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Unit 4 Cultural Encounters
Key to
the Exercises
Text comprehension
I.
B
II.
1. T;
2. F;
3.
T;
4. T;
5. T.
.
III.
1.
“snail mail”.
2.
“an essential stepping stone on the road to
success”.
3. “the profound
relationship between language and culture that
lies at the heart of society”.
4. “the means to shape our views of the
world”.
5. “to negotiate the
boundaries between languages and to compromise in
translation”.
6. “to use
linguistic skills, to think differently, to enter
into another culture’s
mentality and to
shape language accordingly”.
IV.
1. The age we are living provides us
with convenient ways to reach any part of the
world.
、
2. It seems that everyone is able to
always get in touch with anyone else if he or she
can afford
to.
3.
is the most important to society.
4. This is
a fundamental
skill in today’s world, where different cultures
interact.
5. Lots of people
are finding ways to interrelate different
cultures.
Structural analysis of the
text
1.
The
last
sentence
of
the
3rd
paragraph:
“Most
fundamental
is
the
profound
relationship
between
language and culture that lies at the heart of
society and one that we overlook at our
peril.”
2.
Paragraph 4:
The
lack
of
an exact
counterpart
of
the
English word
“homesickness”
in
other
languages such as Italian, Portuguese,
and German.
Paragraph 5: The
problem of untranslatability which the early Bible
translators encountered.
Paragraph 6: English and Welsh speakers
make adjustments regarding the color spectrum in
the
grey / green / blue / brown
ran
ge; The word “democracy” means
completely different things in
different contexts; the flat breads of
Central Asia are a long way away from Mother’s
Pride white
sliced toasties, yet the
word “bread” has to serve for both.
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Vocabulary
I. Phrase
practice
1. provided =as
long as
假如，倘若
need never be out of touch =can never
fail to be reached
从不会失去联系
2. regardless of =no matter
不管，不顾
3. overlook
at our peril =fail to notice at great risk
忽视
……
的危险或风险
4.
hovers
somewhere
in
and
around
all
those
words
=may
be
described
by
these
words
to
varying degrees
5. hit the problem of untranslatability
head-on = were directly confronted with the
problem that
something in one language
cannot be rendered into another
！
II.
1. stepping
stone; 2. at their peril; 3. serve; 4. mentality;
5. staple; 6. facilitating;
7. messaging; 8. hybrid.
III. Word derivation
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate
forms of the given words.
1.
economy
2. accessible
3. fundamentally
4. homesick
5. negotiable
6.
adjusted
7. remoteness
8. complacently
IV.
…
1. D;
2. C;
3. A;
4.
D;
5. B;
6. A;
7. B;
8. C.
V. Synonym /
Antonym
Give a synonym or an
antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in
the sense it is used.
1.
Synonym: time, era, epoch
2.
Synonym: meetings
3.
Synonym: basic, fundamental
4. Antonym: misshape
5. Synonym: unavoidably
#
6. Synonym:
worry, concern, anxiety
7.
Antonym: hide, conceal
VI. Prefix
Write
in each space one word that has the same prefix as
underlined in the given word.
1. unbelievable
2. imperfect
3. disagreement
4. misplace
5. malfunction
6. enable
7. surpass
8.
submarine
。
Grammar
I. Complete the following
sentences with the correct verb forms.
1. helps
2. hope;
are enjoying; sunbathe; go; are going.
3. is being.
4.
is typing
5. am not
eating.
6. am
reading
7. are always
leaving.
8. go; belongs;
wants; is using.
$$
9. is
boiling.
10. is putting; is
rewiring; is building.
II. Correct the errors.
1. is passing
→
passes; is shooting
→
shoots.
2. OK.
3. are crying.
4.
OK.
5. am knowing
→
know.
6. am gathering
→
gather.
《
7. work
→
am
working.
8. do
→
are; sneeze
→
sneezing.
III.
thank; are
dispatching; regret; have; are contacting; hear;
enclose/are enclosing; decide; have;
are listed; regret; hope; enclose/are
enclosing.
IV.
1. a. The
speaker is complaining; b. The speaker gives a
fact.
2. a. am considering;
b. have the opinion.
3. a.
It suggests a permanent nature; b. It suggests a
temporary behaviour.
%
4. a. is taking
care of; b. have no objection to.
5. a. am waiting for; b.
believe.
6. a. am waiting
for; b. believe.
V. Position of adjectives
Rewrite the following descriptions
putting the adjectives in the correct
order.
1. a large pair of
red woolen socks
2. a
powerful new white German car
3. a small rectangular grey Japanese
radio
4. a big modern
concrete office building
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