-
麻醉方式:
underanaesthesia
复合麻醉:
balanced anesthesia/
mixed anesthesia
基础麻醉:
basal
anesthesia
阻滞麻醉:
block
anesthesia
骶麻,骶管麻醉;尾椎麻醉:
caudal
anesthesia
封闭循环式麻醉,紧闭循环式麻醉:
closed
circuit anesthesia
气管内麻醉:
endotracheal
anesthesia
硬膜外麻醉:
epidural
anesthesia
全麻,全身麻醉:
general
anesthesia
气插全麻:
general
endotracheal anaesthesia
浸润麻醉:
infiltration anesthesia
吸入麻醉:
inhalation anesthesia
吹入麻醉:
insufflation anesthesia
滑膜内麻醉:
intrasynovial
anesthesia
椎管内麻醉:
intrathecal
anesthesia
静脉麻醉,静麻:
intravenous
anesthesia
静脉局部麻醉:
intravenous regional
anesthesia
局麻,局部麻醉:
local/regional
anesthesia
神经阻断麻醉:
nerve
block anesthesia
开放式麻醉:
open
anesthesia
神经周麻醉:
paraneural
/perineural anesthesia
椎旁麻醉:
paravertebral
anesthesia
直肠(或肠内)麻醉:
rectal
anesthesia
冰冻麻醉,冷冻麻醉:
frost/r
efrigeration anesthesia/cryoanesthesia
鞍状阻滞麻醉:
saddle block
anesthesia
脊麻,脊髓麻醉,脊椎麻醉:
spinal
anesthesia
蛛网膜下腔麻醉:
subarachnoid
anesthesia
表面麻醉,局部麻醉:
topical
anesthesia
体位:
The patient was
laid/placed in the ... position.
蛙样位:
batrachian/froglike
position
博斯曼氏位,膝肘卧位:
Bozeman's
position
卧位:
decubitus positi
on
;
(左
/
右)侧卧位:
(left/right) lateral decubitus
position
头高足低位,屈膝背卧位,屈膝仰卧位:
dorsal
recumbent position
坐卧位,
福勒位:
Fowler's
position
;
低坐卧位:
low
Fowler's position
;
半坐卧位:
semi- Fowler's
position
;标准坐卧位:
standard Fowler's
position
;高坐卧位:
high Fowler's
position
去枕仰卧位:
horizontal
recumbent position
膝胸(卧)位:
knee-chest
position/genupectoral position
膝肘(卧)位:
knee-elbow position
截石位:
lithotomy position
端坐位:
orthopneic position
俯卧位:
prone position
复苏体位:
recovery position
头高位:
reverseTrendelenburg
position
罗斯氏卧位,垂头仰卧位:
Rose's
position
西姆斯卧位,半俯卧位,侧卧位:
Sims
’
position/ lateral position
西姆斯卧位:
Sims
’
recumbent position
坐位:
sitting position
蹲位:
squatting position
立位,站位:
standing position
仰卧位,背卧位,平卧位:
supine position
头低脚高位,特伦德伦伯格卧位:
Trendelenburg
's position
顶颏下位:
verticosubmental
position
顶颏位:
Waters'
position
解剖位置:
anatomical position
消毒铺巾:
The patient is
sterilized and draped routinely in the ...
position.
取
...
切口:
The/An incision
was made in the ...
Kocher<
/p>
切口,
弧形领式切口
:
< br>Kocher's incision
肋下缘切口:
subcostal incision
麦氏切口:
McBurney's incision
正中旁切口:
paramedian incision
上腹部切口,上腹部切开:
epigastric
incision
腹中线切开,正中切口:
midline
incision
腹直肌旁切口:
pararectus
incision
下腹横切口:
low
transverse abdominal incision
横式切口,普凡嫩施
蒂尔切口,下腹部横切口:
Pfannenstiel incision
表示身体位置
1.
”
at''
通常用于较狭的场所,即局限部位或点。
-在心尖处
at the apex of the
heart
-在左下胸处
at the left lower chest area
-在下颌右角处
at the
right angle of the mandible
-在色素沉着处的一个肿瘤块
a
tumor mass at the site of pigmentation
ex1:
脾尖可以在左肋缘处触知。
The spleen tip was palpable at the left
costal margin.
ex2:
在前右(肺)底处,
也可以听到一些微弱啰音。
A few fine
rales were also heard at the right base
posteriorly.
2.“in“
用于较大场所(部位)
,如表示「在~里面」时,可用于小地方。
< br>
-在右中腹,有一个肿块
have a mass in the right mid-abdomen
-左手无力且有麻感
weakness and numbness in the left hand
-胃痛
pain in the stomach
-各关节处酸痛
have
aching in various joints
ex1:
在上阴部皮肤上起了一个柔软、波动的胞囊状肿瘤物。
There is one soft, fluctuant cystic
mass arising from the skin in the suprapubic area.
ex2:
在上颌有一个无痛性的肿胀。
There is a painless swelling in the
roof of the mouth.
3.”on”
用于表示与表面接触的部位
:
-
舌尖上的一个坏死性溃疡
a necrotic ulcer on the tip of the
tongue
-
在左侧头部上的模糊痛
vague headache on the left side
-
在右下齿龈上
on the right lower gingiva
-
在左股上的一个带有疼痛的溃疡
a painful ulcer on the left thigh
Ex1:
由口腔检查知,在上下唇和舌表面下有瘀血。
Examination of the oral cavity
revealed petechiae on both upper and lowe lips and
on the undersurface
of the tongue.
Ex2:
在皮肤表面,可以看到外皮痂形成的病变。
Crusted lesions were seen on all
skin surface.
4.“over“
用于表示在其上的部位
:
-
上背部皮肤的痒感
itching on the skin over the upper back
-
右腕上的一个结节
a nodule over the right
wrist
Ex1:
在右股上前部有一度烧痕。
There was a first-degree burn over the
upper anterior portion of the right thihg.
Ex2:
由肺部检查知,呼吸声在左上胸前、后部变弱。
Examination of the lung fields
revealed the breath sounds to be diminished over
the left upper chest
anteriorly and
posteriorly.
5.’’above’’
表示部位在高低,在上面
(higher than)
Ex1:
住院时,在左肋缘上方有中等度黄疸和一个小疤痕。
< br>
On admission there was a moderate
degree of jaundice and a small scar above the left
costal margin.
Ex2:
在乳头上部,可以触
知豌豆大的结节。
A pea-sized nodule
is felt above the nipple.
6<
/p>
.”beneath”
表示底下的接触
:
Ex1:
右侧颊部粘膜下,有带痛的肿胀。
There is a tender swelling beneath
the right buccal mucosa.
Ex2:
她在
1959
年
1
< br>月,第一次在两侧乳房下皮肤,发觉有过度的色素沉着。
She first noticed hyperpigmentation of
the skin beneath both breasts in Jan. 1959.
7
.”under”
表示在其下的部位
:
Ex1:
他因口底下左下颌处疼痛和肿胀有
p>
72
小时而受检。
He was examined with a 72-hour
complaint of pain and swelling under the left jaw
in the floor of the
mouth.
Ex2:
在皮肤下可触知肿瘤。
Tumors are palpated under the skin.
8
.”below” (=lower
than)
Ex1:
子宫可以在脐下
2
指宽处触知。
The uterus was palpable 2 finger-
breadths below the umbilicus.
Ex2:
病人在右下颌的大臼齿,有一放射透过性的病变。
The patient has a radiolucent lesion
below the molar teeth in the right
mandible.
9
. “
along”
表示沿一长线的部位
:
Ex1:
收缩期杂音
(
第
5
度
)
,沿着左胸骨缘散播
出去。
A systolic (grade V)
murmur radiated along the left sternal border.
Ex2:
沿着胸骨缘可听到杂音。
A murmur was heard along the sternal
border.
10
.
“around”
表示周围静止的部位
:
Ex1:
这病人自觉她左眼周围肌肉的痉挛,和左脸逐渐无力,已
< br>3
年了。
For 3
years this patient was aware of a twitching of the
muscles around her left eye and a progressive
left facial weakness.
Ex2:
p>
疼痛集中在左眼周围,以及前额处。
The pain was centered around the left
eye and forehead.
切口的大小、位置、方向的表达
A
vertical midline 1.5 cm incision was made just
above the umbilicus for zero-degree camera port. <
/p>
在
脐上作一个
的
垂直中线切口放置
0
度摄影窗口。
An incision was made along the skin
crease on the right side of abdomen, about 1 cm
above the
umbilicus.
沿右腹脐上约
p>
1cm
处的皮肤皱褶作一个切口。
The incision was extended
upward/downward to... (from)...
切口(自)
p>
...
(向)上
/
下(延伸)
至
...
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