快的



Her grandfather is still living at the age of 93.


她爷爷


已经


93


岁了,仍然健在。



5)lively


意为“活泼的”



“有生气的”


,


生动的



“生动的”

< br>,可用作表语、定语,指人或物。如:



a lively child



活泼的孩子



a lively description



生动的描述如:



a lively mind


活跃的头脑





a lively discussion



烈的讨论



a way of making one



s classes lively




使课堂生动


的方法



He told a lively story about his life in Africa.


他讲述


了一个有关他的非洲生活的一个 生动故事。





Young children are usually lively.



年轻人通常很


活泼。



all the same adj.


都一样;无所谓(


to+n.





You can stay or leave now;It



s all the same to me.



It



s


all the same to


me whether


we



ll


go there


today or tomorrow.


adv.


仍然,还是



Thank you all the same.


all the year round


全年,一年到头



In the west coast of Canada,it rains all the year round.


allow



permit



1)


用法相同



allow / permit sb .to do sth .


允许某人做某事



allow / permit doing sth .


允许做某事。此时动词只



ing


形式。



反义词


forbid


具有同样用法。



2)


意义有异同


许多情况下可换用,只是词意的强弱上有差异。


allow


语意较弱,含有“听任”



“默许”



“不加阻


止”


的意思;


permit


语意较强,


强调


“正式认可”



“批准”的意思。如:



The nurse allowed him to remain there ,though it was


not permitted.


护士让他留在那里,虽然这时(规定)不允许的。



amaze vt.


使??惊奇



= astonish, surprise




The news amazed us greatly.


这条消息使我们感到


很惊奇。



拓展:



1



amazed


人对??感到吃惊的;


amaz ing


(某物)??信人吃惊的。





They were all amazed at the amazing news.



听到


这个令人吃惊的消息他们感到惊讶。





(2)amazement n.




to one



s amazement


令人吃惊的是





To


my


amazement,


they


have


gone


to


Xishuangbanna.



让我奇怪的是,他们去西双版纳


了。








to


one



s


happiness/excitement/sadness/puzzlement


使某人高兴的


/


兴奋的


/


伤心的


/


迷惑的是



and so on : etc


等等。用 来表示列举,但又不一一


列出。



He


knows


five


foreign


languages,


English,


French,


Japanese and so on.


他懂


5


种外语,如英语、法语、


日语等等。



announce,


explain, introduce, declare


后面不接双宾


语,若以 人作宾语常置于


to


后。如:



The


president


announced


to


the


workers


the


sad


news.


The president announced the sad news to the workers.


总裁向工人宣布了那不幸的消息。



He introduced the new comer to everyone here.


他把


新来的那个人介绍给这里的每个人。

< p>


report to sb.


向某人汇报:


report sth/ sb.


向某人


汇报


/


告诉。< /p>



[


应用


]


单句改错




The teacher explained his students how to use the


computer.



No one declared us we could not smoke here.


Key:



explain


后加


to






dec lare


后加


to



高考英语复习知识点概要




another day/the other day/some day/one day


another


day


可 表示近期将来的某一天,意为“改


天”



也可表示过去将来某一动作或状态延续的


“又


一天”


。如


:


She is coming another day instead of today.


她今天


不来,改天来。



You may do it another day.


你可以改天做这件事。



He


stayed


there


(for)


another


day/another


two


days


after I lift.

我离开后他在那又待了一天


/


两天。



the other day


相当于


a few days ago,


意为


“几天前、


某天、那天、不久前”


,句中用一般过去时。如:



I met her in the street the other day.


几天前我在街上


碰见过她。



I bought the watch the other day.


这手表我是几天前


买的。



some day


指将来


“总有一天、


有朝一日、


终将、


(日


后)某一天”


,谓语动词用一般将来时


.



:


Your wishes will come true some day.


总有一天你的


愿望会实现的。



Some day you‘ll have to pay for what you have done.



总有一天你要为你的行为而付出代价的。



one


day


可以表示“

< p>
(过去)某一天”


,谓语动词常


用一般过去式;也 可表示“


(将来)某一天”


,这时


可与


some


day


互相代替,谓语常用 一般将来时。


如:



One


day


I


went


to


see


my


first


teacher


,but


he


happened to be out.


有一天,我去看我的启蒙老师,


可碰巧他 出去了。



He will understand the teacher one day/some day.



来有 一天,他会理解老师的。



anxious, eager


两个词均有“渴望,急于”之意。


anxious

< p>
着重指


焦急、着急或担心;而


eager


着重指对成功的期望


或进取的热情。


两者都多用 作表语,


其主语通常是


人,不能以无生命的事物作主语。对比:



He is eager to join the army.


他渴望参军。



He is anxious to know whether he has been chosen.


他急于知道是否被选上了。



常用搭配:




be


anxious


to


do


sth.


渴望急切地做某事;


be


anxious for


渴望(了解、得到)




be anxious about


担心,对??感到不安




be eager to do sth.


急切地想做某事;



be eager for (about, after)


渴望,渴求,



be eager for your help


渴望得到你的帮助;



be eager about peace


渴望和平



①学生们都急切地想知道考试结果。



The


students


________


________


________


________ the results ofthe examination.


②那个小男孩渴望得到一台新录音机。


The


little


boy was ________ ________a new recorder.















I

< br>’


m


________


________my son



s health.


④他殷切


希望女儿



成功。


He


is


__________


_________ his daughter



s success.


Key:



are,


anxious(eager),to


,know

< p>


anxious(eager)



for



anxious, about



eager, for(about, after)


apologize for doing sth.


apologize


是不及物动词,意为“道歉”


,其 表达式


为“


apologize to sth.



。如:



You must apologize to your sister for being so rude.


它的名词形式是


apology,


复数形式是


apologizes.


make


one



s


apologies


to


sb.


for


sth.=


make


an


apology to sb. for sth.


如:



He make his apologies to me for coming late.


appear


As a result, it appered to scientists on earth that the


stars had moved.


因此,地球上的科学家看来 ,恒星


好像是移动了。



句型:


It


appears/seems(to


sb.)


+that



clause.


看来


/


似乎是??




It appears to me that something is wrong.


我看好像


有点不大对头。




It appears that he will the prize.


看来他会得笑。



appear;seem;look


appear, seem, look


都有“看起来似??”之意,但


其暗含意 思和用法又各有不同。



从意义上讲:



(1)appear


强调外表给人的印象,有时含实质上并


非如此的意思,如:



He appears to know more than he really does



他看起


来好像懂得很多。


(其实懂 得没有那么多)



(2)seem


暗示 有一定根据的判断,这种判断往往接


近事实,如:



His


health


seems


to


be


better.


他的健康状况似乎有


所好转。



(3)look


着重由视觉得出的印象,如:



He doesn



t look his age.


他看起来比实际年龄年轻


(或老成)




从用法上讲:


< /p>


seem



appear


后可加



(to + be)+


表语


(adj.



n.



prep.)


+to v.


It + ~ +(that)


从句如:



高考英语复习知识点概要




He seems/appears



to be



very sad today.=It seems


that he is very sad today.


It seems like years since I saw you last time.


He seems a kind doctor.



=It seems that he is a kind


doctor.




He


seems/appears


to


have


caught


a


cold.=It


seems/appears that he has caught a cold.


look


当“看起来似乎?和


as if


从句。如:



He looks strong.


She looks like her mother.


It looks as if we are going to miss the train.


?”


讲时,


可接形容词、 过去分词、名词、介词短语



area; district



1



are a


表示“地区、区域”


,是普通用词,暗示

一个较大的,


可能是没有清楚界限的地区,


不能用


来指行政上的地理单位。如:



The old man lives in a mountain area.


这位老人生活


在山东。



This is a less developed area.


这是个欠发达地区。



Most of the large land areas are connec ted.


多数大块


陆地是相连的。


< /p>



2



dist rict


表示“区、地区、区域”


,指为行政管


理或选举之目的所分的区。


在同一城市,


各种性质


不同的区域也叫


district


。如:< /p>



Where is the District of Col umbia?


哥伦比亚特区在


什么地方?



The old man used to work in the jin- Cha-Ji Military


District.


那位老 人曾经在晋察冀军区工作。



The northeast part of the city is the residential district.


这城市的东北部是住宅区。



Arm


take…in one‘s arms



该结构意为“拥抱”


。如:



He


went


into


classroom,


taking


some


books


in


his


arms.


As a child


?


.:As/When he was a chi ld


?,


小的时候,


该句型中的


as


为连词,意为“在??的时候”


,引


导时间状语从句。


当从句与主句主语一致,


且从句


谓语为


be


时,可将从句主语及


be


省略。




Even as(he was)a student,Professor Smith showed


great


interest


in


maths .


甚至上学的时候,史密斯教


授对数学就很感兴趣。

< p>



As(he was)a boy,he liked playing table tennis with


the grown-ups.


小时候,


他就喜欢和大人们打乒乓球。< /p>


as a result


作为结果,


结 果


(发生某情况)



可置于

< p>
句首,也可置于句末



She


got


up


very


early.


As


a


result,


she


was


able


to


catch the early bus.


她起得很早,


因此她赶上了早班


车。



He has won the game. He is in high spirits as a result.


他赢了比赛,所以他精神高昂。



He runs every day .As a result , he has lost weight .



每天跑步,结果他减肥了。



as a result of


作为??的结果,


as a result of


??的


结果是



As a result of exercise , he has built up his health.



The flight was delayed as a result of typhoon.


该次


班机因台风而延误



result in = lead to


导致,造成??结果,如:



Hard


work


results


in


success.


努力终归成功。


(=


Success results from hard work.


成功来自努力


)


Hard work results in success.


勤奋才会成功。



result from


由??产生的结果,如:



Success results from hard work.


成功来自勤奋。



His illness resulted from overwork.



他的病起因于


操劳过渡。



as…as



as many as


和??一样多


/


多达;


as much as


和??


一样多


/


多达(注意:


many


指可 数的量,


much



不可数词的量)



as


high


as


和??一样高


/


高达;


as thick as


和??一样厚


/


厚达;


as long as

< p>
一样长


/


长达


;as


deep


as


一样深


/


深达;


as


early


as


一样早


/


早在??时候,如:



We have as many books as they.


我们的书和他们的


一样多。


/The


great


fire


burned


down


as


many


as


twenty bu ildings.


大火烧毁的大楼多达


20

座。



[


应用

]


汉译英



①新桥与旧桥一样长。


/


这种鱼可长到长达


15


英尺。



②这座山和远处的另一座一样高。


/


这座山高达


4000


米。



Key:



The new bridge is as long as the old one./The


kind of fish can grow as long as 15 feet.



This


mountain


is


as


high


as


another


one


in


the


distance./This mountain is as high as 4,000 metres.


as


?


as possible:as


?


as one can


尽可能地??


.



I



ll


come


back


as


soon


as


possible.


我尽可能


地??




Get up as early as possible tomorrow morning.



天早晨尽量早起。



as...as...


用法小结




1



...as +


形容词(副词)原级


+as...;not


as/so+



容词(副词)原级

+as...


Their


factory


is


as


large


as


ours.


他们的工厂和我们< /p>


的一样大。



I study as hard as you.


我和你一样用功学习。



He doesn



t get up as/ so early as his parents.


他不像



高考英语复习知识点概要




他父母那样早起床。




2


)??倍数



+



as +


形容词(副词)原级


+as...


Line AB is 3 times as long as Line CD.=Line AB is


twice longer than/3 times the length of Line CD.


线段

AB


是线段


CD


长的


3


倍。




3



as +


形容词



+ a/an +


单数可数名词



+ as; as


+


形容词


+


复数名词



+ as


She is as good many records as possible.


我们需要尽< /p>


量多的唱片。



There is as much sugar in it as eight pieces of sugar.


其中的含糖量相当于八块方糖。



I have



t got as much money as I thought.


我没有原来


想象的那么多钱。




5



as much/ many as


多达??,??那么多



On


Sports


Day,


during


the


relay


race,


you


will


use


most of all, perhaps as much as 650 calories an hour.


在运动会上,


进行接力赛跑时,


你消耗的能量最多,


可能每小 时多达


650


卡。



As


many


as


700


different


languages


are


spoken


in


Africa.


非洲有多达


700


种不同的语言。



He didn



t catch as many as he



d hoped.


他没有捉


住预想的那么多。



6



as...as possible; as... as one can



The


teacher


should


write


the


words


on


the


blackboard


as


carefully


as


he


can.


=The


teacher


should write the words on the blackboard as carefully


as


possible.


老师在黑板上应尽可能仔细地把字写


好。



Please


be


as


friendly


as


possible


to


your


friends.=Please


be


as


friendly


as


you


can.


请对你的


朋友尽可能友好。




7



as...as +


年代数字


/


名词



As early as 1950 I knew him.


早在


1950


年我就认识


他了。



He walked as far as the post office.


他步行到邮局。



(< /p>


8



as/so far as I know


As/ So for as I know, he will be away from home for


3 months.


就我所知,他将要离家


3


个月。




9



as soon as


—??就??



Please let us know as soon as you arrive in Bejing.



到北京,请通知我们一 声。




10



as well as


和;也;还有



He gave me money as well as advice.


他除了给我忠< /p>


告外,还给我钱。



He studies French as well as English.


他不但学习 英


语,而且学习法语。



< p>
11



as/so long as


只要;如果



You may use that dictionary as long as you take care


of it.


只要你好好保存,你可以用那本词典。



as a matter of fact=in fact


事实上、实际上??



It


seems


easy,but


as


a


matter


of


fact,it‘ll


take


us


a


long time to work it out.


这道题貌似简单,实际上要解出的话很费时间。



区别下列用法



1)as(so)far as


和??一样远,


远至


(原级比较或表


示距离)


;就??来讲



2)as(so)long


as


和??一样长(原级比较)


;只 要


(引导条件



状语从句)



3



as well as

< p>
和??一样好;既??也??(连接


并列成分)



4



as good as


和??一样好;事实上(作状语)



[


应用


]


完成句子

< br>


①他们实际上已经答应帮助我们了。


They


have


________ _______ ______ promised to help us.


②油漆后的这辆自行车和新的一样。


Painted,


this


bike is _______ _____ ______ a new one.


③小李英语说得和汉语一样好。


Xiao


Li


speaks


English______ ______ _____ she speaks Chinese.


④他和他的父母对我都很好。


He


_______


______


______his parents is kind to me.


⑤晚饭后我们一直到走山脚下。


After


supper


we


walked______ _____ ______the foot of the hill.


⑥就我所知,他将离开两个月。


______


______


______I know, he



ll be away for two months.


⑦只要努力,你一定会成功。


________


________


_______you work hard, you



ll succeed in time.


⑧这座新建的桥据说和旧的一样长。


This newly




built


bridge


is


said


to


be


_____


____



___the


old


one.


Key:


①②


as


good


as;


③④


as


well


as



as


far


as



As, far,as



As/so,long,as



as,long,as


as if


可用


as though


替换,在 此引导表语从句,另


外它们也可引导状语从句,从句既可用陈述语气,

< br>也可用虚拟语气。如:




It looks as if /though it



s going to rain.


(陈述语


气)




You look as if you



d seen a ghost.


(虚拟语气)



as


is


the


case


with


=


as


with


??就和??的情况


一样





As is the case with his mother, he is fond of music.


跟母亲一样,他喜欢音乐。





As


with


human,


animals


also


love


their


babies.


同人一样,动物也爱它们的幼仔。



as good as


as good as


作为固定词组意为“几乎一样”



“实际

< p>






高考英语复习知识点概要




上等于”


,作为同级比较结构,意为 “和??一样


好”


。如:




He


is


as


good


at


English


as


me.



My


bike


is


as


good as yours.


?


as it is



该固定词组表达意思是


“就以


(现在)


这个样子,



“根据现在的情况”

< br>。



如:


He decided to buy the house as it is.


as long as/so long as


只要





(1)


引导条件状语从句





You may borrow the book as / so long as you keep


it clean.



只要你不把书弄脏,你就可以借。



You will succeed so long as you work hard.



只要你


努力就会成功。





As


long


as


you


study


hard,


you



ll


make


great


progress.


只要你努力学习,你就会取得很大进步。





(2)


和??一样长





This


rope


is


as


long


as


that


one.


这条绳子和那条


一样长。





This bridge isn



t so/as long as that one.


这座桥和


那座不一样长。





(3)


长达??(表时间)





The old couple have been living in the small town


as long as 50 years.


这对老夫妇已在这个小城镇里住了长达


50


年。



as well/ as well as


as well


表示“ 也”


,是副词短语,用作状语,通常


放在句末,也可放在主语之 后,相当于


too,


但一般


无标点符号 与句子隔开


.as


well


as


通常看作一个


复合并列连词


,


连接两个成分相同的词、短语或句


子,表示“既??又??,不但??而 且??”当


它连接两个主语时,


谓语动词的人称和数要与第一< /p>


个主语保持一致。如:



The children learn to read, write and they play games


as well.


孩子们学习读书写字,他们也做游戏。



With television,we can see a picture as


well as


hear


soun d.


利用电视


,


我们既能听到声音


,


又能看到图像


.


Tom,as well as his parents,likes pop mu sic.


汤姆以及


他的父母都喜欢流行音乐。

< br>


as;which


引导定语从句异同



as,


which


都能引导限制性或非限制性的定语从句。



(1)


在引导限制性定语从句时;


< /p>



which


从句修饰的先行词是名词( 词组)



which


可与


that


换用,作宾语时可省去。如:



Then


grow


some


tomatoes


in


one


box


which


has


plant food in the soil and some in another box which


doesn‘t.



But the studios(which)he started are still busy today,


producing more and more interesting films.



as< /p>


从句的


先行




the


same/such




the


same/such


修饰;


as


可作主、宾、表语,一律不可

< p>
省略。如:


Many of the sports were the same as they


are now.



as


作表语)



He uses the same map as I (use).


他和我用的是同一


份地图。



as


作 宾语)



Such as beautiful park as is being built was designed


by


two


young


enginee rs.


正在建造的如此漂亮的公


园是由两个年轻的工程师设计的 。



as


作主语)


The


printed


newspaper


was


not


such


as


the


chief


editor


had


expected.


印好的报纸并非如主编原来


所期望的那样。



as


作宾 语)



(2)


在引导非限制性定语从句 时,


as,which


都可作主、


宾、 表语,都不可省去。




which< /p>


从句补充说明先行词的用途、


性质、


状态 、


特征等。如:



At


present,the


biggest


nature


park


for


milu


deer


in


China is in the Nanhaizi Milu Park,which is about 20


kilometres south of Beijing.(


位置


)


China Daily has plenty of advertisements, which help


to cut


the costs of making the newspaper.(


用途


)


One


of


Charile


Chaplin



s


most


famous


films


was



The Gold Rush



,which was made in 1925.(


时间


)


Now, however,the


maters


of this


great


lake,which is


also the


World‘s deepest(over 1,740 metres),have been dirtied


by waste



from a chemical factory.(


特征


)



which


从句还可表示说话人的看法,


也可对主句










which=and


it/


this/


that/


they; which


代表的是先行词、


主句或主句的一部分;

< p>
which


从句只能放在先行词或主句后。如:



He


said


she


could


speak


4


foreign


languages,


which(=and


it)is


not


true.


他说她会四门外语 ,这是


不可能的。


(说话人看法,


wh ich


代表宾语从句部


分)



比较:


He said she could speak 4 foreign languages,


which(=and that)surprised every one of us.


他说她会


四门外语,


这使我们每个人都很惊讶。



补充主句,


which


代表主句)



Leaves


are


turning


yellow,


which


means


autumn


is


coming.



树叶正在变黄,< /p>


这意味着秋天就要来了。



< p>
as


也可代表先行词、主句或主句一部分。但


as



“正如”


的意义,

< br>其从句可放在主句前或后,


如:



The Nanjing Changjiang River Bridge,as we all know,


was compl-


高考英语复习知识点概要




eted


in


1969.


我们都知道南京长江大桥,它建成于


一九六九年。



as


代表先行词)



To


shut


your


eyes


to


facts,


as


many


of


you


do,


is


foolish.(



)


你 们许多人(所做的那样)对事实视而


不见是愚蠢的。



as


代表主语部分)





As we know, the earth is round.



我们知道,地球


是圆的。



ask for


要求,请求



ask sth.


向(某人)请求(要求)??



She asked for some advice on how to


learn English


well.


at


表示速度、价格、利率



at a high/low price


以高价


/;


低价;


at 40 miles an hour


以每小时


40


英里的速度;


at a high/low speed


以高



/


慢速;


at


an


ordinary


speed


以普通速度;


at


full/top speed


以全速


/


高速;

< p>
at a speed of


以??速


度。



[


应用


]


完成句子

< br>


①公司决定以较低的价格将这批电视卖掉。



The


company


decided


to


sell


the


TV


sets


_




__


_


__ __




_











②火车 正以每小时


150


英里的速度前进。



The


train


was


running


______


_____


______


_______150 miles an hour .


Key:



at, a, low, price



at,a, speed,of



at+


名词”表示“在进行,从事”



at work


在工作;


at table


在吃饭;


at play


在做游戏;


at


sea


出海;


at


university/ college


在上学


;at


night


school


在上夜校;


at


dinner/table


在吃饭;


at


peace


处于和平状态;


at war


在交战,在打仗



[

< p>
应用


]


完成句子。



①别人在工作,不要吵闹。


Don



t make any noise


while others are ______ ________.


②孩子们在游戏,而他们的父母正在吃饭。



The


children


were


______


________


while


their


parents were_______ _______.


Key:



at, work



at,play,at,dinner


at last, in the end, finally


三者均有“最后、终于”的含义。



f inally


常用于动词之前,


表示人们长期以来期待的


某事最后实现了,


也可指一系列事物或论点的顺序。

< br>例如:




fter putting it off three times,we finally managed to


have a holiday in Greece.


经过三 次延期之后


,


我们终


于在希腊度了一次 假。




hey


talked


about


it


for


y,they


decided


not to go.


他们谈论了几个小时,最后决定不去。



at last


有时可与


final ly


互换,


但往往用于一番拖延


或曲折 之后,语气更强烈。例如:



When at last they found him, he was almost dead.



人们最终找到他时,他已经奄奄一息了。



James has passed his exams at last.


詹姆斯终于通过


了考试。



in


the


end


指经过许多变化、困难的捉摸不定的情


况之后,某事才发生。例如:

< p>


We made five different


plans for our holiday, but in


the end we had a summer camp again.


我们制订了五


种不同的度假方案,


但最后我们还 是选定了再来一


次夏令营活动。



at (the) least


至少;最少。反义词组为


at (the)most


至多;最多。




Mr Smith looks older than his real fact,he is


at (the)most 40 years old.


史密斯先生很显老,实际


上他最多


40


岁。




Oh,


really?I


thought


he


was


50


years


old


at


(the)least.


噢,真 的吗?我以为他至少


50


岁了。



at the beginning of


在??初(开头)


,可指时间与


空间。如:



at the beginning of term


在学期开始



at the beginning of the book


在那本书的开头



at the beginning


单独用时间


at first


,也可说


in the


beginning.


比较:


at the end of


在??末(尽头)








at the


end


在末尾处



in the end


最终,同


at last








in the middle of


在??中期



from beginning to end


从头至尾



at the doctor‘s



该结构为介词


+


名词所有格,意为“在诊所”

< br>。所


有格


-


< br>s


后一般接名词,如


her mother



s bike ,


但< /p>


有时这个名词可省略,主要表现在以下两个方面:



①指一个企业,机构,教堂,学校,医院,家庭,


理发店,店铺时。如:



She is at the hairdresser‘s.



②为了避免重复,省略


-



s


后的名词。如 :



I


have


read


so


me


of


Shaw‘s


plays,but


none


of


Shakespeare‘s.



at the last moment


在最后关头



at the moment


此刻;


正在那时



for a moment


片刻;


一会儿


for the moment


目前,暂时


in a moment



刻,马上



at the top of


在??的顶部,上方



at the top of a mountain


在山顶



She is (at)the top of her class in French.


at the top of one



s voice


高声地,尖声地



at war




高考英语复习知识点概要




该介宾词组意思是“处于战争或交战状态”


。在句


中常作表语。如:



The Iraq are at war again.


at, with, through


表原因



三个介词都可 表示原因,


at


表示听到或看到的原因;


(2)vt.


尝试;企图。




She attempted to learn Japanese.


她试图学习日语。




The


prisoner


attempted


an


esca pe.


那犯人企图逃


走。



out of = keep sth.(sb.)out of

不使入内;


不牵


with


表示人体 外部的原因;


through


强调自身的原


因。如:


be sad at the news


听了这个消息而悲伤;


be


frightened


at


the


sight


看了那个情景而害怕;


ju mp


up


with


joy


高兴地跳了起来;


turn


red


with


anger


气得脸红;


shake


with


cold/fear


冻得< /p>


/


害怕得


发抖;


with


pleasure


高兴地;


with


pride


骄傲地;


with satisfaction


满意地;


make the mistake through


his carelessness


由于粗心而出错;


be put into prison


through no fault of his own


没有任何罪过被关进监


狱。



[


应用


]


汉译英



①听到这个消息,全国人民处于悲哀之中。



②孩子们高兴地跳了起来。



③由于大意他犯了这个错误。



Key:



At


the


news,


the


whole


country


was


in


deep


sorrow.



The children jumped up with joy.



He made the mistake through his carelessness.


at work; out of work; after work


这三个以


work


为中心词的介词短语,在意思和用


法上均不相同。



(1)at work


表示


“在工作、


在上班”



作表语或状语 。


例如:



They are both at work today.


今天他们俩都在上班。



His father had an accident at work last week.


上周的


父亲在工作时出了事故。


(2)out of work


表示“失业”

< p>
,是介词短语,相当于


lost one



s job



be unemployed


。例如:



If you don



t work hard, you



ll be out of work.


如果


你不好好工作就会失业。



You



ll be out of work if you keep coming late.


如果

< br>你老是迟到,你会失业的。



(3)after wor k


表示“下班后”


,作时间状语。例如:



What do you usually do after work?


下班后你经常干


什么?



I visited Mr Liu after work yesterday.< /p>


昨天下班后我


看望过刘先生。



attempt


(1)n.


尝试;企图。




He made an attempt to learn to ski.


他尝试着学滑


雪。




He failed in attempt at climbing up the mountain.


他企图爬上这座山,却失败了。



涉进去。




Warm clothing will keep the cold out.


保暖的衣服


可御寒。




Keep out of their quarrels.


不要参与他们争吵。



attention



短语



pay attention to sth.



注意某事



draw one



s attention(to sth.)



引起某人的注意



be worth one



s attention



值得某人注意



bring one



s attention to sth.



叫某人注意某事



average


短语归纳



average


可用作名词,


表示< /p>


“平均数,


一般水平”



也可作形容词,表示“平均的”


。如:



the


average


of


the


pay


平均工资;


above/below


the


average


平均以上< /p>


/


以下;



the average age of the girls


姑娘的平均年龄;



the average temperature


平均气温;



on(an,the)average


平均起来



[


应用


]


完成句子



①这个厂的工人平均每月收入


700


元。


____ ______



one worker in this factory gets 700 yuan


every month.


②他的功课一般以上。


He is_________ _________


in his lessons.


Key:



On,


average






above,


average


awake,wake


awake


用作及物或不及物动词,表示“叫醒,唤


醒;醒来”


;而


wake

< br>表示相同意义时,必须与


up


连用,对比:



The noise awoke me./The noise woke me up.


嗓音把我闹醒。



She usually awakes at six in the morning./She usually


wakes up at six in the morning.


她通常早上


6


点醒。



注意:


awake


不与


up


连用;


wa ke


up


的宾语是人


称代词时必须 置于两个词之间。误:


wake


up


him


正:


wake him up



awake


还可用作形容词,


只用作表语或后置定语,


不能用作前置定语。其反义词是

< p>


asleep.


如:



Is he awake or asleep?


他睡着了还是醒着?



Anyone


awake


heard


the


sound.< /p>


任何醒着的人都听


到了那个声音。



注意:


wide/fully awake


完全醒着;


sound/fast/deeply


asleep


熟睡


< br>[


应用


]


完成句子





高考英语复习知识点概要











< br>亲








When


he_______,his mother was beside him.


②我彻夜未眠,一直在考虑这个问题。


I


have


lain_______all night thinking of the problem.


③他突然醒了,好象有人叫他的名字。


He


______


_______suddenly,as if someone had called his name.


④她睡着的时候谁也叫不醒他。


No one can_______


_______ ________when she is asleep.


Key:



awoke



awake



woke up



wake,her,up


battle, war, fight, struggle


war


指战争的总体;


battle



war


中的战斗或战役;


fight


指具体的人与人之间或动物之间的争斗;


struggle


指长时间、激烈的争斗,多指肉体、精神


上的战斗。对比:



We have had two world wars in this century.


本世纪


已有两次世界大战。



They were wounded in the battle.


他们在战斗中受了


伤。



We have started a fight against pollution.


我们已开


始了一场消除污染的斗争。



His life was a hard struggle with sickn ess.


他一生跟


疾病作了艰苦的斗争。



[


应用


]


英译汉




in time of war













be at war



declare war on


?④


fight a battle



give/offer


battle










have


a


hand-to-hand


fight


Key:


①战时②交战,在打仗



③对??宣战④打一仗挑战



⑤肉搏战



伴随状语可用现在分词也可用过去分词



He


put


a


finger


in


his


mouth,


tasted


it


and


smiled,


looking rather pleased.


本句有三个并列谓语,


looking


部分为伴随状语。



例题




1



He held up his finger ,_______ a face and


nodded his head.A



making






B. made


答案:


B.


此题有


and


,需连接并列结构,所填词


的形式应与 前后保持一致。



2)


He


sat


there


in


silence,


_______sad


and


doing


nothing.A.


looking






















B.


looked


答案:


A.


此题


and


之后


ing


形式,


其前面也应该用


ing


形式,而不能与前面的


sat

< p>
并列。



3)He


sat


there


in


silence


,______




答案:


A.


此题才是在逗号之后,需要伴随状误。



4)He


set


out


early,


________


there


on


time


.ng





















B.


and


arrived


答案:


B.


此题两种选项从形式看都有可能,


但根 据


意思看,


“到达”并不伴随“出发”的动作,而是

< p>
明显地有先有后。



5)He


made


a


smile,


_____


with


the


result.



A.


satisfying












B. satisfied


答案:


B .


伴随状语可用现在分词也可用过去分词,


此处表示“感到满意 ”的一种状态,而


satisfying


表示令人满意的,


此时的


satisfied


是过去分词,< /p>



不是过去式。



be about to do sth.


正要、

< p>
即将做某事。


是将来时的


一种表达方式,表示最近 的将来。




I was about to go to bed when he called.


我正要去


睡觉,这时他打来了电话。




When I saw Tom, he was about to get on the bus.


我看到汤姆,他正要上汽车。



注意:


be about to


通常 不用于带有具体时间状语的


句子,但可用


be going to


表示。




Hurry up! They are about to start.


快点!他们就要


走了。




Hurry up! They are going to start at 10 o



clock.

< br>快


点!


10


点钟他们就要走了。



be ahead of



该词组有两层意思,一是“优于”



“超过”


;二是


“比??早”



“在??的前面”


。如:



He is well ahead of all the other students in English.


be angry with sb.


生某人的气。



be angry at/about sth.


因某事而生气。




Don



t be angry with me for my being late?


不要因< /p>


为我迟到而生我的气。




What are you angry about?


你生什么气?




He was angry at being kept waiting for so long.



他等了这么久, 他很生气。



be certain…; be sure



be uncertain about

< p>
意思是


“对??不确定


(没把握)




uncertain


的词 根是


certain,


意思是“确信的,有把

< br>握的”


,常用于以下结构:



(1)be certain(sure) to do sth.

“肯定会做??”


(表示


某事将要发生)

< br>。如:



He is certain(sure) to come next Sunday.


(2)be certain(sure) of/ about sth.



确信、


有把握”


(表


示某个人的思想 状态)


。如:



We are certain/ sure of victory.


(3)




名词从句作主语时,一般多用










certain.


It is certain that he will come.


be different from


与??不同





Your idea is different from mine.



你的想法和我


的不同。






高考英语复习知识点概要




对比:


make sb./ sth. different from


使某人


/


某物不同

< p>
于??





Her special accent makes her different from others.



她特殊的口音使她与众不同。



be familiar with,be familiar to


be familiar with


的主语是有生命的事,意为“某人


对人、事熟悉”



be familiar to

< p>
的主语是无生命的


事物,意为“某人


/

< p>
事为某人所熟悉”


,对比


:He


is


very familiar with the names of plants in English.



很熟悉植物的英语名称。


Suzhou and Hangzhou are


familiar to many foreigners.


苏州和杭州为许多外国


人所熟悉。



I



m


not


familiar


with


European


history./European


history is not familiar to me.


我对欧洲历史不太熟悉。



注意:


be familiar with/to




还表示“精通、通晓”



如:


French is as familiar to him as English.


他对法语


就象对英语一样精通 。



[


应用


]


一句多译①这些事实是每个学生都熟悉的。


②她精通

< p>
4


种语言。



Key:



These


facts


are


familiar


to


every


schoolboy./Every


shoolboy


is


familiar


with


these


facts.



She


is


familiar


with


four


languages./Four


languages are familiar to her.


be filled with = be full of


充满,装满如:



The bottle is filled with water .


瓶子里装满了水。



注意:


Filled with courage , he went into the cave .




filled


表示“充满了的”指处于一种状态。



比较:


be crowded with


挤满的,



be filled with



所不同。如:



The room is crowded with guests.


房间里挤满了客人。



此外,


fill


作为动词可用其主动形式,亦可构成另


外短语。如:



Fill the bottle with sand .


把瓶子装满沙子。



Fill in the blanks .


填空。



be full of


?→


be filled with


?充满?




The classroom was full of s tudents.


教室里挤满了


学生。




Her eyes were full of tears.


她眼泪汪汪的。



be


likely


to


易于??;有可能的


.


< p>
后跟动词不定


式,往往用在一时的情形。



I


shall


be


likely


to


catch


cold


if


I


go


out


tonight


without my overcoat.


如果今晚不穿大衣 出去,我会


感冒的。





Is that magazine likely to interest you?



那本杂志


对你有吸引力吗?



be of


?结构小结



(1)be of +


表示年龄


(< /p>


age




大小



size




颜色



color

< br>)



重量(


weight



、高度(


height


、价格(


price



、意


见(


opinion



、形状(


shape


< p>
、种类(


kind


)和方


法(


way


)等名词,说明主语的特征,


of


表示“具


有”之意,有时可省去。例如:



They are both of middle height.


他俩都是中等个儿。



When I was of your age, I was a teacher .


当我是你这


个年龄时,我当老师了。



These


flowers


are


of


different


colo rs.


这些花朵颜色


不同。



Tom is of a different way of thinking.< /p>


汤姆的思维方


式与别人不同。



注意:此结构中,如果


of


后面的名词前有不定 冠



a/an


,则

a/an=the same.


例如:



The two boys are of an/the same age.


这两个男孩同


龄。



These bottles are of a/the same size.


这些瓶子大小一


样。



(2)be of +


物质名词,表示主语是由某材料制成或


某成分构成,相当于


be


made


of,


be


built


of



be


made up of


等。例如:



The necklace is(made)of glass.


这项链是玻璃制的。



The bridge is (built)of stone.


这桥是由石头构筑的。



Our class is (made up)of over 50 students.


我班有


50


多个 学生。



(3)be of +


抽象名词


(如


value, importance,use, help


等)


< p>
of


表示“具有、具备”等意思,


of

< p>
不能省,


这一结构相当于


be+

< br>该抽象名词相应的形容词。



如:



They


are


of


great


help/


very


helpful


to


learners


of


Engli sh.


他们对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。



In fact, sports and games can be of great value/very


valuable.


事实 上体育运动是很有价值的。



The book is of no use/useless to us.


这书对我们无用。


It


is


of


great


importance/very


important


to


study


English.


学习英语很重要。



因此,根据上述


(1),(2)


点可以 看出,课文句中第一



be of


结 构表示


“具有”



第二个


be of(


承前省去


be)


表示“由??制成的”


。全句汉语意思为:


“硬


币的大小、


重量、


形状可能各不相同,


并由不同的


金属制成。




be on


on


表明所处的状态, 意为“为?工作,在??服


务”


可用


b e a member of, work for, belong to


替换。



I



m on the school team.


我属于校队。



She is on Times newspaper.


她在时代报社工作。


< br>[


应用


]


完成句子,上下句同意




Which


team


do


you


belong


to


?Which


team______you_____?



高考英语复习知识点概要





She


is


a


member


of


the


city


______


______ the city team.


Key:



are,on



is, on


be out; put out


be out


指“


(灯、火)熄灭”


,强调状态。



put



out


意为“熄灭、扑灭”


,强调动作。如:



Is the fire out ?


Office


workers


tried


to


put


out


the


fire,


but


it


was


impossible to control it.


be remembered as


?作为??而被人们怀念



He will always be remembered as a national hero.


be seated


意为


“坐下”< /p>



=sit down



,


是正式用语,



sit down


是非正式用语。



如:


Please be seated, ladies and gentlemen.


be up to


to


是介词,


后接名词、


代词或动名词。


这一短语有


以下几个常用意思:


< p>


1


)从事于、忙于,有时含有“密谋干坏事”之


意。如:



What is he up to now?


他现在在干什么?



He is up to no good.


他没干好事。




2


)由??负责,常用


It

作主语。如:



It



s up to you to decide whether to go or not.


是去还


是不去由你决定。



It



s up to us to give them all the help we can.


我们理


应尽力帮助他们。


< /p>



3


)胜任、适于。如:



He is not up to his work.


他不胜任他的工作。



(< /p>


4


)直到、以至。如:



up to now


直到现在



Between


the


hours


of


midnight


and


6


a.m.



the


hurricane


crossed


the


southeast


corner


of


England


with


winds


of


up


to


160km/h.


从午夜时分到清晨


6


点之间,


飓风横扫英格兰的东南角,


风速高达每小


< p>
160


公里。



because;because of


二者均表示“因为”


,区别是:



because


是从属连词引导原因状语从句;


because


of


是一个合 成介词,其后接名词、代词、动名词



what


从句组成介词短语。如


:


I went back not because of the rain,but because I was

< br>tired.


我回去不是因为下雨,而是因为我累了。



Her face turned red because of what he said.


他的话


使她脸红了。



become experienced at


对??有经验



experienced adj.


有经验的,老练的



be experienced in


He‘s very experienced in money matters.



experience n.


经验,体验(


in(of)/doing




My father has ten year‘s experience in teaching.



beeline n.


两地之间的直线;


捷径


(指蜜蜂采蜜后径


直飞向蜂房,这条路叫


beeline





1



make


a


beeline


for


sb./s p.


走近路;走直路;


向??直行





As


soon


as


the


meeting


was


over,


he


made


a


beeline for the pub.


会议一结束,


他就直接上了酒吧。





If


you


want


to


catch


up


with


them,


you‘d


better


make a beeline for them.


如果你想赶上他们,你最好抄近路去。




2



in a beeline


成直线地,笔直地





The pupils went to the museum in a beeline.




子们直接走向博物馆。



believe in



=trust/trust in


)信赖;信任;信仰





Tom is honest. I believe in him.



汤姆很诚实,我


信赖他。





He doesn



t believe in anybody in the world.




这个世界上,他不相信任何人。





We believe in socialism.



我们信仰社会主义。




We believe in Marxism.



You can believe in him.



We believe in our government.


对比:


believe sb.


相信某人的话是真的。



I believe what he said this time though he often tells


lies.


尽管他经常撒谎,可这次我相信他的话 是真的。



belong to


属于



无被动结构,


也不用进行时态。


下列单词和词组也


无被动形式:< /p>


appear, disappear, happen, take place,


break out


等。



The house belongs to him.


这所房子归他所有。


The


book belongs to my deskmate.


这本书是我同位的。



besides


作为副词,意思是“还有,而且”

< p>


moreover



, 常


放在句首。如:



I


don


?t


want


to


go


out


for


a


walk.


Besides,


I‘m


feeling tired.


beyond,prep.


(场所)



(向)

??的一边,


越过??,


(程度)


超出;


(时间)


,超过(


Δ

< p>
常用于否定句)


;除??


之外,??以外。




Go


about


200


metres


beyond


the


house


and


you


will find the hotel on the left.



I want to buy a bag beyond these clothes.


blow


①用作动词,表示“吹风,刮风”

< br>。如:



blow


hard( strongly)


风刮得很大;


blow


away


the


高考英语复习知识点概要




leaves


吹走树叶;


blow down(over)trees


把树刮倒;


blow


in


much


dust


吹进灰尘;


blow


off


one



s


hat


吹掉帽子;


blow


out


the


candle


吹灭蜡烛;


blow < /p>


open(


风吹


)


开;


blow up


爆炸



②用作名词,


表示


“打击,

一击”



如:


be a great blow


to sb.


对某人是个巨大的打击;


give sb.a heavy blow


on the head


重重地打某人的头。



【应用】完成句子



①他妻子之死对他是一大打击。


His


wife



s


death


was _______ _________ ________ ______him.







< br>被







I


_______my


hat


__________ ___________.




③风刮得厉害,


门吹开了。


The wind was ________


__________ and the door ________.








人< /p>









The


soldiers


__________ __________the enemy



s bridge.


Key:



a


,great,


blow,


to







had,


blown,


off



blowing, hard, blew, open





blew, up


block < /p>


①用作名词,意为“块;街区;阻塞。


”如:


a block of ice/stone/wood


一大块冰


/


石头


/

< br>木头;


two


blocks


两个街区;


a block in traffic/a traffic block



通堵塞。



②用作动词,表示“阻塞,阻拦”


。如:



be blocked by the heavy snow


被大雪堵塞,


block the


entrance


堵塞入口;


Blo ck!(


路标


)


此路不通!

< p>


【应用】完成句子



①道路被人群挤得水泄不通。


The


road_______


_______with crowds of people.



< br>家













The


hotel


is


__________ _________ __________.


③他们用石块将洞口堵住。


They ________ (up)the


entrance to the cave with big rocks.














Someone


is


_________our plan.


Key:



was,


blocked





two,


blocks,away



blocked




blocking


倍数的表示法



1


)?


times as


?


as


“??是??的几倍”




Asia is four times as large as Europe.


亚洲的大小是


欧洲的


4


倍。



2


)?


times +


形容词


/


副词比较级


+tha t:


The


new


building


is


four


times


higher


than


the


old


one.

< p>
新楼比旧楼高


4


倍。



3


)?


times+the size/height/length/depth+of


?



The earth is 49 times the size of the m oon.


地球是月


亮大小的


49


倍。



The ball is twice the width of our classroom.


舞厅是

我们教室宽度的


2


倍。



4


)?


times+what

< br>从句:



The


production


now


is


three


times


what


it


was


ten


years ago.


现在的生产是


1 0


年前的


3


倍。



[


应用


]


选择正确答案




After the new technique was introduced,the factory



produced_____tractors


in


1988


as


the


year


before.(MET‘90)



A



as


twice


many





many



as


many





many as



The


population


of


China


is_____than


that


of


America.



five


times




times


larger




times as



five times


Key:



C




B


be gin(


?


)with


?从??开始( ?)




Knowledge begins with practice.


知识来自实践。




Let



s


begin(this


unit)


with


the


words


and


expressions.


咱 们从单词和短语开始学


(这个单元)




besides/except/but


besides


用作介词时


,


表示


“除??以外还有”


之意,


即所除去的东西要包括在内。


用作副词时,


表示


“此


外,而且”



except


表了


“除??之外”


所除去的东西不包括在


内。



but


只能用在

no,all,nobody,anything,anywhere


等词


之后。



如:


Besides knowing some Greek,she was fluent in


Italian.


她除了懂些希腊语之外,


意大利语也说得很


流利。



Do you play other games besides tennis?


除网球之外,


你还进行其他的 运动吗?



It wasn



t a good hotel;besides,it was very expensive.


这不是一家好旅馆,况且房价也很贵。



Harrison


had


thought


of


everything


except


the


weather.


哈利森什么 事情都考虑到了,惟独没有考


虑到天气。



Under the soil there is nothing except/but sand.


土壤


下面只有沙子。



比较级



+ and +


比较级



more


and


more


countries


越来越多的国家;


fewer


and


fewer


students


越来越 少的学生;


less


and


less


time


越来越少的时间;


more and more beauti ful



来越漂亮;


get


thinner


and


thinner


变得越来越瘦;


fly higher and higher


飞得越来越高;


run more and


more


slowly


跑得越来越慢 ,


become


stronger


and


stronger


越来越强大


;


[

应用


]


汉译英



高考英语复习知识点概要




①越来越多的人认识到学好一门外语的重要性。



②飞机飞得越来越高直到看不见了。



Key:



More


and


more


people


realize


the


importance


of


learning a foreigh language well.



The plane flew higher and higher until it was


out


of sight.


表示“大约”



about,around,some,or so


均可来表示 “大约”


。前三


个词通常放在被修饰成分之前,而


or so


多置于其


后。如:



about one hundred students


大约


100


名学生;



at around eight o



cloch


在大约八点钟;



some twenty years ago


大约二十年前;



[

< br>应用


]


一句多用:这件设备重


1 0


吨左右。



Key:This piece of equipment weighs some 10 tons.






This piece of equipment weighs 10 tons or so.






This


piece


of


equipment


weighs


about


(around)10 tons.


表示“决心、决定做”的几个用法



1)decide to do


决定做



We decided to put off the trip to the U.S.


我们决定推


迟美国之行。



2)make a decision to do




He has made a decision to buy a new computer.


他已


决定买一台新电脑。



3)make up one‘s mind to do



The doctor made up his mind to go abroad for further


education.


那位医生决定出国深造。



4)determine to do



We


have


determined


to


get


the


work


done


before


National Day.


我们已决定国庆节前完成这项工作。



5)be determined to do



He is determined to give up smoking.


他决心戒烟。



6)decide


that


??


(


从句中动词用


should


+


动词原



)






We decided that we should widen the road.


我们决定


拓宽这条路。


< /p>


[


应用


]


一句多 译:这位年轻科学家决心继续自己的


研究。



Key:


The young scientist was determined to go on with his


research./He


determined


to


go


on


with


his


research./He



decided


that


he


should


go


on


with


his


research./He


made up



his


mind


to


go


on


with


his


research./He


made


a


decision to go on with his research./He decided to go


on with his research.


表示“宁愿、想要某人做某事”



下列句型均可表示


“宁愿、


想让某人作某事”



would


like do sth.;would prefer do sth.;like


do sth;want do sth.;would rather that sth.


对比:


would like/love to do sth .


喜欢、


宁愿做某事;


prefer to do sth.


宁愿做;


would rather do sth.


宁愿做;


would


like/love


not


to


do


sth.


不想做;


would


rather


not do sth.


宁愿不做??;


prefer not to do sth.


不想


做;


would rather do do sth.


宁愿做某事而不


做某事 ;


p11refer to do than do sth.


宁愿做


某事而不做某事。


< /p>


[


应用


]


①一句 多译



我想让我儿子学医。②选择正确的答案



Little


Jim


should


love_______to


the


theatre


this


evening. (MET‘92)




be


taken












take




taken




Key:


I would like my son to


study medicine./I‘d love my


son to



study medicine,/


I would rather that my


son


studied


medicine./


I


like


my


son


to


study


medicine./I


want


my son to study medicine./I would rather that my son


studied medicine.



A


表示态度、语气的短语归纳



generally speaking


一般说来;


strictly speaki ng


严格


说来;


honestly < /p>


speaking


诚实地说来;


pers onally


speaking


就我个人而言;


exactly speaking


准确地说


来。


to tell you the truth


说实话;


to be honest


老实说;


believe


it


or


not


信不信由你;


judging


from


his


appearance


从他的相貌来说



[


应用


]


完成 句子



①严格说来,


加拿大英语和美国 英语并不完全一样。


_____ ____,Canadian English is not just the same as



American English.


②老实说我不赞同你的想法。


_______


_______


________,I can



t agree to your idea.













< br>行





___________,young people enjoy pop music.


Key:



Strictly,speaking



To,be,honest


< p>
Generally,


speaking


表示 “没必要做某事”的


4


种句型




There be no need(for sb.) to do sth.



It be not necessary(for sb.)to do sth.


③主语


+don



t/ doesn



t/ didn



t have to do sth.

< p>
④主语


+needn



t +


动词原形







高考英语复习知识点概要




[


应用


]


一句多译:我 们没有必要再等了。



Key:There is no need for us to wait.






It‘s not necessary for us to wait.







We


don‘t have to wait.







We need not wait.


表示“祝愿”的几种句型



①名词短语(


+to you



:Happy birthday to you!



你生日快乐。



Best wishes for Teachers



Day.


祝教师节愉快。




All the best.


祝万事如意。



All the best with your family.


祝全家好。



All the best in your study/business.


祝你学习


/


事业顺


利。



③主语


+wish+sb.+


名词


/


形容词



I wish you happy.


我祝你幸福。



We


wish


you


greater


progres.


我 们祝你取得更大进


步。




I hope+that


从句:



I hope you



ll enjoy being with us.< /p>


我们希望你和我


们在一起很高兴。



⑤部分祈使句也可表祝愿:



Remember me to your family.


代我向你全家问好。



Send best wishes to him.


向他问好。



break


小结



break


一词常用搭配有:




1



break out(


战 争、火灾、争吵、瘟疫等


)


爆发



A big fire broke out in the city last week.


(2)break away from


脱离



A carriage(


车厢


)broke away from the train.


(3)break the law


违反法律



Who breaks the law will be punished by the law.


(4)break in



破门而入;打断



He broke in to say that he was not interested in what I


was talking about.


(5)break down


损坏;中断



Her fridge has broken down for a long time.


(6)break off


打断;结束;暂停



They


were


arguing(




)but


broke


off


when


someone came into the room.


(7)break into


闯入;侵入



Thieves broke into my house when I was out.


break off


该短语动词的意思是“中断说话”



“暂时停止”



如 :



He broke off in the middle of a sentence.


break /break off sth. with sb.


前者意为“


(使)折断”

< br>,后者意为“与某人突然断


绝(关系)



。如:



The


mast


broke


off


/was


broken


off


when


the


ship


was moving.


break out(


战争、火灾、疾病、瘟 疫等的


)


爆发




The American Civil War broke out in 1861.



Fire broke out in the neighbour last night.


break out in (into)


?忽然(做出)??



break out in laughter


突然放声大笑



break in (


强盗等


)


强行闯入



break into


闯入;打碎(打破)成??



break up


分开,分割



bring


短语归纳



bring down(



)


刮倒,


降低


(降落)



bring up


养大,


呕吐;


bring


about


带来,引起;


bring


along


捎来,


带来,


bring back


归还;


bring out


拿出;


bring in



(钱)


,带进,传入;


bring on


端上(饭菜)


,引起


(火灾)


,使??成长;



[


应用< /p>


]


副词填空




He felt terribly ill and brought ______ what he ate.



Surely


the


new


railway


will


bring


__


many


changes in this less developed area.



Next


time


you


come


to


China,


be


sure


to


bring


______your friends.



All


the


library


books


must


be


brought_______


before June20.



Selling


newspapers


brings


______


enough


money


for my



schooling.



Enough water can bring the rice _______ .


Key:



up



about



along



back



in



on


bring/take/fetch(get)/carry



bring


向着说话人的地方“带来;拿来”





take


由说话人的地方“带走;拿去”





fetch(get)


由说话人的地方“去拿来、带 来”


,指


往返双程。




carry


“携带;搬运;运送”

< br>,无方向性。



bring in




把??拿进来;收获;赚入??;获利



They


bring


in


one


million


dollars


a


year


from


their


new company.


broadcast vt.;vi.


广播


;


播放。


过去式和过去分词均为


broadcast





The BBC broadcasts every


每天都广播。




The news was broadcast on the radio.


这个消息是


收音机里播送的。

< p>


burst into tears


该动宾短 语,理解的重点是不及物动词


burst


的意

< br>思及其分词或副词连用的结构形式和意思。



burst


是及物动词或不及物动词,


意为



(使)


爆破”



“ 胀破”


。如:




He put too much air into the balloon and it burst.


高考英语复习知识点概要





The funny joke made the children burst their sides


with laughing.


burst


由原意引伸出表示空发性的动 作,意为“突


然发生”



“突然发作”


。常构成一些短语,如:



burst into tears/laughter(


突然大哭


/


大笑


)


burst into song(


突然唱起歌来


)


burst into angry speech


(大发雷庭)



burst into bloom(


开花


)


burst into view/sight


(景象,奇观的)突然出现



burst into the room(


闯入房间


)


burst out/forth laughing(


捧腹大笑


)


burst out/forth crying


(突然大哭)




:On hearing the sad news, she burst into tears.


Busy


be busy doing sth.


该结构意为


“忙于做某事”



应注意的是

< br>be busy



只能接动词


-ing


形式,不能接动词不定式


to


do,



同结构的形容词还有


wor th


。如:




He is busy writing his composition.



She


keeps


busy


working


on


a


new


novel


these


weeks.



This book is well worth seeing.


but


prep.


除?之外。与


excep t


同义,除了的部分


与其他部分不在一个范围内,不具有一致性 。


except



< br>场






but







nothing/nobody/no one/all


等不定代词的句子。




No


one


except/but


you


was


late.


除你之外没有迟< /p>


到。


(你迟到了)




We


all


went


to


see


a


film


yesterday


evening


except/but

you.


除你之外作天晚上我们都去看电影


了。

< p>
(你没去)




That


window


is


open


except


in


winter .


除冬天外


那窗户一直开着。


(冬天不 开)


另外,


but


后可接不

< p>
不定式。如果句子前面有实义动词


do


及其变化形


式时,不定式不带


to;


否则不定式带


to .



I did nothing yesterday evening but watch TV


.


昨天

< p>
晚上除看电视外我什么也没干。




He had no choice but to leave.


他只得离开。



注意:


besides


也是介词,意 为“除??之外(还


有)




除了的部分和其他部分在同一个范围内,



有一 致性。




We


all


went


to


see


a


film


yesterday


evening


besides


you.


除你之外昨 天晚上我们也都去看电影


了。


(你和我们都去了)




Who


is


going


there


with


Tom


besides


you?


除你


之外还有谁和汤姆一起去?



but for












?


?



,< /p>







=without + n.



,but for


?短语相当于 一个虚拟条


件句,因此,句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。如:



The boy would have drowned but for your help.


如果接的是句子,


but for


要换用成


but that


?如:




He would have helped us but that he was short of


money at the time.(= if it had not been the fact that he


was…)



Buy


“我的金项链花了


2500


元”有多种译法:










by prep.


乘??。用来表示方式,其后的名词为单< /p>


数,且不加冠词。






by


bike/bus/


car


/ta xi/train//road/railway/land/boat/ship/ water/ sea/


plane/air


但:


“步行”用


on foot.


注意:若表示交通工具的名词前有限定词,则将


by


改作


in



on.


in one‘s/the car/ bus/plane etc.



on the bike



by name


该介宾词 组的意思是


“名叫??”



“凭名字”



如:




He met a man, John by name.



I knew him only by name.


by one



s first marriage


通过或由于某人的第一次


婚姻



介词


by


有许多含义,


在此处意为


“通过”



相当于


through






He left by the first train.


他乘第一次列车离开了。



The electricity supply is operated by a switch.


供电由


一个开关控制。



by the age of/at the age of,by

到??时为止。


表示的


是一段时间,句子通常用完成时态。



at


在??时候。

< br>表示的是具体时间点,


句子通常用


一般时态。

< p>



By


the


age


of


ten,he


had


learned


to


play


the


piano.10


岁的时候,他就学会了弹钢琴。




He was very at the age of 15 he went to


college.


他非常聪明,


15


岁时上大学了。




By the end of this term,we



ll have learned 2000


English words.


到本学期末,我们将学会


2000


个英


语单词。



高考英语复习知识点概要





At the end of this term,we



ll hold an English party.


在本学期末,我们



将举行一次英语晚会


.


call


短语



动词


. call


所构成的短语很多,


现将在中学课上的常


出现的由


call


所构成短语的意义和用法列出。< /p>



(1)call at


指短期访问某地:顺便去某处。



We called at the park when we stayed in the city.



们在那个城市时顺便去了那个公园。



(2)call on


的意思“正式拜访某人”


;此外,它还有


“号召”之意。如:



They called on the famous scientist.


他们拜访了那个


著名科学家。



The


Party


calls


on


us


to


learn


from


Comrade


Lei


Feng.


党号召我们向雷锋同志学习。



(3)call to


“大声呼唤、招呼、呼求”


。如:



They called to us for help.


他们向我们呼求援助。



(4)call for


可作“要求、需要、提倡”

< p>
,还可作“邀


约”解。如:



This is a problem that calls for immediate solution.



是个要求立即解决 的问题。



I



ll call for you then and we go there together.


到时我


来叫你,我们一起去哪儿。



(5)call in


有“召来、召请、召进”之意。



You



d better call in a doctor.


你最好请一位医生来。



(6)


此外,


call back



“叫回来、


收回”


之意;


call off


有“叫出去、叫走”之意;


call after


可作“追在后


面叫喊”和“以某人的名字命名”之意。



can/may/must


表推测的用法

< p>


can,


may,


must


等都可用于表推测,但它们的含义


和用法不同。



must


语气最肯定,指“一定、必定”< /p>


,只用于肯定


句中。


< br>must+


动词原形”表示对现在情况的推测;



must + have + done


”表示对过去情况的推测。


如:



Mum must be cooking supper now.


妈妈现在一定在


做晚饭。



He must have finished his


wo rk.


他一定完成他的工


作了。



May/might


表示“或许,可能”


。 如:



Tom may go abroad next year.


汤姆明年可能要出国。


She


might


have


finished


the


work .


她可能已完成这


项工作了。



He can



t know the answer.


他不可能知道这个答案。


can/could


表示“可能,会”


,我用于否定和疑问 句


中。如:



Could she he at home?


她可能在家吗?


can,


表示一时的情况,意为“有时侯会??”




can


的这种用法,只用在肯定句中。如:



Children are lovely, but they can be tiring.



Training


by


yourself


in


a


game


can


be


highly


dangerous.


carry


短语归纳



carry away


拿走,带走;


carry on(with)one



s work


继续工作;


carry on a struggle/fight


开展斗争;


carry


on


a


big

< br>business








carry


out


a


plan/order/ promise/instructions/one



s


duty/an


experiment/advices/t ests


执行计划


/


执行命令


/


履行诺



/


执行指示


/


履行职责


/


做实验


/


按建议办

/


进行试验;


be carried up into space


被发射升空。



[


应用


]


介、副词填空




It



s often easier to make plans than it is to carry


them______.



Let



s


stop


here.


We



ll


carry________


the


conversation tomorrow.



Carry the baby _______. It



s dangerous here.



Rising


costs


made


it


hard


to


carry


________


the


business.



They


decided


to


carry


________


though


the


weather was bad.


Key:



out



on



away



on



on


carry out


搬出;进行,实行,执行




Would you please carry the chairs out?


The plan should be carried out at once.




It


was important


to


carry out


the work quickly.< /p>



快进行这些工作是重要的。





He did not carry out his promise to us.



对我们他


没有实现他的诺言。




out


构成的短语:


look out


向外看,


小心


work out


算出来,实行。





leave out


遗漏,忽视




take/bring out


拿出来



thinking out


想出




hold out


伸出,支持,抵抗到底



case


用法小结


< br>(1)


名词


case


的词意



①意为“情形、情况”




If that



s the case, you



ll have to work much harder.


如果是那种情形的话,


你将不得不更 加努力地工作。


②意为“病例、案例”




There were seven


cases


of cholera.



7


起霍乱的病


例。



The civil case will be heard in court next week.


这一


案件将于下星期审理。



③意为“箱、盒、容器”




John bought a case of beer.


约翰买了一箱啤酒。



(2 )



case


构成的短语




in case


意为“ 因为可能发生某事、以防万一”





高考英语复习知识点概要




是介词短语,


在句中作状语,


常可置于句尾;< /p>


也可


用做连词,后跟


that

< p>
从句


(that


常省略


)


,表示条件


或目的,从句谓语习惯用


s hould+


动词原形


(should


常省略


)


或陈述语气。



It


may


rain



you



d


better


take


an


umbrella(just)in


case(it


does).


可能下雨——你最好带把雨伞,以防

万一。



In


case(=If)he


arrives


before


I


get


back,


please


ask


him to wait.


如果他在我回来之前到,请让他等一下。



He


doesn



t


dare


to


leave


the


house


in


case(that)he


should be recognized.


他不敢出门,生怕被认出来。




in that case


意为


“既然那样、


假若是那样的话”



用来承接上文。



In that case, you wouldn



t have a pan on fire. You



d have a house on fire




要是那样,


你就不光使锅着火,


你还会把房子烧起


来。



You don



t like the job? In that case why don



t you


leave?< /p>


你不喜欢这份工作?那你怎么不辞掉呢?



He may be late. In that case we ought to wait for him.


他可能迟到,因此我们应该等他。




in any case


意为“无论如何、总之”




We have to help him to pay the debt in case.


我们无


论如何要帮他还债。




in


no


case


意为“在任何情形下决不、无论如何


都不”


,用于句首时句子要进行部分倒装。



In no case shall I forget the expression on her face.



决不会忘记她脸上的表情。




in case of sth.


意 为“若发生某事、如果、假如”



是短语介词,


后接名词、


代词、



-ing


形式作宾语。



In


case


of


fire,


ring


the


alarm


bell.


遇火警时立即 按


警铃。



In case of rain



=In case it rains



,they can



t go.



是下雨,他们就走不了了。



In case of his being absent, we



ll put off the meeting


till next week.


如果他缺席,


我们就会把会议推迟到


下周。




in the case of


意为


“至于、


就??来说”



是短语


介词。



In the case of your debt, I



ll pay it off for you.


至于


你的欠款,我会 替你还清的。



catch fire; on fire


catch fire


意为


“着火”



表示动作。


on fire


意为


“着


火、在燃烧”


,表示状态。如:



Suddenly a pan of oil catches fire.


Soon


the


whole


floor


was


on


fire


and


it


was


impossible for people on the floors above to escape.


cause n.


(大家为之奋斗的)事业





Helping the poor is a worthy cause.



帮助穷人是


一项有价值的事业。





World peace is the cause he works for.



世界和平


是他为之奋斗的事业。





cause v.


导致,引起







1


)接名词:


cause


an


accident/trouble/death/a


fire/a


serious


il lness/damage


引起事故


/


惹麻烦


/


导致


死亡

/


引起大火


/


导致重病

< p>
/


造成损害



2


)接双宾语:


cause /tro uble/damage


给某人


带来痛苦


/


麻烦


/


损害



3


)接复合宾语:


cuase sb. to do sth


使某人做某事



The sound caused me to jump back.



那声音吓得我


向后退。



[


应用


]


完成句子



①什么使她改变了计划?



What _______ _______ ______ _______her plan?


②地震使所有的楼房倒塌了。



The earthquake ________ all the buildings ________


_______.


Key:



caused,her,to,change




cuased,to,fall


certain


某(些)


,仅作形容词用法。




He didn



t come for a certain reason.



A certain person called on me yesterday.



She will do it on certain conditions.


some


也可以作此意讲,但前面无冠词




He is living at some place in East Africa.



I



ve read that story before in some book of other.


chance






1)


用于短语:



give sb.a chance


给某人一次机会;



have a chance to do sth.


有机会做;



miss a chance


错过机会;



lose a chance


失去机会;



2)


用于句型:



The chance is that


?


/ The chances are that< /p>


?表示


“有


可能??”

< br>(句型中的


The



That


可省略)


。如:



The chance is (that)she‘s already heard the news.



可能她已听到那则消息了。



Chances


are


that


the


new


machine


will


arrive


tomorrow.


新机器可能明天到。



3


)后接


of



that


从句表示“可能性”


。如 :



He has no chance of winning the match.


他不可能赢


得这次比赛。



There is a chance that I will see him.< /p>


我有可能见到


高考英语复习知识点概要




他。



[< /p>


应用


]


一句多译:



那里有可能藏着蛇。



The chances are that there is a snake over there.


There is a chance of a snake hiding there.


There is a chance that a snake is over there.


change one‘s mind



该动宾词组意为“改变主意”


,其中


mind


常用单


数形式。如:



If


one


always


change


one‘s


mind,


he


succeeds


in


nothing.


check out


清点;结账;核实;检查;开票提款





Ask him to check the information out for us.


请他


为我们核实一下信息。





We‘d


better


check


the


whole


room


out


in


case


it


has been bugged .


我们最好检查一下整个房间以免有蛀虫。





The trainees checked out all right.


这些培训学员完全合格。



She checked out 6000 dollars.


她提款


6000


美元。



come true


成为现实、实现



表示变化过 程的系动词有:


become,get,turn,



be


表状态



区别:①


He


became(get,turned)angry


when


hearing


the news.


听到那消息他生气了。


(从不??到生气)




He was angry, because he heard some bad news.


他生气是因为听到不好的消息。



常用的单位量词



a piece of diary


一则日记;


a sheet of paper


一张纸;


a suit



of clothes


一套服装;


an article of clothing


一件衣服;


a crowd



of people


一群人;


a basin of water


一盆水


;a block of


wood


一块木头;


a cake of soap


一块肥皂;


a bottle


of ink


一瓶墨水;


a grain of sand


一粒沙子;


a group


of tall trees


一片高树;


a team of players


一队运动


员;


a copy of China Youth


一分


《中国青年》



a drop


of oil


一滴油;


a loaf of bread


一块面包;


a pack of


cigarettes


一包烟;


a pair of socks


一双短袜;


a tin of


beer


一罐啤酒;


a


set


of


equipment


一套设备;


a


bucket of water


一桶水;


a couple of eggs


两个鸡蛋;


a pile of old books


一堆旧书;


a bowl of rice


一碗米


饭;


a handful of sand


一把(少量的)沙



注意:< /p>


上述单位量词本身具有复数形式,


亦可被具


体数字修饰,句中的谓语多用复数形式。



[


应用


]


汉译英



①搬家时成堆的旧书被卖掉。



②三条重要新闻刊登在头版。



Key:



Piles of old books were sold when we moved.



Three pieces of important news were printed in the


front page.


常用合成形容词构成形式;





(1)


adj+n.+ed



cold- blooded


冷血的


middle- aged


中年的


simple- minded


头脑简单的,纯朴的





The white-


haired girl was named Xi‘er.



那个白毛女叫喜儿。





The


milddle-aged


woman


is


warm- hearted


and


is


always willing to help others.


那位中年妇女是个热心肠,总是乐意助人





(2) n. +pres.p.


(现在分词)



English- speaking



英语的


man- eating


吃人的





(3) n. + adj



snow- white


雪白的


world- famous



界闻名的





(4)num.

< br>(数词)


+n.+ed



fou r-legged


四条腿的


nine- storeyed


九层的





(5) n.+ past p.


(过去分词)



man- made


人造的





(6) adj.+ pres. p.



good- looking


好看的





(7) adv. + past. P.



well- known


著名的



chief/ main


两者都有“主要的”



“首 要的”之意,但有区别。



chief


主要用于人,表示“为首的,有最高地位或


权力的”




main


一般说明事与物,可指某些具体的 或抽象的


东西。如:



He is the chief policeman.


他是警长。



This is our main teaching building.


这是我们的主教


学楼。



clear






(1)


用 作形容词,


表示


“清楚的,


明白的”< /p>



如:



in a clear voice


以清楚的声音;



be clear about sth.


对??清楚,明白;



be clear to sb.


对某人来说很清楚;



make one



s meaning clear


说明自己的意思;


< p>
注意两个句型:


A



ma ke it clear that


?声明,


说明;

< p>



s (was)clear that


?很明显(清楚)??。




2



用作动词,


表示


“清除,


清理,


使干净”



如:



clear one‘s room/a table/a street/the desk



整理房间


/


收拾桌子


/


清扫大街


/


整理书桌;

< p>


clear away the dishes/waste

< p>
把餐碟收走


/


把垃圾清除




3



cle ar up


的三个意义:



A.


表示“清理,收拾,解决”


。如:



The dustmen were busy clearing up the snow on the


road.


清洁工正在清除路上的积雪。



This book has cleared up many problems for me.


这本书给我解决了许多难题。



高考英语复习知识点概要




B


.表示“


(天气)转晴”

。如:



It‘s snowing now, but I think it will clear up soon.



现在正在下雨,但是我想天气很快会晴的。


< br>C


.表示“露出喜悦的心情”


。如:


Her face cleared up as she read the letter.


她看信的时候面露喜色。



[应用]完成句子



①她对下一步干什么十分清楚。



She is _________ _________what to do next.


②很清楚敌人是不会放弃他们的计划的。



________ _______ _______that the enemy wouldn‘t


give up their


plan.


③他明确表示他要离职。



He


_________


_________


________that


he


would


leave office.


④在离开办公室以前,请把你的桌子整理一下。



_________ ________your desk before you leave the


office.


Key:



clear,about










It,


is,


clear





make , it clear










Clear,up


clear u p


(天气)


放晴,使明了,


收拾整理,


解决,


了结





The sky cleared up just after the rain.



雨过天晴。





Don



t expect me to clear up after you.


< p>
别期望我


在你后面收拾东西。


(收拾不要的东西)





The


police


haven



t


cleared


up


the


murder


case.


警察还没查清那件谋杀案。





His face cleared up as she heard the news.(


引申义


)


听到这个消息她脸上露出喜悦之情。



对比:


clean up


打扫干净,整理,获利,赚钱





The students cleaned up the classroom after class.


(打扫干净)下课后学生们打扫教室。



cloth; clothes; dress


cloth< /p>


指做衣服等用的“衣料、布”


。一般作不可数

名词。如


:


I put a piece of wet cloth around my face and lay on


the floor for about two hours.


注:用于表达特殊用途的布 ,如“桌布、抹布”等


时,


cloth


用做可数名词。如:



He washed a table cloth just now.


clothes


意为“衣服 ”


,总是以复数形式出现,泛指


身上穿的各部分衣着,包括上衣 、裤子、内衣、背


心等。如


:Look


at


these


clothes.


They


are


on


Mrs


Green



s clothes line.


注意:




1



“一件衣服”


不可说< /p>



a clothes,


应说



an article


of clothing;


“一套衣服”可说


a suit(set) of clothes.


(2)clothes


前不可直接 用数词修饰,


如不可说


three


clothes.


(3)clothes


前可用


these, those, the, many, few


修饰,


口语中可用


much, little


修饰。



(4)chot hes


作主语时,谓语动词只能用复数形式。



dress


可用于可数和不可数名词,用于可数名词时,


常指妇女、


儿童服装、


内衣或外衣等公共场 合穿的


衣服。用于不可数名词时,统指“衣服”


。该词可


作动词,意为“给??穿衣”


。如:



What colour is Mrs Green‘s dress?



He could not wash himself or get dressed.


combine; connect; join; unite


此组动词意为“联合、连接”




combine


意为“结合、联合”


,指为 了某一目的而


把两事物结合在一起。如:



We


must


combine


theory


with


pract ice.


我们必须把


理论和实践联系起来。


He


combines


botany


with


chemi stry.


他把植物学和


化学联系起来了。


connect


“连接”


,指用 东西把两事物连接在一起,


或两事物直接相连,二者仍保持原状。



The two cities are connected by a railway.


两座城市


由铁路相连。



He connected the


gas stove with


gas pipe.


他把煤气


和接在煤气炉上。



join


意为“连接”


,指以线、绳、 桥等把两物或两


地连接在一起,和


connect


意思相近,也可指两物


互相紧密相接。如:



We had better join the island to the mainland with a


steel


bridge .


我们最好建一座钢筋桥把这个岛与大


陆连接起来。

< p>


Where does this stream join the Changjiang River?



条河和长江在哪里会合 ?



unite


意为

< br>“联合”



指两种以上的事物结合为一体,


有合二为一的意味,强调结合后的统一性。



The


two


companies


will


unite


into < /p>


one.


这两家公司


将合并成一家。



The whole family united to help him.


全家齐心协力


帮助他。



come about: happen


产生;发生。相当于 不及物动


词,和


happen, take place


一样无被动语态。




How did this accident come about ?


这事故怎么发


生的?




I don



t know how the quarrel came about.


我不知


道怎么发生的争吵。

< p>


come


across=meet


with(meet


?


by


chance/accident)


无意中碰到,找到,想到

< p>




Perhaps I shall come across him somewhere in the




高考英语复习知识点概要




park.


也许我会在公园的某个地方遇到他。





He came suddenly across an idea.


他突然有了一个好主意。



come


down


下来,流传下来, 倒塌,没落,病倒,


减价





The song comes down to us from the 10th century.


(流传下来)



这首歌是从


10


世纪流传到我们这一代 的。





The roof of the house came down during the night.


我听说计算机要降价。



come out


come out


是本单元需要掌握的一个重点词语,


现在


我们对它们的用法作一 比较全面的了解。



(1)come out(= be published)


出来;出版



I



ll


let


you


have


a


copy


of


my


book


as


soon


as


it


comes out.


我的书一出版我就送你一本。



(2)come out (= to bloom)


长出;发 芽;开花;


(使)


开花;


(使)繁盛< /p>



Spring comes, the trees turn green and flowers come


out.


春 天来了,树变绿了,花儿开了。



(3)come out (= to appear)


出现;出来



Ever since then, the bat comes out only at night.


从那


时起,蝙幅只在晚上出来。

< p>


(4)come out(= to win


?


)


获得(名次)



I came out first in the examination.


我考试得了第一


名。



(5)come


out(=


to


become


known)


传出,公 之于众;


(秘密)泄露



The


truth


will


come


out


some


day.


总有一天会真相


大白的。



(6)come out (= to be seen, as in a phot ograph)


(在相


片等中)显示;被看见

< br>


Mary


always


comes


out


well


in


photos.


玛丽总是很


上相。



(7)come out (= to be developed)


冲印;冲洗



The boss said that the photos had been come out for a


long time.


老板说照片已经冲印出来很久了。



(8)come out (= to be removed; disappear)


去掉;消失



Would


you


please


help


me


to


make


the


ink


in


my


shirt


come


out?


你能帮我把衬衣上 的墨水渍去掉


吗?



(9)come out (to be on strike; to refuse to work)


罢工



The workers came out for a pay raise.


工人们为增加


工资而罢工。



(10)come out (= to end in the stated way)


后来发现;


结果是



The answer to


the question


came out


wrong.


这个 问


题的答案后来发现是错误的。



(11)come out (= to express clearly)(


意思


)


表达清楚



The meaning of his speech did not come out well.



讲话的意思不很清楚。



(12)come out (= to be counted)


算出来;总计



The


total


expense


(花费)


comes


out


at


5000 yuan.


总开支达五千元。



come to light


发现,


暴露



= be discovered / exposed


/found out / be brought to light






Much


more


new


evidence


has


come


to


light(has


been


discovered/has


been


exposed/has


been


brought


to


light),so


the


judges


have


to


sentence


the


man


to


death.


新的证据不断被 发现,


所以法官们不得不判这个人


死刑。





When the old woman died, it came to light that she


was actually very rich.


老太婆死后,人们才发现她其实很富有。



common adj.


共同的;一般的;公共的



A great interest in music was common to them.


他们


对音乐都有共同的强列的兴趣。



The common people in those days suffered a lot.


当时


一般民众生活都很苦。



We


work


for


the


common


good.< /p>


我们为了公共利益


而工作。



common ,ordinary


二者都有“普通的,平常 的”的意思,但侧重点不


同。


ordinary


侧重表示“外表平凡,平平常常”




common


指“普遍存在,经常碰到”


。对比:



in ordinary dress


穿着平常的衣服;



in an ordinary way


以通常的方式;



an ordinary




looking man


相貌平常的人;



an ordinary event


平常的一件事;



common excuse


常用的借口;



common knowledge


常识;


common people


普通人,


老百姓;



have a bathroom in common


合用洗澡间。



[


应用


]


完成句子


< /p>









< p>




It


was


a


piece


of______dance music.


②这种天气在南方是很常见的。


This sort of weather


is quite _________in the south.

















These


two


brothers have nothing ________ _________.


Key:



ordinary



common



in common


communicate v.




1



vt.


传 达,传送,传染





communicate


information/feel ings/news


?


to


sb.< /p>



信息、感情、消息??传递


/


传达给某人



高考英语复习知识点概要






I



ll communicate the news to you directly.



我会


直接把消息传达给你。





(2)vi.


通讯,通话





communicate


with


sb.(by)


用??与某 人联络


/







We


communicate


with


each


other


by


telephone/letter.


我们用电话


/


信件彼此沟通。



拓展:


communication n.[u]


通讯


[c]


消息


pl.


通讯系统





Radio


and


television


are


important


means


of


communication.



收音机和电视机是信息交流的重


要工 具。





Communications satellite helps the human a lot in


many


ways


.



通讯卫星在很多方面对人类有很 大


的帮助。



complete, finish


二个词都有“完成”之意,但


complete


更突出使


一切完备、没有欠缺、多指完成工程、设计等。而


finish


是一般用语。


常用短语有:< /p>


complete the work


完成工作;


complete


the


new


railway


修完铁路;


complete one



s collection of stamps


完备集邮;


finish


one



s


homework/middle


school/writing


the


article


完成作业


/


中学毕业


/


写完文章。



注意:


complete


还可用作形容 词,意为“完全的,


彻底的、


完成了的”



completely


是副词,



完全地、









a


complete


senten ce/strange/success/failure


完整的句子

< br>/


完全陌



/

< br>完全成功


/


彻底的失败。


Thi s


job


is


completely


new to me.


这项工作对我来说是完全陌生的。


[


应用


]


单句改错




You


have


to


finish


to


read


the


whole


passage


in


five minutes.



Professor


Smith


has


been


complete


successful


in


working out the problem.


Key:


①改


to read



reading,


因为


finish


后只能接动


名词。②改


complete



completely



congratulate v.



祝贺,庆贺



常用短语:


congratulate sb. on / upon sth. / doing sth.


为某事向某人祝贺





congratulate oneself that


?因??而自己庆幸





congratulations


常 用于祝贺语,后可接


on


,也可


单独用 。





I‘d like to congratulate you on your success.



对你的成功我表示祝贺。





I



d


like


to


offer


my


congratulations


on


your


success.



对你的成功我表示祝贺。





You


really


should


congratulate


yourself


on


your


appearance.




(=


You


really


should


congratulate


that


you


are


so


handsome.)



你真该为自己的外表而庆幸。



对比:


celebrate sth.


庆贺某事





We



ll celebrate the New Year with a dance party.



我们将举行跳舞晚会以庆贺新年。






in


celebration


of


?




?


?




hold


a < /p>


celebration


举行庆祝(会)



congratulate, congratulations


congratulate


是动词,作“祝贺、庆祝”解 时,


必须以被祝贺的人作宾语,构成:


congratulat e


sb.


on


sth./doing


sth.


表示 “祝贺某人??”


。另外:


congratulate one self


表示“庆幸,感到幸运”


。如:



We


congratulated


him


on


his


success/his


having


succeeded.


我们祝贺他的成功。



I congratulated myself on having escaped unhurt.


我因自己幸免于难而感到幸运。



②< /p>


congratulation


是名词,


多用作复数形式。


注意下


列用法:


< /p>


Congratulations!


(单独使用)祝贺你!



Congratulations on


your success


对你的成功我表示

< br>祝贺。



Congratulations to everybody!


祝贺大家!



Please accept my congratulations on your birthday.


请接受我对你的生日祝贺。



[


应用


]


选择 正确答案



We


offered


him


our


congratulations








him


passing the college entrance exams.(MET‘93)



A. at










B. on








C. for







D. of


connect


连接,把??联系起来





(1)vt. The road connects London and Edinburgh.


这条路把伦敦和爱丁堡连在一起。





The two cities are connected by a canal.


这两座城市由运河连在一起。





A


good


student


must


connect


what


he


reads


with


and what he sees around him.


一个好学生必须把他所读的与所见的联系起来。





(2)be connected with


与??有关系;


与??有亲


戚 关系





She is connected with the Smiths.


她与史密斯家有亲戚关系。



对比:< /p>


join


?


to


?





Every family is joined to the world by Internet.


每个家庭由网络与世界联系在一起。



connect vt.; vi.


连接;联系。




He


connected


the


two


speakers


to


(with)the


reco rder.


他把两个喇叭同录音机相连。




Many


people


connect


China


with


the


Great


Wall.


许多人把中国与长城联系在一起。



高考英语复习知识点概要




consider


用法小结



consider


是个很常用的动词,其意义不同,句型结


构也不同。我们在学习中要特别注意。




1


)作“仔细考虑、深思熟虑”解,


consi der



作不及物动词或及物动词。



作及动词时,后可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语,


不能接动词不 定式,但可以接疑问词


+


不定式,相


当 于宾语从句。例如:



Consider carefully before


you decide.


你要慎重考虑


后再做决定。



They considered your suggestion.


他们仔细考虑了你


的建议。



He


is


considering


studying


abroad.


他在考虑出国留


学。

< br>


We are considering how to help them.


我们在考虑如


何帮助他们。




2


)作“将??视为、认为、以为” 解。



①可用


consider+


名词


+



to b e


)名词(形容词)或


consider+

名词


+as+


名词(形容词)


结构 ,


但当不定


式为行为动词时,


不能省略 ,


不可用于进行时。



样用时相当于< /p>


that


引导宾语从句。例如:



He


considers


himself(to


be)clever(=as


clever).=He


considers that he is clever.


他认为自己很聪明。



I consider him(to be)my closest friend(as my closest


friend).=I


consider(that)he


is


my


closest


friend .


我把


他视为我最亲密的朋友。



He is considered to have invented the first computer.


他被认为是最早发明计算机的人。



②还可用于


consider+it(


形式宾 语


)+


形容词


+


不定式


结构。例如:



I


consider


it


wrong


for


students


to < /p>


smoke.


我认为学


生抽烟是不对的。



consider


的用法:



You should consider the question.


你应该考虑这个问题。



②跟从句



He began to consider when he would get married



开始考虑什么时侯结婚的事情。



③跟疑问词



+



to do sth.


He is considering how to get there in t ime.


他正想怎


么能及时赶到那儿。



④跟动名词



Who


considers


answering


the


question?


谁正在考 虑


回答这个问题?



⑤为??着想



He always considers others before himself


他常先为


别人着想。



⑥名词为:


consideration(

不可数


)


take sth. into consideration


把??考虑在内



If you want to go on holidays in Beijing,you should


take the cost into consideration.


如果想到北京去度假,你应该考虑费用问题。



content


(1)n.


内容;目录



He always reads the contents of a book first of all.



读书总是先从目录看起。




2



adj .


满足的;甘心的



Are you content with your work?


你对你的工作满意


吗?


< /p>



3



vt.< /p>


使(某人)满足。



The little boy contented himself with a new toy.


那男


孩有了新玩具就满足了。



continue



v.


继续






They rain continued for three days.


雨连续了


3


天。



They continued their game after lunch.


他们午饭后继续比赛。



He continued writing /to write late into the night.


他继续写作到深夜。



The weather continued cold.


天气持续寒冷。



cove r


盖上;


掩盖;


占据

< br>(时间)


(空间)



走过


(路


程)


;采访。




My mother covered the baby with a blanket.



She tried to cover the fact that she had been to the


place.



I



m covering the accident.


create; invent; discover


三者含义相近,但用法不同:


< p>


1



create


“创造、创作”


,指产生出新的东西,


其对 象往往是精神上的,


如艺术、


文学作品中的人

< br>物及新的科学领域等。例如:



Shakespeare created many famous characters.


莎士比

< p>
亚创造了许多有名的人物。



< br>2



invent


“发明”


,指创造出原来自然界不存在


的东西,


如工 具、


方法、


手段、


灯泡、


汽车、


电视、


合成材料等。例如:

< br>


who invented the telephone?


谁发明了电话?



He


invented


a


new


teaching


meth od.


他发明了一种


的教学方法。


< /p>



3



disc over


指“发现或找到”某种自然界本来


已存在,

< p>
但以前未被人类发现或认识的事物,


如发


现元素、 电、煤、石油、铁等矿藏以及新星、星系


或科学真理等。例如:



I discovered an unopened letter in the drawer.


我在抽


屉里发现了一封未拆的信。



高考英语复习知识点概要




crowd


crowd


可用作名词,


表示


“人群,

群”



用作动词,


表示“群集,拥 挤”


。如


:


a crowd of children


一群孩子;


crowds of books



堆的书;


a cheering crowd


欢呼的人群;


crowd into


挤进;


crowd in


拥入;


crowd round


围在??的周


围;


a


crowded


city/train


拥挤的城市


/


火车;


be


crowded with


挤满、塞满



[


应用


]


汉译英



①很多村民从大门拥入,院子里很挤。



②大厅里挤满了学生。



Key:



Many


villagers


crowded


in


through


the


gate


and the yard was crowded.



The hall was crowded with students.


cut


短语归纳



1


)用作动词:



get one



s hair cut


理发;


cut a loaf of bread in two



一块面包一切为二;


cut a figure in stone


雕刻石像;


cut


the


price


降价;


cut


the


article


删节文章;


cut


down trees


伐树;


cut down on smoking


减少吸烟;


cut in


插嘴,插入,


cut in with a few words


插嘴讲


几句话;


cut off a corner


切掉一角;


cut off electricity


切断电源;


cut


off three sentences


删去三个句子;


cut out


切掉,


删掉


;cut out the last part of the play



剧本 的最后一部分删掉;


cut


?


open


切开。



2)


用作名词:


the cuts on one



s arms


臂上的伤口:


make big cuts


削减,降价



[


应用


]


介、副词填空




Big


cuts


have


been


made____the


prices


of


medicine.



The


strong


wind


cut_____the


electricity


of


the


whole city.



The


chairman


spoke


so


fast


that


nobody


could


cut____.



All


the


trees


were


cut_____.They


will


have


to


answer for their foolish action


Key:



in



off



in



down


date back to / date from


追溯到(某个时期)


,起始于 (某个时期)


,从??


时候就存在





The tower dates back to 1173.


这座塔起始于


1173


年。





The old church dates from the first century A.d.


这座古老的教堂起始于公元


1


世纪。





My


interest


in


stamp


collecting


dates


from


my


schooldays.


从学生时代起,我对集邮就开始感兴趣。



day by day


一天天地



day after day


日复一日,一天又一天




Day by day he seems to grow a little stronger.



I have to do this work day after day.


deal with,do with






1)


二者都可表示

< br>“对付,


应付,


处理,


安排”< /p>




deal


是 不及物动词,


可与


how


连用;



do


是及


物动词, 只与


what


连用表示上述意义,不能单独

使用。对比:


We don



t know what to do with the


waste materials./We don



t know how to deal with the


waste materials.


我们不知道怎样处理这此废料。



What‘s the best way of dealing with thieves?



对付小偷最好的办法是什么?



(此句中的


deal with


不可替换成


do with




2)deal with


还可表示


“论述,


涉及到;

< p>
与??相处”


等意义,而


do with


无此用法。如:



The books


dealing with


Asian problems sell well in


colleges.


论述亚洲问题 的书在大学里很畅销。



That man is easy to deal with.


这个人容易相处。



[


应用


]


完成句子



①你是怎么处理这类事情的?



_________did you deal with matters of this sort?


What


did


you


________


_________matters


of


this


sort?


②我们要处理的棘手事太多了。



There are too many difficulties for us to _________


______.


Key:



How/ do,with




deal, with


delight



to one‘s delight



该词组意为“使某人高兴”

< br>,还可以表达为“


to the


delight of sb.





能这样表达的还有


to one



s joy,to one



s surprise,to


one



s sorrow


等。如:



To my shame, I completely forgot our date.


demand


①当可数名词“要求”用



We refused his unreasonable demands.


我们拒绝了他


的无理要求。



②当不可数名词用



There


is


a


great


demand


for


typists


but(a)poor


demand for clerks.


打字员很抢手但是办公 室职员几


乎没人需要。



③当动词用:


demand+


名词、


代词、


从句或


to do sth.


如:



They demanded the right to do things they like.


他们要求有做自己喜欢做的事情的权力。



The lady demanded to see our headmaster .


那个女士


高考英语复习知识点概要




要求见校长。



He demanded that we (should)try to finish our work


on time.


他要求我们按时完工。



宾 语从句用虚拟语气形式,主


+should+


动原??




demand


问< /p>




How old are you?‖he demanded.



他问我“你多大啦?”



depend


on(=rely


on)


依靠;依赖 ;以??而定;取


决于??。如:




Whether you will succeed or not depends on how


hard you



work.


你是否成功得看你努力的程度。



I don



t want to depend on my parents any longer.


我不想再依赖父母了。



destroy



t.


毁坏;破坏;毁灭。




Don



t destroy the box .It may be useful.


不要弄坏< /p>


这个盒子,可能还有用。




The


whole


building


was


badly


desdtroyed


by


the


fire.

< p>
整幢楼房都被大火严重烧毁了。



determine v.



1


)决心、决定,其后可接动词不定式、从句或


on

< br>引导的短语。如:



We determined to get the work done before October 1.


我们决定在“十一”之前完成这项工作。



She determined to go that very afternoon.


Have you determined where you



re going to spend


the summer vocaion?


你决定在哪儿过暑假了吗?



They determined on an early start.


他们决定早动身。



He has determined on going home next week.


他决定


下周回家。




2



使??决意,


后接不定式或介词短语作宾补。


如:



What determined you to accept the invit ation?


什么原


因使你接受这个请帖?


The situation determined him against further delay.



势使他决定不再拖延。




3



be determined(to do sth.)


下定决心;有决心,

< br>后接不定式或从句。如:



He


was


determined


to


study


English


wel l.


他下决心


把英语学好。



I was determined not to follow their advice.


We were determined that we should never allow such


things to happen again.


我们决定绝不允许这类事情


再次发 生。



(注意从句运动用


should +


动词原形)


]


determine to do sth.


决定(心)做??



I left him,determined never to set foot in that house


again.


devote

?


to


?把??献给,把??用在









devote oneself to


?致力于,献身于









be devoted to


?专心致志于,献身于,忠于




Mary devotes too much time to eating.



He


has


devoted


his


whole


life


to


benefiting


mankind.



He devoted himself entirely to music.



He was still devoted to the study of chemistry.



He is very devoted to his wife.


die out


熄灭;绝种;逐渐消失。如:




The fire died out .


火灭了。




That talkative man



s voice died out.


那个健谈的人


的声音渐渐地听不见了。



+


形容词(分词)表示一类人的用法。



常见的短语有:



the old(young; rich; poor; learned; living


?


).


如:



The living should carry out what the dead unfinished.


活着的人(后人)应该把前人未竞事业进行到底。



more than



(=noly )


仅仅,不过。②两者都不。


如:




What can I do, I



m no more than a citizen.


我能怎么样,我只不过是个平民百姓。




Tom


is


no


cleverer


than


Jack.


汤姆和杰克都不聪


明。



但是:


not more than


表示


A


不如


B


(??)或不


超过。如;




My English is not better than yours.


我的英语不如你的好。




I think you are not more than twenty years old.


我想你不满二十岁吧。



diet; food


两者都可作“食物”解。


diet

< br>指的是习惯上吃的食


物或规定要吃的食物,


特指维持健康 的定量或定质


的食物,如病人的疗养饮食。


food

< p>
是一般用语。


凡能吃喝的具有营养的东西都可称


f ood.


例如:



The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in


the world



中国的饮食被认 是世界上最健康的饮食。


Proper diet and exercise are both important to health.


适当的饮食和锻炼对健康都很重要。



He is on a special diet to lose weight.


他服用特别饮


食以减肥。



The doctor put him on a liquid diet after operation.



术之后医生规定他吃流食 。



They


eat


different


kinds


of


food


which


change


into


energ y.


他们吃的各种各样的食物都转化成能量。



His


food


includes


eggs,


vegetables,


fruit


and


some


soft drinks.


他的食物包括鸡蛋、蔬菜、水果和一 些


软饮料。




高考英语复习知识点概要




dip into


蘸进;随便翻阅;稍稍研究





I haven‘t read that book properly. I‘ve only dipped


into it.


我没有好好读那本书,仅随便翻阅一下。





I‘ve only dipped into politics.



我对政治研究不深。



discover


discover sth.


发现某物;


discover oneself


暴露自己的




;< /p>


discover


sb.


doing


sth.








某< /p>



;discover


sb./


be


?发现某人(物)??;


discov er


+


that


从句发现??常用搭配:


discover


one



s mistake/an island/the truth


发现自己的错误


/


一座岛


/


事实的真相



[


应用


]


完成 句子



①我们发现他是一位出色的舞蹈家。



We


____her


_____


____


a


good


dancer./We


_____


that_____ ____a good dancer.


②有人发现她在偷东西。



Someone


______


______


______


things./Someone


discovered that


______ ______stealing things.


Key:



discovered



to,


be/discovered,


she,


was



discovered,her,stealing/she,was


distance n.


距离;远处






When


they


finish


their


talk,


the


two


may


be


quite


a


distance from the place where they were standing.



谈话结束时,


两个人离他们原来站的地方可能有相


当一段距离了。



The waterfall can be heard at a distance of two miles.


在两英里外就能听到这瀑布声。



Hills are blue in the distance.


远处的山呈蓝色。



The


lion


looks


dangerous,


so


I


decide


to


keep


a


distance away from it.


狮子看起来很危险,


所以我决


定离它远点儿。< /p>



What‘s the distance between Beijing


and Shanghai?


北京到上海之间的距离是多少?



disturb,interrupt


disturb



“打扰,


扰乱,


使


(人)


心神不宁”


之意。


如:


disturb the sleeping child/one



s plan/the piblic


peace


打扰睡觉的孩子


/


打乱计划


/


扰乱社会治安;

< br>be mentally disturbed


精神上受到影响;


be disturbed


about


对??感到不妥。



对比:


interrupt



“打断,


打扰”


之意,


侧重打断。


如:


Don


< p>
t interrupt me while I



m busy.


我忙的时


候不要打扰我。



[


应用


]


完成 句子



①她获悉母亲得急病后感到心神不安。



She


was________


________


her


mother‘s


sudden


illness./She



was________


_______hear


of


her


mother‘s


sudden


illness./She was________ ________ the news of her


mother‘s sudden illness.



②不要打断那位演讲者,他讲完再问你的问题。



Don‘t _________ the speaker;ask your question after


the meeting.


Key:



disturbed, about/disturbed,to/disturbed, by





interrupt


do all to do sth.:do what to do sth.


尽某


人的所能做某事



all


后面为


that

< p>
所引导的定语从句,


that


在从句中

< p>
作宾语已被省略;


can


后面为避免重复省略了< /p>


do;


后面的


to


do


sth.


为不定式(短语)作目 的状语。


all(that)(do)


相当于宾语从句


what (do)





I



ll do all I can to help you.


我将尽力帮助你。




He did all he could to improve his spoken English.


他尽了最大努力来提高英语口语水平。



Do give her my regards.


请一定代我她问好。



助动词



do


及其变化形式可在肯定句中用来强调


动词,意为“务必;一定;的确;真的”


,


加强了


句子的语气。




Do be careful!


一定要小心





I do like you.


我真的喜欢你。




She does work very hard.


她学习确实很努力。



④—


Why didn



t you tell him?


你为什么不告诉他?




I did tell him.


我告诉他了。



do sb. a favour



do a favour for sb.


给某人帮个忙,


如果有


to do sth.


则常用。



do favour to do sth.


如:




I wonder if you can do me a favour?


我不知道你能


不能帮我个忙?(没有说干何事)




Please do me the favour to open the door, I want to


go out.


麻烦你给我开一下门,我要出去。



do


up


收拾(东西)

< p>
。整理、梳装打扮、系(扣)


好??




He


was


so


hurried


that


he


did


up


his


buttons


wrongly.


他太着急了以致于扣错了纽扣。




She spent a long time doing up her hair.


她花了很


长时间把头盘起来。



Do you think so?


①“


so


”用于避免重复前面所说过的内容,等于代













高考 英语复习知识点概要




believ e,do,expect,fear,guess,hope,say,speak,suppose,


think


等及


It appear


?


,It seems



I



m afraid


连用。




Will they go to see him?‖




I


believe


so.(?I


believe[that]they


will


go


to


see


him.)‖










not




so,




believe,suppose,think


等动词之后, 如


I


don



t


think(believe,suppose)so


等,通常仍可与

< br>so


连用。



③不能和表示确信、疑问的词语连用。



I doubt about it.(



)


I doubt so.(×


)


do walking


步行。



do +

< br>动名词”结构表示“干某


事,有较灵活的译法。



do


reading(


< p>


)/washing(





)/cooking(




)/shopping(


买东西

< p>
)/cleaning(


打扫除


)


等。



Do what I told you to .


Don‘t be late again.



Make sure the door is shut.


让对方做或不做某事时



dozens of


几十;许多。




She bought dozens of dresses.


她买了许多衣服。




I



ve borrowed dozens of books for my daughter.


我为女儿借了许多书。



doubt v.& n.


怀疑,不相信



n.
















of


?对 ??(抱)怀疑或悲观(态


度)



doubt






从句在否定句及疑问句中多跟


that


引起的从句,在肯定句中多跟
















whether(if)


引起的从句。




I doubt the truth of this report.



They have never doubted of success.



I don



t doubt that you are honest.



Can you doubt that he will win?



I



doubt if that was what he wanted.


该词作名词时有以下短语



beyon d(all)doubt


毫无疑问;


in

doubt


怀疑,犹豫,


不肯定;


no doubt


肯定地,想必;


without doubt



无疑问,一定地




The truth of the story is beyond doubt.



I was in doubt about what to do.



No doubt I learned a lot from that lecture.



Without doubt these theories were all wrong.


dream vi.


做梦,迫切希望





As he slept, he dreamed a dream.



他睡觉时做了


一个梦。





W


e dream of peace.


我们梦想和平。



拓展:


dream a pleasant/sweet/horrible dream


做好梦


/


甜梦


/


噩梦





live


a


happy/quiet/hard/normal


life


过幸福


/

< br>平静


/


艰苦


/

< br>正常的生活





die a glorious death


死得光荣



Do you dream at night?


你晚上做梦吗?



dream


of


??多用于否定句中 ,


“做梦也没想到,


从未想到过”



I never dream of getting so much money.


我从未幻想过得到这么多钱。



Dream+


从句



We never dreamed that the film was so long.


我们怎么也没想到这部电影这么长。



dream of


迫切希望、渴望。



People all over the world are dreaming of peace.


全世界人民都渴望和平。



dreamy(adj.)


模糊的,梦幻般的



I don



t believe your dreamy words.


我不信你的梦语。


动词



+



about


read about


读到有关的内容;


know about


了解;


learn


about


得知有关??;


hear


about


听说过;


forget


about


忘记有关??;


talk about


谈论;


argue about


争论;


chat about


闲谈;


tell about


讲述有关??;


think


about


考虑;


write


about


写有关的??;


joke


about


拿??开玩笑;


worry about


为??担心。



[


应用


]


汉译英



①我已在报纸上读到了有关这次事故的情况。



②这件事我几乎忘了。



Key:



I



ve read about the accident in the newspaper.



I almost forget about this matter.


动词


+at


动词


+at,


其中的


at


多表示“目标,方向”


。如:


shout at


朝??喊;


laugh at


嘲笑;


throw at


朝??


扔;


shoot at


朝??射击;


point at


指着;


aim at



准;


call at


拜访;


stare at


盯着;


glance at


一瞥;


take


a look at


看一眼;


pull at


拉,扯;


arrive at


到达;


come at


朝??起来;


tear at


撕,扯



[


应用


]


完成句子



①别对那孩子大声嚷嚷,你吓坏她了。



Don‘t


________


________


the


girl.


You


frightened


her.


②他被朋友们嘲笑了。



He _________ _________ _________ by his friends.


Key:



shout, at









was, laughed, at


动词不定式的省略



为了避免重复,< /p>


我们常常把作宾语、


宾补和谓语动


词的一 部分的不定式省略,


只保留动词不定式的符


< br>to



现将常见省略不定式的几种情况通过实例加


以简析,供大家参考:



(1)



How about coming to my house?



高考英语复习知识点概要





I‘d love to if it doesn‘t give you so much trouble.




hope, like, love, promise, want, wish


等词后作宾


语的不定式常省略。再如:< /p>



You may go if you want to.


She can get a job if she hopes to.



How about going hunting with me tomorrow?



I‘d like to, but I have no time.




2



Don



t close the window until I ask you to.



allow, ask, tell


等词后作宾语补足语的不定式常


省略。再如:



Don‘t touch the light unless your mother allows you


to.


Don‘t plant potatoes until the peasant tells you to.




3



He didn



t want to hand in his composition, but


he had to.



be able to, be going to, have to, need to, enough to,


used to


等后的不定式需省略。再如:



I don‘t sing much, now, but I used to a lot.



If you don‘t want to


say anything at the meeting, you


don‘t need to.



She didn‘t


go out


last night,


because she was


afraid


to.



afraid,


glad,


happy,


pleased,


s orry


等词后作状语


的不定式常省略。再如:—


Will you go with me to


see the film tonight?



I‘ll be glad to.



动词



+ off


短语



fly off


飞走;


go off


离开;


take off


脱下,起飞;


run off


跑开;


fall off


掉下;


turn off


关上;


get off


下来;


drive off


驶离;


hurry off


匆忙离开;


keep off


离开,勿靠近;


pay off


还清(债)


put off


推迟;


send off


驱逐;


set off


出发,


动身;


throw off


扔掉,


匆忙脱衣;


ring off


挂断电话;



[


应用


]


完成句子



①此处很危险,让孩子们离开。



It‘s dangerous here.______ ______ the children.



②火车刚到,一大群人正在下车。



The


train


has


just


come


in,


with


crowds


of


people_____ ______it.


Key:



keep ,off



getting, off


动词



+ up


go


up(


物价等

< br>)


上涨,上升;


build(up)one



s


health


使身体强壮;


turn up


出席,


到场,


开大音量;


divide


up


分配;


分给;


set up


建立;


come up


走近,


发芽;


pick


up


拾起,用车接,收听(节目)


;send

up



射;


get


up


起床;


grow


up


长大;


look


up


仰望,


查阅;


eat up


吃光;


drink up


喝光;


use up


用光;


stay/sit up


熬夜;


give up


放弃;


take up


占空间,从


事,开始干;


keep


up


保持,继续;


put

< p>
up


举起,


建起;


han g up


挂起来;


hold up


举起;


join up


连接


起来;


rise up


奋起反抗;


move up


向前移动;


lift up


扶起


;do up


包,


捆;


hurry up


赶快;


call up


打电话;


break


up


拆散,破裂


;make


up


组成,化妆,编造;


bring


up


抚养大;


dress


up


打扮;


add


up


加起来;


warm up


变暖,热身。



[


应用


]


完成句子



①物价在天天上涨。



Prices are_____ _____ day after day.


②衣服常常挂在火炉附近。



The clothes are often_______ ______ near a fire.


③妈妈的把孩子扶起来,领走了。



The


mother_____


the


baby______


and


took


him


away.


④他到乡下呆了一段时间,身体好了起来。



He went and stayed in the countryside for a period of


time and _____ ______ ______ _______.


Key:



going,


up



hung,


up



lifted,


up



built,


up,


his, health


drop


用法归纳


< br>drop


可用作名词“滴”


;用作不及物动词“掉下,< /p>


滴下”


;用作及物动词“使掉(滴)下”


。如:



a drop of blood


一滴血;


drop by rop/in drops


一滴一


滴地;


drop from the tree


从树上掉下来;


drop to the


ground


落在地上;


drop


the


letter


into


the < /p>


mailbox


把信投进信箱;


drop a handkerchief/stone


掉下手帕


/


石头



习语:


drop in


顺便拜访;


drop in on sb.


顺便走访某


人;


drop in at his school


顺便拜访他的学校。


< p>
[


应用


]


完成句子



①我看见一个苹果从树上掉下来。



I saw an apple______ _______ the tree.


②他们这样做是搬起石头咂自己的脚。



In


doing


so


they


are


lifting


a


rock


to


_______


________on their


feet.


③你路过的话,千万要来。



Do _______ _______ if you happen to be passing.


Key:



drop,from






drop, it







drop, in




due to , be due to



be


due(to)


有“应付给,应到的,预期的”之意,


多用作表语,


to


不定式符号;



due to


表示


“由于,


起因于”时,


to


是介词,相当于


because of


。如:



The train is due to arrive at 12.


火车应于


1 2


点到。



When is the ship due?


船预定何时到?



The accident was due to careless drivin g


车祸是粗心


高考英语复习知识点概要




驾车引起的。


[


应用


]


完成句子



①那项计划由于资金不足而失败。



The


program


failed


________


_________lack


of


money.


②希尔先生预定明天演讲两次。



Mr


Hill_________


_________


________


lecture


twice tomorrow.


Key:



due,to






is ,due, to


earn



v.


赚;得到




earn



n.






earn


sb.


sth






earn


one



s


living


He earns $$10,000 a ye ar.


他一年赚


10,000


英镑。< /p>



His honesty earned him great respect.


他因诚实而博


得人们的尊敬。



She earned her living by singing in a nightclub.


她靠


在夜总会唱歌谋生。



earn, gain, win ,get

< br>四个词均有“得到”之意,但


earn


指经过艰苦努


力所得到的报偿,意为“赚得”



gain


指作出很大


努力而


“获得”

< p>


所得东西常有一定价值;


get


是普


通词,指不一定需要努力就能“得到”



win


意为


“赢得”


, 含有取胜一方具有优越条件而能克服障


碍之意。这四个词有时可通用。

< br>


[


应用


]

英译汉




earn much money/a prize/one



s living



gain


a


victory/experience/the


first


prize/ten


dollars/a living/success/the battle/a doctor



s degree



get one



s help/full marks


Key:


①挣得很多钱


/

< p>
获奖


/


谋生


< p>
②获胜


/


取得经验


/


获得一等奖


/



1 0


美元


/


谋生


/



得成功


/


赢得战斗


/


获博士学位



③得到某人的帮助


/


得满分



earn one



s living,make one



s living


谋生,


挣钱过


活。



The


professor


earns


his


living


by


teaching


at


a


language school.


eat up


吃光;吃掉。



He


was


so


hungry


that


he


ate


up


all


the


cakes


and


none


was


left.


他太饿了,把所有的蛋糕都吃完了,


一点也没剩。


类似的短语还有:


drink up


喝光;


喝净。


/burn up



完;烧掉。


/use


up


用完;用尽。


/clean < /p>


up


打扫干


净。



effect



have effect on


对??有影响,相当于


affect




It has had such a bad effect on him.


effort


短语归纳



make


the


greatest


effort


做最大努力;


make


great


efforts


尽最大努力;


make a special effort


作出特殊


努力;


make


an


effort


to


do


sth.


努力做某事;


make


every


effort


to


help


you


尽力帮助你


;make


one


last


effort


作最后的努力;


make no effort


不努力;


spare


no


efforts


to


do


sth.









;with(an)effor t


艰难地;


without effort


轻而易举地;


in an effort


努力。



[


应用


]


完成句子



①他身体很强壮,可以轻易地提起那个重箱子。



He is strong enough to lift the heavy box _________.


②我们会不遗余力地阻止他们采取这一步骤。



We will ________ _______ _______to prevent them


from takingthis



step.


③他艰难地游泳,为的是救出那个孩子。



He


swam


with


difficulty________


_________


_______ ________ save


the boy.


④我不会努力去帮助这样的人。



I‘ll


________


_________


_______


to


help


such


a


person.


Key:



without,effout






spare, to ,efforts






in, an, effort, to






make, no, efforts


make efforts to do sth.


努力(尽力)干??



make an effort (at)


尽力,努力??



spare no effort


不遗余力



I made every effort to get it (at getting it)


end up


结果,结束





He started as an employee and ended up as head of


the firm.


他以职员开始而最后成为公司的主管。





The party ended up with a song.


晚会以一首歌曲结束。





If you cont


inue to drive so carelessly, you‘ll end up


in hospital.


如果你继续这样不小心开车,你会进医院的。



对比:


end


指完结或终止,为意义最单纯的用语;< /p>



close


指把已开始的事物像关闭似 的加以结束;



finish


尤指最后 的修饰工作,或把已经做的加以完


成;



complete


指把不完美的各点或有缺陷的部分加以


补充 完成。



Let‘s end the discussion.



The meeting was closed by the chairman‘s


speech.


Try to finish your homework before 9 o‘clock.



Have you completed your new programme?


escape


(< /p>


1



vi.


逃走 ;


vt.


逃避



高考英语复习知识点概要






The soldier managed to escape by running into the


woods.


那个士兵进树林逃掉了。





You


were


lucky


enough


to


escape


punishment


/


being punished.


你很幸运逃脱了惩罚。





(2)n.[c]


逃脱,逃亡





have a narrow escape


九死一生,死里逃生



exam; exmination; test; quiz


examination


通常只指正式的


“考试”

< p>


如期末考试、


入学考试等。

exam



examination


的缩写,


常用于


口语,


多为学生使用 。


test



“小考”



“考查”


,quiz


为“测 验”


,


特指事先无准备,随时进行的测验,

也可指


(广播节目中的)


一般知识测验、

< br>问答比赛、


猜谜等。例如:



He did very well in the entrance examination.


他在


入学考试中成绩很好。



There



s going to be a physics test this afternoon.


< p>
天下午将进行物理考试。



The


teacher


gave


us


a


five-minute


qui z.


老师对我们


进行了一次五分钟的小测验。

< br>


example; pattern;model


p attern


“型、式样、图样”可指供模仿的某物原型


或精心 设计出的图样或模型,也可指榜样。如:



Can


you


use


the


sentence


pattern?


他会用这个句型


吗?



She is a pattern for us.


她是我们学习的典范。



model


“模型、


模范”

< p>


指供模仿或值得信效的人或


物。如:

< p>


Have


you


seen


his


model


ship?


你看见过他的船模


吗?



example


“例子、榜样”

< p>
,


主要指人及其行为和活


动被他人信效。如:



Example is better than precept.


身教重于言教。



except; besides; except for+


名词


/except that+


句子用


法区别。



except


相当于


but,


表示


“除了??以外


(不包括在





< br>常



all,


nobody,everything,everybody,


nowhere


等表示整体概念的词连用。


besides< /p>


相当于


apart from



表示


“除??以外


(尚有)


之义。


except


for.../except that ...


表示“除了? ?”之意,引述一


个相反的原因或细节,


因而部分地修正了句中 的主


要意思。如:


Your article is well written except for


some grammar mistake s.


你的文章写得好,


只是有几


处语法 错误。



excuse, pardon,forgive < /p>


excuse


“原谅,宽恕”


,语气较轻 ,指对轻微的冒


犯、


失礼等的原谅;


p ardon


用于正式场合时意为


“赦


免 ”



也有


“原谅,

对不起”


之意,


语气最重;


for give


指免除某人犯错误或违法承担的后果,


或不追究其


应受责备的行为。


三个词都常与


for


连用,


表示


“原


谅 某人??”




[

应用


]


汉译英



①请原谅我迟到了。



②我永远不会原谅你昨天晚上说过的话。



Key:



Please excuse we for being late.



The


court


pardoned


the


man


who


had


broken


the


law for a certain reason.



I



ll never orgive you for what you said to me last


night.


expect, wait

< br>二者均有“等待”之意,但有不同。


expect


侧重心


理状态,


因而可译为


“期待,


期盼”



是及物动词;



wait


指行动,有“不干别的事专门等”之意,

< p>
是不及物动词。对比:



They are busy with prepartions, expecting the foreign

< p>
guests.


他们忙着准准备,期待着外宾的到来。


Holding


little


flags,


the


children


are


waiting


for


the


foreign guests.


孩子们手拿小旗,

< p>
在等待外宾的到来。


[


应用


]


完成句子



①她很久没有儿子的消 息了,


因而期待着他的电话。


She hasn‘t heard from her son for a long time, so she


_______


telephones from him.


②他正等着要和你说句话。



He ________ ________ to have a word with you.


Key:



expects





is ,waiting


expert




n.


专家,能手




adj.


精通的




an expert on


?一名??方面的专家




be expert at/in doing sth.



于??很内行



an expert on computer science



计算机方面的专家



She‘s expert at/in looking after babies.



她对于照料婴儿很内行。



explain t.


说明;解释;讲解。




He explained why he was late.


他说明了迟到的原


因。




Please explain this exercise to me .


请把这个练习


给我讲一讲。



express one



s satisfaction with


对??表示满意



be satisfied with


对??感到满意



The


officials


expressed


their


satisfaction


with


the


preparation for the exhibition.


fall


短语归纳



fall from a tree


从树上掉下来;


fall off a table


从桌


子上落下;



fall out of bed


从床上跌下来;


fall asleep


入睡;


fall




高考英语复习知识点概要




ill


病倒;


fall behind


落后;


fall in love with sb.


爱上


某人;


fall to pieces


倒塌,垮台,崩溃,解体;


fall


into the water


跌进水中;


fall down


倒下;


fall onto


the ground


掉(倒)在地上;


have many falls


跌下


许多跤;


in the fall


在秋季。



[


应用


]


完成句子



①那个孩子从墙上掉下来伤着了右腿。



The boy____ ____the wall and hurt his right leg.


②他不想在学习上落后于别人。



He didn‘t want to _____ ____others in his studies.



Key:



fell,off



fall,behind


fall ill


生病,得病




Tom is absent,for he has fallen ill.



John was caught in the storm and he fell ill.


fall over


意为“跌倒”



“跌跤”


。如:



When he was skating, he fell over some times.


fall to pieces


该短语意为“垮台”


< br>“崩溃”



“倒塌”



“解体”



如:




Most


buildings


fell


to


pieces


in


the


earthquake


in


this city.



Most


organizations


fell


to


pieces


after


political


reform.


far below + n.


该词组意为“远远低于”



“比??低得多”


,其中


far


是副词,用以加强语气。如:



The


production


of


this


factory


was


far


below


the


normal level last year.


far from:


不仅仅,远不是(跟动名词、形容词、名


词或代词)


。如:




Far being slow, they are actually fast enough.


他们


一点也不慢 ,相反非常迅速。




It



s far from perpect.


它还很不完美。



另外:由


far


引出的短语

< br>



go far(



)


经用、时间长



This food can



t go far.


这些东西不够吃。




so far:


到目前为止、到?程度(地步)



I can only tell you so far.


我只能给你说到这一步。




as far as


就??而言、< /p>


从??来看、


尽??所能、


只要??、一 直查到某地



As far as I know, he will not come.


据我所知,


他不会


来啦。



You


should


stick


to


your


opinion


as


far


as


it


is


reasonable.


只要你 有理,就应该坚持。



We walked as far as the church.


我们一直走到教堂跟前。



feed vt.


喂养;以??为。常用结构:



feed…with/on sth . feed sth . to




She feeds her baby with /on cow



s milk./she feeds


cow



s milk to her baby.


她用牛奶喂孩子。




I feed my cat with/on fish./I feed fish to my cat .



用鱼喂猫。



另外:


feed


(vi.)on


相当于


live


on


,


意为“以??


为主食”

< p>





Sheep feed mainly on grass.


羊以草为主食。



fight against;fight for


feed


?


on


?以??饲养(动物)



feed on(


动物


)


以??为食



feed

< p>
?


to


?喂(动物)??当饲料。



feed a dog on meat


以肉饲养狗



feed meet to a dog


Cows feed on hay during winter.


feel like


?想(做某事)


;愿意。



I feel like going to a museum.


我想去博物馆。



I feel like a drink. Have you got any beer?

我想喝点


东西,你俩有啤酒吗?



fight


with,fight


against


意为“为反对??而战、


与??作斗争”


,against


后面接的是反对的对象,


如:



They are fighting against their enemy.


他们在与敌人


作战。



Political


leaders


fought


against


sl avery.


政治领导们


为了反对奴隶制度而斗争。

< p>


fight for


意为

“为争取??而斗争、


因为??而打


架”

< br>。如:



Two dogs fight for a bone,and a third runs away with


it.


两只狗为抢一块骨头而打架,


另一只狗把骨头叼


走了。



fight with


意为< /p>


“同??


(一起并肩)


作战、

< p>
与??


作战”


,它含有两重意思,试比较:



They fought with the Italian in the last war.


他们在最


后的这次战争中是 与意大利人作战。



They


fought


with


the


Italian


against


France


in


that


war.


在那次战争中,


他们和意大利联合 作战反对法


国。



figure;



shape;form



这组名词都有“形状”的意思。



shape


着重指人或物等的比较具体的整个外形,



太正式;


form


指 有实体结构和看得见的某种特殊


形状或是抽象的形式;


figu re


指物时,


侧重指轮廊,


指人时,着 重指姿态。如:



Coins may be of different sizes,weights, shapes, and


of diff-


erent metals.


硬币可能大小、轻 重、形状不同,铸


造的金属也可能不一样。



高考英语复习知识点概要




The shape of Italy is like a leg.


意大利国的形状像一


条腿。



Change


these


sentences


into


the


Present


Perfect


Passive,putting the verbs into the correct forms.


用动

< br>词的正确形式将下面的句子变成现在完成时的被


动语态。



Ice,snow and steam are forms of water.< /p>


冰、雪、蒸气


是水的几种形态。



You


can


see


the


tall


stone


figures


and


visit


the


temples


of


the


gods.


你可以看到那些高 大的石雕像,




force / fight one



s way


突破??而前进





push one



s way


排开??而前进



fine adj./adv./n./v.




(1)adj.


美好的,天气晴朗的,


(身体)好的,细






It



s fine today.


今天天气很晴朗。





What a fine view it is!


多么美丽的风景!




How are you




—你好吗?




Fine, thank you.


参观那些神殿。



这组名词也可当动词 用,


shape


意为“使什么东西


具有 某种具体的外



形”



常有


“塑造”


等具体意义;


f orm


指通过协商、


组织等形成某种习惯、

计划或组织等,


一般相当于


“形成”


;figure


通常指象征某事物。



find




(1)vt.


发现,发觉





She found a wallet lying on the ground.


她发现地上有个钱包。





We found her still asleep.


我们发现她还在睡觉。





He found her left behind.


他发现她被落在后面。





(2)n.


发现,发现物(尤指贵重 或悦人的)





I


made


a


great


find


in


a


second-hand


bookshop


yesterday.


昨天在旧书店里我有重大发现。



对比 :


find


多指偶然发现,碰见;后可接名词、复


合结构或从句。


find


out

< br>指通过观察、探索而发现


事实的真相、


真情,

< p>
通过调查找出原因,


或发现秘


密、错误等;一般接 名词、代词或从句。


discover


指发现客观事物的存在,


发现已存在而不为人知的


事情;多用于好的事物。





Have


you


found


the


book


you


have


been


looking


for?


你一直找的书找到了吗?





Have you found out why he was late?


你弄清他为什么迟到吗?





Columbus discovered America.


哥伦布发现了美洲。



find one



s way



to


)找到;设法找到去??的路





Can you find


your way to the post office?



你能


找到去邮局的路吗?





Rivers


find


their


way


to


the


sea.



条条江河通大


海。



拓展:


make one



s way


非常困难地前进





feel one



s way


摸索着前进



—很好,谢谢!


(不可用于否定句及疑问句)



First there was a fine rain but then it rained heavily.


开始是毛毛细雨,接着就下大了



(2)adv.


很好



Everything went fine.


一切顺利



(3)[c]


罚金


a traffic violation fine


违反交通规则罚款



(4)v.


处罚金



If you make such a mistake again, you‘ll get fined.



如果你再犯这样的错误,你就会挨罚。



短语:


fine and


非常,



(强调后面所接的形容词)



one fine day/morning


有朝一日



first of all


指按时间,顺序等处于第一位的,如:



例:


First of all let me say how glad I



m to be here.


首先我要说我来到这儿是多么高兴。



I



m interested in coins ,but first of all I



m a stamp


collector.


我对硬币感兴趣,但我 首先是个集邮的。



比较:


first



at first


first < /p>


译为


“首先


/



是从动作的先后角度来考虑的。



如:



Before we go , I must first change my clothes .


走之


前我得先换衣服。



at


first


意为“起初


/


,含有后来不这样了的意思。



如:



At first I didn



t like him ,but now I do .


起初我不喜


欢他,但现在喜欢了。



for the first time


意为“第一次”


。如:



It was there that they met for the first time .


正是在那


儿他们第一次见了面。



fit



be fit for


适合于



This job is fit for you.


这份工作适合你干。



②主语


+be + fit + to do sth.


如:



Nobody is fit to take his place.


没有合适的人接替他。


③(物,衣物之类)


+fit+sb.


表示衣帽之类适 合某


人,合身。



The shirt does not fit me well.


这件衬衫不太合我的


身。



fix



vt.


安排;修理;准备;安装;固定




高考英语复习知识点概要










We have fixed the time and date of the party.


我们已经确定了聚会的日期和具体时间。



Something has gone wrong with my tape- recorder. I


must have it fixed.


我的录音机坏了,我得请人修一下。



Mother decided to fix them something to eat.


母亲决定给他们准备点吃的。



It‘s not polite to fix your eyes on others.



盯着别人看是不礼貌的。



It is necessary for a child to form the habit of fixing


his attention on/ upon what he is doing.


孩子养成专心做事情的习惯是很有必要的。



fix a date


确定日期



fix a time


确定时间



fix a place


确定场所



fix vt.


决定,确定



fix+n./wh-/to do sth.


My uncle is fixing to set up a company.


fix


up


vt.


搭起、安装,修理,安排(住宿等)


,提


供,



We must fix the house up before we move into it.


Flash


in a flash


该介宾词组意为“转眼间”


“突然间”



“瞬间。



如:



In a flash. I realized where we had met before.


fly




(1)vt.


飞跃


< br>+


地点或距离作宾语:驾驶(飞机)


< br>(用飞机)运送;放(风筝)





fly the Atlantic / the English Channe/ a distance of


2000 km < /p>


飞跃大西洋


/


英吉利海峡


/2000


公里的距离





Supplies of food have been flown to the refugees.


补给的粮食空运给那些难民。





The children are flying their kites.


孩子们在放风筝。





(2)vi.


飞,飞行,飞跑





Time flies like an arrow.


光阴似箭。





The little girl flew to her grandmother.


这女孩向她奶奶飞跑过去。





(3)n.


苍蝇





butter

(奶油)


+fly


(苍蝇)


=bu tterfly


(蝴蝶)





dragon


(龙)


+fly


(苍蝇)


=dragonfly


(蜻蜓)




< p>
fire





+fly






=


firefly








=lighting- bug,


美语)



follow



t.


(1)


跟随;跟着。



We followed the professor into the lab .


我们跟着教


授走进了实验室。



(2)


听懂;理解。



Would you please say it again? I can



t follow you.


请再说一遍好吗


?


我没听懂。



4.


know


about/of


:


have


information


concerning

< p>


说(关于??的事情)


;知道;了解。



Know vt. : have in mind as the result of experience or


because one has learned


认识,知道。




I don



t know the writer , but I know about him.



不认识那位作家,但我 听说过他。




I know him ,but I don



t know about him.


我认识


他,但我并不了解他。



for a start/to start with


首先,第一点





You have no right to be here, to start with.


首先,你无权在此。





It won



t work



for a start, we don



t have so much


money and secondly we cannot get the permission.


那不行,


首先我们没那么多钱,


其次我们不能被批


准。



for example / such as


for emample


用来举例说明,例子通常是一个。它


可放在所 举例子的前面,


也可放在后面;


such as



来列举事物,


只能放在所列举的事物的前面。


另外,


只列举有代表性的事物,并不全部列出。如:



Some students are often late for school, Li Ling ,for


emample .


有些学生上学经常迟到,例如李玲。



He


can


speak


several


foreign


languages,


such


as


English, Janpanese,



German and so on.


他会说好几种外语,比如英语、


日语、德语等。



forbid(forbade, forbidden)



forbid do sth.


如:



My mother forbids me to keep in touch with that boy.


我妈不让我与那个男孩交往。




forbid(one



s)do ing sth.


如:



The law strictly forbids individual



s running business


in some fields.


法律严禁私人从事某些经营活动。



③常用被动形式



Smoking is forbidden here.


这儿不许抽烟。



④表示“使??不可能,使??无法??”



The bad weather forbids a spring outing .


坏天气使我


们无法春游。



高考英语复习知识点概要




否定转移



I/We think, believe,suppose, imagine


接宾语从句时,

< br>通常否定主句谓语


;


但变反意问句时,却必须和从


句的人称、


谓语保持一致,


而且要考虑主句中 有无



not



如:


I don



t think she is right,isn



t?/I believe that


they will win the match, won



t they?


[


应用


]


汉译英



①我猜今天夜里不会有雨。



②我们认为美国不会赞同我们的和平计划。



Key:



I don



t suppose there will be rain this night.



We don



t think America will agree to our peace


plan.


form



in


the


form


of


以??的形式呈现,



the


form of


以??形式呈现,


vt.


The cookies are all in the form of stars.


?The cookies all take the form of stars.


free adj.


(1)


空闲的;有空的。



Are you free tomorrow?


明天你有空吗?




2


)免费的;无偿的。




Do you enjoy free medical care ?


你享受免费医疗


吗?



②—


Why are you so happy?


你怎么那么高兴?




Because I got two free ticket.


我免费弄到两张票。



(3)


自由的。




The birds in the cage wish to be free.


笼中之鸟盼


望自由。




You


are


free


to


say


anything


you


want


to


at


the


meeting .


会上你可以畅所欲言。



freeze,freezing,frozen


freez e


是动词“结冰,凝固”



freez ing


可用作名词


“冰点”


,用作形容 词“冰冷的”


,用作副词“极冷


地”



frozen


既是


freeze


的过去分词形式,也可用


作形容词,表示“冷冻的”

< br>。对比:



Water freezes below freezing.


冰点以下时水结冰。



It was freezing cold that morning.


那天早晨非常地冷。



The roads are frozen in places.


路上多处结冰。



[< /p>


应用


]


英译汉




above/over freezing



freezing weather



be frozen to death



give sb. a freezing cold



freezing machine



frozen meat



I



m frozen,so I can



t write



I



m freezing,so I



ve to put on a heavy coat.


Key:


①零度以上②很冷的天气



③被冻死④冷冷地看某人一眼



⑤制冷机⑥冻肉



⑦我冻坏了,


不能写东西了。


⑧我觉得冷极了,



得穿件厚大衣



frighten

< p>
用作动词,


frighten


表示“吓唬、使惊恐 ”


。如:



frighten the birds away


把鸟吓跑;


be frightened by


被??吓坏;


be frightened of sb./sth.


害怕某人


/< /p>


物;


be


firghtened


at


因??而受到惊吓;


be


frightened


off away


被吓跑了;


be frightened to dath


被吓死;


frighten (doing) sth.


吓得某人做某事。



辨析:


frightened, frightening:< /p>


前者表示


“感到恐惧、


害怕”

< p>
,后者表示“令人惧怕”


。对比:



frightened children


吓坏了孩子;



frightening voice


令人恐惧的声音;



her frightened look


她那恐惧的样子


(自己内心 害怕所显露出的表情)




her


frightening


look


她 那可怕的样子(其样子使别


人害怕)



[


应用


]


完成句子


①那可怕的声音使我非常恐惧


.


The _______ voice made me very ________.


②他吓得那个老太太签署了那份文件。



He


_______


the


old


lady


_______


________


the


paper.


③她看到蛇吓坏了。



She________ ____________ the sight of a snake.


④你怕老虎吗?



Are you __________ ________ tigers?


Key:



frightening


,


frightened







frightened,


into, signing



was, frightened, at








frightened, of


“复合名词”变复数的几种形式



(1 )



man



woman


构成的复合名词变复数时,



个成分都要变。如:



a man doctor



men doctors


男医生



a woman driver



women drivers


女司机



(2)


由“名词


+


名词”以及“动名词


+


名词”构成的


复合名词,把复数词尾放在一个名词 上。如:



police officers


警官












boy-friends


男朋友



match-boxes


火柴盒












flower shops


花店



frying pans


平底锅



(3)


由“名词


+


副词”构成的复合名词,把复数词尾


放在名词上。如:



passers- by


过路人
















lookers- on


旁观




高考英语复习知识点概要




(4)


由“家庭成员


+in-law< /p>


”构成的复合名词,复数


形式放在第一个成分上。如:

< p>


fathers-in- law


(岳父)













sisters-in- law


(嫂


嫂)



sons-in-law


(女婿)


< /p>


(5)


复合名词中没有名词时,把复数词尾放在最后


一个词上。如:



go- betweens


中间人,媒人











grown- ups



年人



game,race, match


三个词都有“比赛”之意 。


game


通常指“游戏、


比赛”


,其复数形式往往指大型运动会。


race


多指


赛跑,赛马、赛车、赛船等运动。


match


指竞技比


赛。



[


应用


]


英译汉




play games





play a game of basketball




the Asian Games



horse race.



a 1,500-metre race



run a race



have a volleyball match



watch a match


Ke y:


①做游戏,


比赛②进行一次篮球比赛③亚运会


④赛马⑤一千五百米赛跑⑥赛跑⑦举行排球比赛


⑧观看比赛

< br>


get a general idea of


对??了解大意(大概情况)





Read the chapter quickly to get a general idea.


快速阅读这一章,了解大意。





I have a general idea of that town.


我对那个镇子的大概情况有所了解



get in touch with sb.; keep in touch with sb.


这两个相似动词短语的区别是:


前者是表示 动作性


的,作“和(与)某人进行接触”解,如:



Finally


Hank


and


his


friend


gave


each


other


their


addresses


and


promised


to


get


in


touch


again


with


each other when they both returned to the States.


最后,

< br>汉克和他的朋友互换了地址,


并且保证回美国后和


对方联 系。



而后者表示状态,作“和(与)某人保持着联系”


解。如:



Some students keep in touch with me all the time.



些学生一直和我保持着联系。



get


sb.


/


sth.


doing


使某人


/


某物开 始活跃或使某物


开始工作





Let me try now, I will get the car going


现在让我试试,我会把汽车发动起来。



拓展:


get sb. to do sth. = have sb. do sth.



/


使某人< /p>


做某事





get sth. done = have sth. done


请人做某事





I



ll get him to do the job.


我会让他做这项工作。





When did you get your hair cut?


你什么时候理的发?



感叹句表达方式



感叹句表示说话时的 惊讶、


喜悦、


赞赏和愤怒等情


绪。大多 数感叹句是由


what



how


引导,其句型


结构为“


What(

< p>


How)+


感叹部分


+


主语


+


谓语!




也有少量其他形式的感叹句,现一并归纳如下:

< p>


(1)What


引导的感叹句



What

< p>
用做定语,修饰名词,其引导的感叹句句型


结构为:




What+a(an)+


可数名 词单数


+


主语


+


谓语!如:



What an orphan he is!


他是个多么可怜的孤儿啊!




What+a


(an)+


形容词


+


可数名词单数


+


主语


+


谓语!


如:



What a beautiful voice she has!


她的声音多美啊!




What+


形容词


+


可数名词复数


+


主语


+


谓语!如:



What kind doctors they are!


他们是多好的医生啊!




What+


形容词

< br>+


不可数名词


+


主语

< p>
+


谓语!如:



What good news it is!


(2)How


引起的感叹句



How


用做状语,修饰形容词、副词和动词,其引


导的感叹句句型结构为:




How+


形容词< /p>


+


主语


+


谓语!



How clever you are!



How+


副词


+

< p>
主语


+


谓语!



How well she dances!



How


+


形容词


+a(an)+


可数名词单数


+


主语


+


谓语!


如:



How good a student he is!



How+


主语


+


谓语!如:



How the teachers worked!


教师们工作多么努力啊!




How+many(few)+


可数 名词的复数


+


主语


+

< br>谓语!


如:



How many books you have read!



How mu ch(little)+


不可数名词


+


主语


+


谓语!如:



How little money the coat cost!


(3)



What+a(an)+

形容词


+


可数名词单数


+


主语


+



语!


”句型可转换为“


How+


形容词


+a(an)+


可数名


词单数


+


主语


+


谓语!

”句型。如;



What a clever boy he is!


How clever a boy he is!

< br>(4)


感叹句常将主语和谓语动词省略,以“


What+


名词!


”或“


How+


形容词!


”的形式构成。如:



What a fine student!


What mountains!


高考英语复习知识点概要




How wonderful!


How brave!


(5)


其他形式的感叹句


< p>
有时候,可不用


what



how


来表示感叹,而用陈


述句、


疑 问句、


祈使句,


甚至一个词或词组来表示


感叹。如:



She is such a nice gi rl!


她是一个多好的姑娘啊!


(陈


述 句)



Who do you think you are!


你算老几!


(疑问句)




Stop the train! Stop the tr ain!



(


祈使句

< br>)


Wonderful!(


一个词


)


Happy New Year!(


词组


)


get through


接通电话;完成;通过



I can



t get through. The line



s busy.


我没能接通电


话。占线了。



get


through the work/the exams/the book


完成工作


/

通过考试


/


看完这本书



打电话的其他交际用语:



Can you ring up


?


?


你能给 ??打电话吗?



I can



t get through.


我没能接通(电话)



The line is busy.


(电话)占线。



I



ll try again later.


一会儿我再试试。



Could I speak to


?



please?


我找??接电话。



This is


?



speaking .


我是??



Hold on, Please.


请等一等。



Can I take a message?


我可以捎个口信吗?



Could you ask … to ring me back, please?



你让??给我回个电话好吗?



I‘ll ask …… to call you.



我要让??给你打个电话。



They are talking on /over the phone.


他们在通电话。



You are wanted on the phone.


有电话找你。



She answered the phone.


她接了电话。



give


构成的短语




give away


送给人、分发、泄露、暴露



Let



s give away our dog.


我们把狗送人吧。




give back:


送还、恢复(健康)



Living here has given me back my health .


在这住使


我恢复了健康。




give in


交进来,让步、妥协、投降



The boy gave in the money he picked up.


那小孩把捡到的钱上交了。



In the end,they gave in.


最终,他们屈服了。




give off


散发出



The gas gave off an unpleasant smell.


那种气体发出


难闻的气味。




give out


用完、耗尽、没有了。



Money gave out.


钱用完了。




give up


放弃、不再做、把??献给??



My father has given up smoking.


我爸“戒烟了。




He has given up his life to teaching.


他一生都献给了教育事业。



Don



t give up,try again.


别泄气,再试一次。



give birth to


生??;造成??的原因。




She gave birth to a baby last week.



His illness gave birth to his absence.


Give


my


regards/


best


wishes/love


to


sb.


向人问好




give off,


放出(光、烟、气味等)

< br>、散发,



give out,


放出,发出(声音,光线,气味等)



(食

物、燃料、力量等)用尽、筋疲力尽。




These red roses give off a sweet smell.



This device gives out flashes of light in the fog.



Both my strength and money gave out.


go bad


变坏



类似的:


go wrong,go mad,etc.


go


通常表示不好的变化。



Alice‘s face went red with anger.



My


husband‘s hair is going gray.




go+doing



表示


“去干某事”



多指从事与体育、


娱乐有关的活动。



go fishing



去钓鱼









go riding


去骑马



go boating


去划船









go climbing


去登山



go swimming


去游泳







go shooting


去射击



go walking


去散步









go hunting


去打猎



go shopping


去买东西







go cycling


去骑车



go dancing


去跳舞





go camping


去露营




g o+doing


”还可以表示从事某种职业。



go farming


务农







go nursing


当护士



go on doing , go on to do , go on with



1) go on doing sth .


指继续做同一件事。如:



After a short rest , they went on working .


短暂休息


之后,他们继续工作。



go on with sth .


指继续同一件事,此时



with


后能


接名词,代词,不能跟


ing


形式。如


:After a short


rest ,they went on with the work .


短暂休息之年,



们继续那项工作。

< p>


go on to do sth .


指接着做另外一件事。如:



After


finishing


the


words


,


they


went


on


to


go


over


the text.


结束单词后,他们接着通课文。



2)


类似意义的说法。



continue doing/ to do = go on doing;


go ahead with = go on with ,


隐含有付出努力之意



keep on doing




= go on doing



②指不顾困难,


反对或警告而坚持做某事。


如:


He kept on smoking


after the doctor told him to stop .


医生告诉他停止后,


高考英语复习知识点概要




他还是继续抽烟。



go through


浏览;经历;历经





He


went


through


several


houses,


but


haven‘t


bought one yet.


他看了好几套房子,但一套还没买。





The country has gone through too many wars.


这个


国家已经 历了太多的战争。





The plan must go through several stages.


这个计划必须经历几个过程。



拓展:


go through with


完成





He hasn



t gone through with his composition yet.


他还没写完作文。



go with


与??相配;适合。



I



d like a pair of shoes to go with my trousers.


我想

< p>
要一双和我的裤子相配的鞋。



go/do without


该短语表示


“没有??将就着也行”



Without


既是


介词也是副词,亦即带不带宾语都行。



[

应用


]


完成句子



①他没钱买电视,只能过着没有电视的日子。



He had no money for a TV set,so he had to _______


_______ ______.


②我们没有地图也行。



We have no map but we can ________ ________

Key:



go,without,it



do,without


had better (not) do sth.


最好(不要)做某事。



用来 委婉地提出建议或劝告


.had


通用于各种人称


和数的形式


.





You



d better give up dose no good to


your health.


你最好把烟戒掉,吸烟对健康没好处。




she had better not come this evening .


今晚她最好


不要来。



hand down(=pass down)


相传、传给



意思是“


(从上代)传下来(给后代)





In


poor


families,clothes


may


be


handed


down


from


one child to the next.


hand back


把??归还??;


hand in


面交,提出;


hand on


传阅,


依次传递;


hand out


分发;


hand over


移交。



happen


句型归纳







(1)happen to do sth.(


主语常为


“人”


)



意为


“碰


巧。恰好”



to


后可用不定式的一般式


to


d o,


完成



to have done


进行式


to be doing


如:



You happened to be out when I came to your house.


我到你家时,你正好出去了。



She happened to have just finished reading the book.


碰巧她刚刚读完那本书。



The


two


salesmen


happened


to


be


quarrelling


when


the manager entered.


经理进去时两个售货员碰巧在吵架。



(2)It(so)happen that


?“


(如此)碰巧,恰好”


。如:



It happens that he is a teacher of English.


恰好他是位英语老师。



It so happened that he was going that way too.


如此碰巧的是他也往那边走。


< p>
注意:句型


1


)和


2


)可互换,如:



I


happened


to


have


no


money


with


me./It


happened


that I had no money with me.


我碰巧身上没带钱。



(3)happen to sb./sth.


“某人


/


物出事,


发生了??情

况”




如:


What


has


happened


to


your


hand?


你的手怎么


了?

< p>


Be careful not to let anything happen to that child.


小心别让那个孩子出任何事。



[


应用


]


选择正确答案





We


haven



t


heard


from


Jane


for


a


long


time.(MET



91)



What do you suppose __________to her?


happening

















happen



happened



















happened



They happened to _______for Tianjin when we got


there.(MET



)








left







g


left



If anything __________you,let me know.


happened to















happening


s on



















s to


Key:



C



B



D


have a right to do sth.


有权做某事



right:< /p>


①当名词用,可有复数形式如:


human

rights


人权;但是当方向(右边)讲时,不可数,


t urn to


the right


向右转



②当形容词:


a.


右面的、向右的、政治上右倾的;


b.


对的、正确的、合适、恰当、正当;


c.


对头、没


事了。如:



He didn



t feel quite right.


他感觉不太舒服。



Your advice is right


你的建议是对的。



Which is the right answer?


哪个答案正确?



③当副词用,向右



Don



t forget to turn right when you meet a bookstore.


看到那家书店别忘了向右转。



The crowd divided right and left.


人群走散了(各奔西东)




have/find


+


difficulty/trouble


+


(in)doing


sth ./


with







高考英语复习知识点概要




sth.


There


be


+


difficulty/trouble


+


(in)


doing


sth./with


sth.


做某事 有困难


/


麻烦;在??方面有困难


/< /p>


麻烦。



其中的


difficulty



trouble


为不可数名词;


doing


前的介词


in


可省略。




I


have


some


difficulty(in)pronouncing


some


English words.


有些英语单词我发音有困难。




Everyone


in


the


town


knew


him;


so


we


had


no


difficulty(in) finding his house


。镇上所有的人都认


识他,所有我们毫不费力就找到了他的家。




The boy had little difficulty with maths.


这孩子学


数学没困难。




There was much difficulty (in) finding him.


好不容


易才找到他。



have mercy on/upon sb.


该短语意为 “宽恕(或可怜)某人”


,类似的词组


还有

show mercy to sb.




He always has mercy on the poor.


at the mercy of


?任由??摆布,


在??的掌握中。



如:


They were lost at sea,at the mercy of the winds


and the waves.


have no choice but to do sth.



该结构意为“别无选择的干??”



如:


You have no choice but to obey me.


have on,have…on



have on


表示


“穿着,


戴着”




have on sth.



have


sth. ,on


结构,


强调状态,


无进行时,< /p>


但有动词—


ing


短语形式。

< p>
have


?


on


表示“有 事,有约(会)




对比:

< p>


On


Children



s


Day,children


always


have


on


their


new clothes.


儿童节那天孩子们总是穿着新衣服。



I



ve nothing on



s go together.


明天


我没事,咱们一起去吧。



误:


In fact the king was having nothing on.


正:


In fact the king had nothing on.


事实上国王什么


也没穿。



正:


The king having nothing on walked in the front.


一丝不挂的国王走在最前面。


< br>[


应用


]


汉译英




He


has


something


on


this


evening.I



ve


to


go


without him.



He has his uniform on this evening.


have


something(nothing,much,little)to


do


with


与??有(没有,有很 大,有一点)关系。




I have nothing to do with that young man.



His job has something to do with telephones.



This


has


little


to


do


with


what


we


are


talking


about.



Do you have anything to do with that club?


He


sends


his


regards/best


wishes/love


to


you.


带人


问好时



也可用:


Please remember me to your parents.


head


vi.



?


?前


进,



某方



行进


。后面



for,forward

< br>的















east,eastward


等。


head south


向南行




Where are we heading?



Those ships are heading for HongKong.


hear vt,;vi.



1


)听见、听到(声音)




Listen!I heard somebody knocking at the door.


听!


我听到有人敲门。




Old Granny can



t hear very well.


老奶奶听觉不好


了。



(2)hear that(


宾从


)< /p>


听说某事




I heard that he had come back.


我听说他回来了。




I


heard


that


we


were


going


to


Qingdao


for


a


that true?


听说我们要去青岛度假,


是真的


吗?< /p>




3



hear of



听说;获悉。




I have heard of him,though I don



t know him.


尽管


我不认识他,但我听说过他。




They have never heard of American country music.


他们从没听说过美国的乡村音乐。




They have never heard American country music



他们从没听 过美国的乡村音乐。




4

< p>


hear from sb.


收到某人的来信。




Have


you


heard


from


Peter


recently?


最近收到彼


得的信 了吗?




No,I haven



t heard from him for three months.



有。我已


3


个月没收到他的信了。



heart


短语归纳



lose heart


失去信心;


lose one



s heart to sb./sth.

< p>


上某人


/


事;


give heart to sb.


鼓励某人;


give one



s


heart sb./s th.


爱上某人


/


事;


put one



s heart into



心扑在某事上;


heart and soul


全心全意地;


have a


kind heart


有一幅好心肠


;break one



s heart


使某人


伤心;


learn


?


by heart


记住,


背诵;


with a heavy/light


heart


心情沉重地

< p>
/


轻松愉快地



[


应用


]


完成句子



①这个队一场比赛未赢,结果灰心了。



The


team


had


won


no


game


and


it


________


________.


②我们很奇怪她怎么爱上一个外国老头。



We wonder why she ________ _________ ________


_______an



old foreigner.


高考英语复习知识点概要




③世上无难事,只怕有心人。



Nothing is too difficult in the world if you _______


_______


________ _______it.


④全心全意地为人民服务是一个党员的义务。



It‘s


the


duty


of


a


Par


ty


member


to


serve


the


people



________


_________ _________ __________.


Key:



lost,heart


lost,her,heart,to



put,your,heart,into



hear t,and,soul


help oneself to


“自 行取用(食物等)


,随意使用”



Help yourself to more cakes.


help to do sth.


该动宾结构意为“有助于干 某事”


,且不定式符号


to


可以省略,


即构成


help do sth.


的表达形式。


如:




This book helps to understand this question.



Exercises help build up.


hold


短语归纳



hold one



s hand


抓住某人的手;


hold me by the arm


抓住我的胳臂;


hold one



s breath


屏住气;


hold back


one



s tears



忍住泪水;


hold a meeting


开会;


hold


100 passengers


容纳


1 00


名乘客;


hold a position



住阵地;


hold back


阻止;


hold one



s head high



首,趾高气扬;


hold up the wounded part


抬高受伤


的部位;



hold


it


tight


抓紧;


hold


everything


in


secret


对一切都保密;


catch/get/take hold of a rope


抓住绳子;


hold a child in one



s arms


怀抱孩子;


hold a final examination


举行期末考试



[


应用


]


介、副词填空




Nothing can hold______the wheel of the history.



I held her _____ the hand and tried to follow her.



He was saved by taking hold______ the big stick.



Please


hold______


your


hand


if


you


have


any


questions to ask.


Key:



back



by



of



up


How


do


you


do


?


初次见面打招呼答语为


How


do


you do ?


也可用


Nice /Glad/Pleased to meet you.


熟人


见面打招呼




How


are


you?


随便一些可用


Hello,


Hi.


How


do


(did


)you


find


?


?(


你觉得


/


认为??怎么


样?


)


是征求对方对某人、某事的看法或意见的用


语。回答时在


fi nd


后要跟复合宾语。







How did you find the dishes?






(I found them)Tasteless.






How do you find Peter Gray?






I found him dishonest.


How long have you had it?


你买了多久了?



< p>




come/go/ leave/start/arrive/buy/die/join/borrow/marry


等不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。如


how


long,


for




since


所表示的时间。



①他去世三年了。



不能说:


He has died for 3 years.


而应说:


He


has


been


dead


for


3


years/He


died


3


years ago.



It is 3 years since he died.


②他参军多久了?



不能说:


How long has he joined the army?


而应说:


How


long


has


he


been


in


the


army?/How


long


has


he


been


a


soldier?/How


long


is


it


since


he


joined the army?


how long/how soon/how far/how often


(1)how


long


多久。表示一段时间,句中的动词应


是延续性的。是对


for



since


等所表示的时间状


语的提问。




How


long


have


you


lived


here


?


你在这里住多久


了?



①—


For three years.3


年了。



②—


Since 1997.



1997


年至今。



③—


Since


I


graduated


from


co llege.


从大学毕业至


今。



(2)how soon (


将来


)< /p>


多久;


(过)多久(以后)


。是对


in


所表示的时间状语的提问。




How soon can you finish the work?


多久你能完成


这工作?




In three hours. 3


小时后。




3



how far


多远。用来提问距离。




How far is your hometown from here?


你家乡离这


里多远?




Twenty kilometres.20


公里。



(4)how often(


每隔


)< /p>


多久;多经常。用来提问频度。




How often do you usually go home?


你多久回家一


次?




Twice a month.


一个月两次。



how to do sth.


是由“疑问副词


+


动词不定式 ”构成


的复合结构,在句中可作表语。



How to deal wi


th it hasn‘t been decided.



My question is how to feed so many people.


however adv.


然而;但是。表示转折,起承上启下


的作用。


本身具有相对的独立性,


通常逗号与句子


其他 部分隔开。




He likes singing. He can



t sing very well, however.


他喜欢唱歌,然而唱不好。




He


didn



t


agree


with


me


;


however,


he


said


nothing.


他不同意 我的看法,但他什么也没说。



human(being)[c ]


人,与动物等对比的人


(the


human


高考英语复习知识点概要




人类


)



A human being tells the machine what to do, when


to do and how to do.


人让机器做什么、什么时候做和怎样做。




In the story human beings were replaced by robots.


在这个故事里,人类被机器人所代替。



hurt,wound


二者都有“受伤”之意,但含义有所不同。


< br>Wound


指外伤,如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等,尤指战


争、 战斗中受伤。而


hurt


既指肉体上的也指精神


上的伤害,含强烈疼痛意味。如:



be badly wounded in the battle


战斗中受重伤;



wound death


使某人受伤致死;



hurt


one



s


back


摔伤了后背;


hurt


one



s


feeling


伤害某人的感情;


be hurt by his words


被他的话所


伤害。



注意:



可用作名词:



have a wound in the chest


胸部受伤;



receive a serious wound


受重伤;


the wounded


伤员。




还可用作不及物动词,表示“疼痛难受”对


比:



The


girl


fell


off


her


bike.


She


hurt


one


of


her


legs


hurts.


姑娘从自行车上掉下来,有一条腿疼得厉害。



[


应用


]


完成句子

< p>


①这位战士头部受了伤


.


The


soldier


______


______


_____in


his


head./The


soldier ______


_______in


the


head./The


soldier


head


______


______.


②他们说我的那些话使我很伤心。



I was rather__________by what they said about me.


③我右腿疼。



My right foot ________.


④他的伤似乎是很重。



It seemed that he _________badly_________.


Key:



received,a,


would/was,


wounded/was


wounded




hurt



hurts



was, hurt/wounded


I must be off now.






I must go now .





I must


be leaving now.


表示自己要走时



I think it would be a good idea to(do sth.)


“我想 ,干某事是个好主意”


(是委婉地提出建议


的交际英语)




A


< p>
I



m afraid I



m putting on weight.


B:I


think


it


would


be


a


good


idea


to


keep


on


doing


moning exercises.


idea



n.



主意,想法




have an idea









have the idea of doing



have an idea that/wh-


从句



He thought and thought, and then he had an idea.


他想啊想,终于有了一个主意。



She had the idea of discussing the problem with her


husband.


她有一个与丈夫商讨此事的办法。



I have an idea that he will lose.


我认为他会输的。



Do you have any idea where he has gone?


你知道他到哪儿去了吗?



if



unless


的异同



1)


通常


unless


等于


if not


如:



I


won‘t


go


unless


he


comes


.=


I


won‘t


go


if


the


doesn‘t come .



2)


在下面的句子中不 可做此替换。如:



I



ll be surprised if he doesn



t have an accident .



要是不出事故,我倒会感到奇怪了。< /p>



unless


不能用于“由于未发生


B


而产生


A


” 的句


子,再如:



I



ll be quite glad if she doesn



t come this evening.


要是他今晚不来,我才高兴呢。



mix



.


混合


mixture n.


混合物



Water and oil will not mix .


油和水不相溶合。



Mix black with white


混淆黑白。



注意:下面句子中


mix


的形式。



A rain is falling ,mixed with snow .


雨夹着雪在下着。

< p>
I



m sorry(that)


?很抱歉??。是自认为表现欠妥


或做事失误时的道歉用语,

< br>其后的从句说明道歉的


内容和原因。




I



m sorry I can



t answer the que stion.


对不起我


不会回答这个问题。



I



m sorry that I broke your glass.


很抱歉我把你的


杯子打破了。



imagine


1)


接名词、代词:


You can



t imagine the life on the


island.


你无法想象岛上的生活。



2


)接动名词:


She never imagined her going abroad


for further education.


她从没设想过会出国深造。



3


)接从句:


You can



t imagine how worried I was


those days.


你想象不到那几天我是多么焦虑啊。



4


)接复合宾语:


The boy imagined himself to be a


hero.


这男孩把自己想象成了英雄。



[


应用


]


选择正确答案



I can hardly imagine Peter ______across the Atlantic


Ocean in five


days.(MET‘91)










sail








g









have sailed


Key:C


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



本文更新与2021-03-01 01:12,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/684945.html

高考英语知识点总结(超全版)的相关文章