英语六级阅读理解真题卷及答案-2

英语六级阅读理解真题卷及答案

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Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In

this

section,

there

is

a

passage

with

ten

blanks.

You

are

required

to

select

one

word

for

each

blank

from

a

list

of

choices

given

in

a

word

bank

following

the

passage.

Read

the

passage

through

carefully

before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a

letter.

Please

mark

the

corresponding

letter

for

each

item

on

Answer

Sheet

2

with

a

single

line through

the

centre.

You

may

not

use

any

of

the

words

in the bank more than once.

The

pacific

island

nation

of

palau

has

become

home

to

the

sixth

largest

marine

world. the new marine reserve, now the largest in the pacific,

will--26--

no

fishing

or

mining.

Palau

also

established

the

world,

first

shark sanctuary in 2009.

The tiny island nation has set aside 500,000 square kilometres-80

percent

-of

its

maritime

--27--,

for

full

protection,

that's

the

highest

percentage of an--28 --economic zone devoted to remaining 20 percent of

the palau seas will be reserved for local fishing by individuals and

small-scale-- 29-- fishing businesses with limited exports.

theocean,

this sanctuary is a bold move that the people of palau recognise as 31

to our survival. we want to lead the way in restoring the health of the

occan for future generation

1

——文章来源网络，仅供参考

Palau has only been an_ 32 nation for twenty years and has a strong

history of environmental protection. it is home to one of the world's

finest marine ecosystems, with more than 1,300 species of fish and 700

species of coral.

Senator

hokkons

baules

lead

33

of

the

palau

national

marine

sanctuary

act,

said

the

sanctuary

willhelp

build

a-

34

future

for

the

palauan

people

by honoring the conservation traditions of our past

centuries-old custom of

fishing for key species in order to give fish 35 an opportunity to

replenish(

补充

).

a)allocate

b) celebrities

c)commercial

d)communities

e)essential

f)exclusive

g)independent

h) indulge

i)permit

j)secure

k) solitary

L)spectacle

m)sponsor

n)stocks

o)temitory

Data sharing: an open mind on open date

[

A]

It

is

a

movement

building

steady

momentum:

a

call

to

make

research

data, software code and experimental methods publicly available and

transparent. a spirit of openness is gaining acceptance in the science

2

——文章来源网络，仅供参考

community, and is the only way, say advocates, to address a'crisis'

incience whereby too few findings are successfully reproduced.

furthermore, they say, it is the best way for researchers to gather the

range of observations that are necessary to speed up discoveries or to

identify large-scale trends.

[B] the open- data shift poses a confusing problem for junior

researchers. on the one hand,the drive to share is gathering official

steam. since 2013, global scientific bodies have begun to back politics

that support increased public access to the other

hand,scientists disagree about how much and when they should share

date,and they debate whether sharing it is more likely to accelerate

science and make it more robust, or to introduce vulnerabilities and

more journals and make it more robust,or to introduce

vulnerabilities and more journal and funders adopt

data-sharing requirements, and as a growing number of enthusiasts call

for more openness, junior researchers must find their place between

adopters

and

those

who

continue

to

hold

out,

even

as

they

strive

to

launch

their own careers.

[C]

one

key

challenge

facing

young

scientists

is

how

to

be

open

without

becoming scientifically vulnerable. they must determine the risk of

jeopardizing

a

job

offer

or

a

collaboration

prosal

from

those

who

are

wary

of-or

unfamiliar

with

-open

science.

and

they

must

learn

How

to

capitalize

on the movement's benefits such as opportunities for more citations and

a way to build a reputation without the need for conventional metrics,

such as publication in high- impact journals.

[D]

some

fields

have

embraced

open

data

more

than

others.

researchers

in

psychology,

a

field

rocked

by

findings

of

irreproducibility

in

the

past

few years, have been especially vocal sup-porters of the drive for

more-open science.A few psychology journals have created incentives to

3

——文章来源网络，仅供参考

increase interest in repar open science. a few psychology journals have

created incentives porters of the drive for me lucible science -for

example,

by

affixing

an

to

articles

that

clearly

state

where

data

are available. according to social psychologist brian nose executive

director of the center for open science, the average data-sharing rate

for the journal Psychological science, which uses the badges, increased

tenfold to 38% from 2013 to 2015.

[E] funders, too, are increasingly adopting an open-data

policy .several strongly ergement,and some require,a date-management

plan that makes data available .The us national science foundation is

among these, some philanthropic (

慈善的

) funders, including the bill

Gates

foundation

in

seattle,

washington,

and

the

wellcome

trust

in

london,

alopen data from their grant recipients.

[F] but many young researchers, especially those who have not been

mentored

in

open

science

.are

uncertain

about

whether

to

share

or

to

stay

te

students

and

postdoes,who

often

are

working

on

their

lab

head's grant may have no choice if their supervisor or another senior

opposes sharing.

[G] some fear that the potential impact of sharing is too high,

especially at the early

stages of a

career.

a scary story

about someone getting scooped(

被抢先

),

”

says new York university

astronomer david hogg. those fears may be a factor in a lingering

hesitation to share data even when publishing in journals that mandate

it.

[H]

researchers

at

small

labs

or

at

institutions

focused

on

teaching

arguably have the most to lose when sharing hard-won data.

institution

and

teaching

load,

i

don't

have

postdocs

and

grad

students

says terry mcglynn, a tropical biologist at california state

university,Dominguez

hills.

stakes

are

higher

to

share

data

because

4

——文章来源网络，仅供参考

it's a bigger fraction of hats happening in my lab.

[I] researchers also point to the time sink that is involved in

preparing

data

for

others

to

the

data

and

associated

materials

appear in a repository(

存储库

), answering questions and handling

complaints can take many hours.

[J] the time investment can present other problems. in some cases,

says data scientist karthik Ram, it may be difficult for junior

researchers

to

embrace

openness

when

senior

colleagues

many

of

whom

head

selection and promotion teesht ridicule what they may view as misplaced

energies.

heard

this

recently

-that

embracing

the

idea

of

open

datad

code makes traditional academics uncomfortable,

seems

to

be

that

open

advocates

don't

spend

their

time

being

as

productive

as possible.

[

K]an

open-science

stance

can

also

add

complexity

to

a

collaboration.

kate

ratliff,

who

studies

social

attitudes

at

the

university

of

florida,

gainesville, says that it can seem as if there are two camps in a

field-those who care about open science and those who don't .

new area to navigate-'are you cool with the fact that i'll want to make

the

data

open?'-when

talking

with

somebody

about

an

interesting

research

idea,

[L] despite complications and concerns, the upsides of sharing can

be

significant.

for

example,when

information

is

uploaded

to

a

repository,

a digital object identifier(DOI)is assigned.

Scientists can use a DOT to publish each step of the research life

cycle, not just the final paper. In so doing, they can potentially get

three citations- one each for the data and addition to the

paper itself. and although some say that citations for software or data

have little currency in academia,they can have other benefits.

[M]

many

advocates

think

that

transparent

data

procedures

with

a

date

5

——文章来源网络，仅供参考