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手术句式

作者:高考题库网
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2021-02-28 18:40
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2021年2月28日发(作者:responsible)


麻醉方式:


underanaesthesia


复合麻醉:


balanced anesthesia/ mixed anesthesia


基础麻醉:


basal anesthesia


阻滞麻醉:


block anesthesia


骶麻,骶管麻醉;尾椎麻醉:


caudal anesthesia


封闭循环式麻醉,紧闭循环式麻醉:


closed circuit anesthesia


气管内麻醉:


endotracheal anesthesia


硬膜外麻醉:


epidural anesthesia


全麻,全身麻醉:


general anesthesia


气插全麻:


general endotracheal anaesthesia


浸润麻醉:


infiltration anesthesia


吸入麻醉:


inhalation anesthesia


吹入麻醉:


insufflation anesthesia


滑膜内麻醉:


intrasynovial anesthesia


椎管内麻醉:


intrathecal anesthesia


静脉麻醉,静麻:


intravenous anesthesia


静脉局部麻醉:


intravenous regional anesthesia


局麻,局部麻醉:


local/regional anesthesia


神经阻断麻醉:


nerve block anesthesia


开放式麻醉:


open anesthesia


神经周麻醉:


paraneural /perineural anesthesia


椎旁麻醉:


paravertebral anesthesia


直肠(或肠内)麻醉:


rectal anesthesia


冰冻麻醉,冷冻麻醉:


frost/r efrigeration anesthesia/cryoanesthesia


鞍状阻滞麻醉:


saddle block anesthesia


脊麻,脊髓麻醉,脊椎麻醉:


spinal anesthesia


蛛网膜下腔麻醉:


subarachnoid anesthesia


表面麻醉,局部麻醉:


topical anesthesia



体位:


The patient was laid/placed in the ... position.


蛙样位:


batrachian/froglike position


博斯曼氏位,膝肘卧位:


Bozeman's position


卧位:


decubitus positi on



(左


/


右)侧卧位:


(left/right) lateral decubitus position


头高足低位,屈膝背卧位,屈膝仰卧位:


dorsal recumbent position


坐卧位,


福勒位:


Fowler's position



低坐卧位:


low Fowler's position



半坐卧位:

< p>
semi- Fowler's


position


;标准坐卧位:


standard Fowler's position


;高坐卧位:


high Fowler's position


去枕仰卧位:


horizontal recumbent position


膝胸(卧)位:


knee-chest position/genupectoral position


膝肘(卧)位:


knee-elbow position


截石位:


lithotomy position


端坐位:


orthopneic position


俯卧位:


prone position


复苏体位:


recovery position


头高位:


reverseTrendelenburg position


罗斯氏卧位,垂头仰卧位:


Rose's position


西姆斯卧位,半俯卧位,侧卧位:


Sims



position/ lateral position


西姆斯卧位:


Sims



recumbent position


坐位:


sitting position


蹲位:


squatting position


立位,站位:


standing position


仰卧位,背卧位,平卧位:


supine position


头低脚高位,特伦德伦伯格卧位:


Trendelenburg 's position


顶颏下位:


verticosubmental position


顶颏位:


Waters' position




解剖位置:


anatomical position




消毒铺巾:


The patient is sterilized and draped routinely in the ... position.





...


切口:


The/An incision was made in the ...



Kocher< /p>


切口,


弧形领式切口


< br>Kocher's incision


肋下缘切口:


subcostal incision


麦氏切口:


McBurney's incision


正中旁切口:


paramedian incision


上腹部切口,上腹部切开:


epigastric incision


腹中线切开,正中切口:


midline incision


腹直肌旁切口:


pararectus incision


下腹横切口:


low transverse abdominal incision


横式切口,普凡嫩施 蒂尔切口,下腹部横切口:


Pfannenstiel incision



表示身体位置



1.



at''


通常用于较狭的场所,即局限部位或点。



-在心尖处


at the apex of the heart



-在左下胸处



at the left lower chest area



-在下颌右角处



at the right angle of the mandible



-在色素沉着处的一个肿瘤块



a tumor mass at the site of pigmentation


ex1:


脾尖可以在左肋缘处触知。



The spleen tip was palpable at the left costal margin.


ex2:


在前右(肺)底处, 也可以听到一些微弱啰音。



A few fine rales were also heard at the right base posteriorly.



2.“in“

用于较大场所(部位)


,如表示「在~里面」时,可用于小地方。

< br>


-在右中腹,有一个肿块



have a mass in the right mid-abdomen


-左手无力且有麻感



weakness and numbness in the left hand



-胃痛



pain in the stomach


-各关节处酸痛



have aching in various joints


ex1:


在上阴部皮肤上起了一个柔软、波动的胞囊状肿瘤物。



There is one soft, fluctuant cystic mass arising from the skin in the suprapubic area.


ex2:


在上颌有一个无痛性的肿胀。



There is a painless swelling in the roof of the mouth.



3.”on”


用于表示与表面接触的部位


:


-


舌尖上的一个坏死性溃疡



a necrotic ulcer on the tip of the tongue


-


在左侧头部上的模糊痛



vague headache on the left side


-


在右下齿龈上



on the right lower gingiva


-


在左股上的一个带有疼痛的溃疡



a painful ulcer on the left thigh

< p>
Ex1:


由口腔检查知,在上下唇和舌表面下有瘀血。


Examination of the oral cavity revealed petechiae on both upper and lowe lips and on the undersurface


of the tongue.


Ex2:


在皮肤表面,可以看到外皮痂形成的病变。


Crusted lesions were seen on all skin surface.



4.“over“


用于表示在其上的部位


:


-


上背部皮肤的痒感



itching on the skin over the upper back


-


右腕上的一个结节



a nodule over the right wrist



Ex1:


在右股上前部有一度烧痕。



There was a first-degree burn over the upper anterior portion of the right thihg.


Ex2:


由肺部检查知,呼吸声在左上胸前、后部变弱。



Examination of the lung fields revealed the breath sounds to be diminished over the left upper chest


anteriorly and posteriorly.



5.’’above’’


表示部位在高低,在上面


(higher than)


Ex1:


住院时,在左肋缘上方有中等度黄疸和一个小疤痕。

< br>


On admission there was a moderate degree of jaundice and a small scar above the left costal margin.


Ex2:


在乳头上部,可以触 知豌豆大的结节。



A pea-sized nodule is felt above the nipple.



6< /p>


.”beneath”


表示底下的接触


:


Ex1:


右侧颊部粘膜下,有带痛的肿胀。


There is a tender swelling beneath the right buccal mucosa.


Ex2:


她在


1959



1

< br>月,第一次在两侧乳房下皮肤,发觉有过度的色素沉着。



She first noticed hyperpigmentation of the skin beneath both breasts in Jan. 1959.


7


.”under”


表示在其下的部位


:


Ex1:


他因口底下左下颌处疼痛和肿胀有


72


小时而受检。



He was examined with a 72-hour complaint of pain and swelling under the left jaw in the floor of the


mouth.


Ex2:


在皮肤下可触知肿瘤。



Tumors are palpated under the skin.


8


.”below” (=lower than)



Ex1:


子宫可以在脐下


2


指宽处触知。



The uterus was palpable 2 finger- breadths below the umbilicus.


Ex2:

< p>
病人在右下颌的大臼齿,有一放射透过性的病变。



The patient has a radiolucent lesion below the molar teeth in the right mandible.



9


. “ along”


表示沿一长线的部位


:


Ex1:


收缩期杂音


(



5



)


,沿着左胸骨缘散播 出去。



A systolic (grade V) murmur radiated along the left sternal border.


Ex2:


沿着胸骨缘可听到杂音。



A murmur was heard along the sternal border.


10


. “around”


表示周围静止的部位


:

Ex1:


这病人自觉她左眼周围肌肉的痉挛,和左脸逐渐无力,已

< br>3


年了。



For 3 years this patient was aware of a twitching of the muscles around her left eye and a progressive


left facial weakness.


Ex2:


疼痛集中在左眼周围,以及前额处。



The pain was centered around the left eye and forehead.




切口的大小、位置、方向的表达



A vertical midline 1.5 cm incision was made just above the umbilicus for zero-degree camera port. < /p>



脐上作一个



的 垂直中线切口放置


0


度摄影窗口。



An incision was made along the skin crease on the right side of abdomen, about 1 cm above the


umbilicus.


沿右腹脐上约


1cm


处的皮肤皱褶作一个切口。



The incision was extended upward/downward to... (from)...


切口(自)


...


(向)上


/


下(延伸)



...


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-


-


-


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