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The development of high speed railway
According to UIC (International Union
of Railways) definition, high-speed railway refers
to
the original line of standardized,
gauge, the operating rate reached more than 200
kilometers
per hour, or specially built
new
kilometers
per
hour
and
the
railway
system.
High-speed
railway
train
operating
speed
in
addition
to reach a certain standard, the vehicle, the
track, the operation needs to cooperate
with
lifting,
high-speed
railway
generalized
also
contains
a
high-
speed
rail
transportation
system using magnetic levitation
technology. Compared with other modes of
transportation,
the
high-
speed
railway
has
the
characteristics
of
large
capacity,
fast
running
speed,
high
transport efficiency,
launch low cost, high safety coefficient, obvious
comparative advantage.
From all over
the state of operation, high-speed railway
passenger train dominated, only a few
lines of freight business.
The three wave of the development of
high-speed railway in the world
Review
the world high-speed rail development, Experienced
three waves.
The first wave:
From
1964
to
1990,
The
world's
high-speed
railway
is
the
first
true
sense
of
the
Japanese
shinkansen.
The
line
from
Tokyo
to
start,
via
Nagoya,
Kyoto,
and
ultimately
to
the
(New)
Osaka,
a total length of 515.4 kilometers, running at
speeds up to 210 km / h. In 1964 October
the official opening of the new route,
marked a new era of high-speed railway in the
world.
The Tokaido Shinkansen has
obtained great success in technical, commercial,
financial and
social
benefits,
high-speed
railway
construction
achievements
very
significant.
Because
the
operation
benefit, Japan
in
1972
and
built
Shanyang,
northeast
and Joetsu
shinkansen.
The
Japanese
Shinkansen
success,
to
European
countries
to
the
huge
impact,
countries
have
to
build a high-speed railway. In 1981,
the French high-speed rail (TGV) opened between
Paris
and
Lyon,
now
has
been
formed
to
Paris
as
the
center,
radiation
in
the
French
city
and
neighboring countries of the railway
network, the French (TGV) south-east line in
operation
for a period of 10 years to
recover the investment in full. Since then,
Germany has developed
high-speed rail
system, built in Italy Rome to Florence line.
Outside of North America, the
most
developed economy and technology in the world of
Japan, France, Italy and Germany to
promote the first construction of high-
speed railway.
The second wave:
1990
to
90
time
metaphase.
This
period
of
high-speed
railway
show
new
feature.
One
is
already
built
high-speed
railway
state
into
the
high-
speed
rail
network
planning
and
construction
phase.
During
this
period,
Japan,
France,
Germany
and
other
countries
conducted
a
comprehensive
planning
of
the
high-speed
railway
network.
Japan
in
1971
passed the
Shinkansen
construction
method, and
make
the plan for
the
national
high-speed
railway
network
construction
in
Japan,
high-speed
network
began
to
develop
a
national
popularization.
France
in
1992
announced
a
national
high-speed
rail
network
planning,
20
new
high-speed
railway
mileage
4700km.
Germany
in
1991
April
approved
the
Federal
Railway
Reconstruction,
new
railway
projects,
including
13
projects,
of
which
4
new
high-speed railway. In 1986 the
government of Italy approved the transport
development plan
traffic,
build
cross
even
things,
runs
through
the
north
and
the
south,
up
to
1230km
shaped high-speed railway
network. Two is the cross-border high-speed
railway construction