前缀a-详细解读

巴朗词表速记（

14

）前缀

a

—

auto

a=

表语形容词前缀

(pred. a.)

如：

alike, asleep, akin

agog

构词：

a (pred. a.) + gog (merriment)

adj. highly excited; intensely curious.

We were all agog at the news that the celebrated movie star was giving up his career in order to

enter a monastery.

aloof

a

（

pred. a.

）

+ loof (far)

adj. apart; reserved.

Shy by nature, she remained aloof while all the rest conversed.

aloft

构词：

a (pred. a.) + loft (height).

参考词汇：

lofty

< br>—

elevated in character; exalted.

adv. upward.

The sailor climbed aloft into the rigging.

agape

—

gape

构词：

a (pred. a.) + gape

adj. openmouthed.

She stared, agape, at the many strange animals in the zoo

gape

v. open widely.

The huge pit gaped before him;

if he stumbled, he would fall in. Slack-jawed in

wonder, Huck

gaped at the huge stalactites hanging from the ceiling of the limestone cavern.

amiss

构词：

a (pred. a.) + miss (wrong)

adj. wrong; faulty.

Seeing her frown, he wondered if anything were amiss, also adv.

a=

副词（形容词）前缀

amok (also amuck)

构词：

a (ad) + mok (mad)

adv. in a state of rage.

The police had to be called in to restrain him after he ran amok in the department store.

asunder

构词：

a (ad) + sunder (sever, separarte)

adv. into parts; apart.

A fierce quarrel split the partnership asunder; the two partners finally sundered their connections

because their points of view were poles asunder.

awry

构词：

a (ad) + wry (twisted)

adv. distorted; crooked.

He held his head awry, giving the impression that he had caught cold in his neck during the night

also adj.

a=to

amass

构词：

a (to) + mass (gather)

v. collect.

The miser’s aim is to amass and hoard as much gold as possible.

a(n)=without

amnesia

构词：

a (without) + mnes (memory) + ia (disease).

例：

m nemonics

（记忆术）

n. loss of memory.

Because

she

was

suffering

from

amnesia,

the

police

could

not

get

the

young

girl

to

identify

herself.

amnesty

构词：

a (without) + mnes (memory) + ty (n.).

不记仇

=

宽恕

=

特赦

n. pardon.

When his first child was born, the king granted amnesty to all in prison.

amoral

构词：

a (without) + moral

（道德）

=

缺德的

adj. nonmoral.

The amoral individual lacks a code of ethics; he cannot tell right from wrong. The immoral person

can tell right from wrong; he chooses to do something he knows is wrong.

anemia

构词：

an (without) + hema (blood) + ia (disease)

n. condition in which blood lacks red corpuscles.

The doctor ascribes her tiredness to anemia.

anemic, adj.

anesthetic

构词：

an (without) + esthet (sensation) + ic (a--n)

n. substance that removes sensation with or without loss of consciousness.

His monotonous voice acted like an anesthetic; his audience was soon asleep. anesthesia, n.

atrophy

构词：

a (without) + troph (food) + y (n)

n. wasting away.

Polio victims need physiotherapy to prevent the atrophy of affected limbs, also v.

apolitical

构词：

a (not) + political =

对政治不关心

adj. having an aversion or lack of concern for political affairs.

It

was

hard

to

remain

apolitical

during

the

Vietnam

War;

even

people

who

generally

ignored

public issues felt they had to take political stands.

atypical

构词：

a (not) + typical

adj. not normal.

The child psychiatrist reassured Mrs. Keaton that playing doctor was not atypical behavior for a

child of young Alex’s age. “Perhaps not,” she replied, “but charging for house calls is!”

ab, ac, ad, af, ag…=to

acclimate

构词：

ac (to) + climate

v. adjust to climate or environment; adapt.

One of the difficulties of our present air age is the need of travelers to acclimate themselves to

their new and often strange environments.

accomplice

构词：

ac (to) + com (together) + plice (fold)

n. partner in crime.

Because he had provided the criminal with the lethal weapon, he was arrested as an accomplice in

the murder.

accost

构词：

ac (to) + cost (side

—

approach)

v. approach and speak first to a person.

When

the

two

young

men

accosted

me,

I

was

frightened

because

I

thought

they

were

going

to

attack me.

accouter

构词：

ac (to) + coutre (equip)

v. equip.

The

fisherman

was

accoutred

with

the

best

that

the

sporting

goods

store

could

supply,

accoutrement, n.

acknowledge

构词：

ac (to) + know + ledge (n.)

v. recognize; admit.

Altho

ugh I acknowledge that the Beatles’ tunes sound pretty dated nowadays, I still prefer them to

the gangsta rap songs my brothers play.

acquittal

构词：

ac (to) + quit (give up) + tal (n.)

n. deliverance from a charge.

His acquittal by the jury surprised those who had thought him guilty.

acquit, v.

adage

构词：

ad (to) + age.

取流传久远之意

n. wise saying; proverb.

There is much truth in the old adage about fools and their money.

adroit

构词：

ad (to) + roit (right).

右手灵巧

adj. skillfull.

Her adroit handling of the delicate situation pleased her employers.

affidavit

构词：

af (to) + fidavit (pledge)

n. written statement made under oath.

The court refused to accept her statement unless she presented it in the form of an affidavit.