-
THE MAIN DESIGN CALCULATING AND CHECK
STRENGTH
Part I Data
Required
Data
Required
Mss
of
the
carrying
device
Rated load
Nominal speed
Mc
Ml
v
Quantity
55
3500
0.03444
Unit
Kg
Kg
M/s
KN
mm
KN
Steel
rope
break
Fr
force
b
Steel
rope
Dr
diameter
Chain
breaking
Fc
force
b
Part II
Structural design of the supporting
structure
According EN 1493:2010 Part
5.7
Note:
“?”
Means EN
1493:2010
(1)
General
(
? 5.7.1)
The
design
of
vehicle
lifts
in
relation
to
materials,
construction
and
equipment
shall
be
such
that
a
satisfactory
level
of
safety
is
achieved
under
all
operating
conditions including the failure
situations described in this standard. This shall
be
demonstrated by calculation. Use of
the permissible stress method is allowable.
The
stress,
resulting
from
the
most
unfavourable
load
distribution,
shall
be
calculated for each load
bearing part.
□
For permissible stress see below.
□
If more the 22 000 load cycles at rated
load, need fatigue calculation.
□
In case of
exceptional situation the yield stress divided by
a
safety factor of 1.1 is acceptable.
(2)
Loads and forces (
?
5.7.2)
<1> Regular loads
(
? 5.7.2.1)
a)
Structure loads
The masses of components of the vehicle
lift produce the structural loads.
1)
Loads due to
components which are not
moving are
considered to
be static
structural loads.
Chain
Carrying Device
The carrying
device including the carrying arms is needed.
Mc, the mass of the
carrying device is
55
Kg
2)
Loads
due
to
moving
components
are
considered
to
be
dynamic
structural
loads.
See part c) the dynamic
forces
b)
Rated
load
This vehicle
lift
’
s rated load is
Ml is the rated load
c)
Dynamic forces
φ
=1.1 + 0.34 v = 1.1 + 0.34
*
3500
Kg
0.038
=
1.112
The result
is more than 1.151, so choose value as
1.151.
φ
: dynamic
factor
v : nominal speed
Note:
φ
is 1.151
maximum
d)
Manual forces
Manual force is produced by
operators. This force shall be taken as 1 000 N
acting
horizontally at the height of
the supporting point. For motor bike lifts this
force
shall be 10 % of the rated load,
but not less than 300 N.
Fm=
1000
N
Fm: manual
force
e)
Effects of
accessories
Effects of
accessories for the vehicle lift, e.g. jacking
beams, of a type approved
by the
manufacturer for use on that lift.
No additional accessories
Need addtional
data!
f) Effects of inclination
Influence of permissible inclination.
<2>
Occasional loads - In-service wind (
?
5.7.2.2)
if use
outside , see EN 1493 5.7.2.2, need calculation.
<3>
Exceptional loads
(
?
5.7.2.3)
a)
Out-of-service wind
Need calculation
b)
Action
1)
of the
catching device
Spring force = 300N
2)
of the re-
raising prevention device
No this function
c)
Test load for:
1)
dynamic test (see EN 1493:2010 6.1.5.2)
Fdt: means dynamic test
force
Fdt= 115% * Frl= 1.15
*
Frl
=
2)
static test (see EN 1493:2010 6.1.5.3)
Fst: means static test force
Fst=150% * Frl
= 1.5 *
=
⑶
Loads and
forces (
? 5.7.3)
The loads defined in 5.7.2 shall be
combined and classified as indicated in Table 3.
Table 3
–
Load combinations
Force
Load
Value
Clause
Load combination
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
Regular loads
5.7.2.1
F
sls
Structural
loads
a1
1
1
1
1
1
1
–
static
F
sld
Structural
a2
φ
1
φ
1
1
1
loads-dynamic
F
Rl
Rated load
b
φ
1
φ
1
1
1
F
Mf
F
Ea
F
Ei
F
IW
F
OW
F
cd
F
rpd
Manual forces
Effect
of
accessories
Effect
of
inclination
Occasional
loads
–
In-service wind
Exceptional loads
Out-of-service
wind
Action
of
the
catching
device
Action
of
the
re-raising
prevention device
d
e
f
—
φ
φ
1
1
1
—
—
—
—
—
φ
φ
1
—
—
—
1
1
1
1
—
—
—
—
1
1
—
1
—
—
—
1
1
—
—
1
—
C3
1
1
1
—
1
1
—
—
—
1
5.7.2.2
—
5.7.2.3
a
—
b1
b2
—
—
φ
Multiplication
factor according to dynamic factor
Load combinationa A1:
Y -Combination force
X
-Manual force
Normal operation
(raising/lowering) without wind or special forces
F
A1
= F
sls
* 1 +
F
sld
*
φ
+
F
Rl
*
φ
+
F
Ea
*
φ
+
F
Ei
*
φ
=
Load combinationa A2:
Normal operation
(service/repair work) without wind or special
forces
Y:
F
A2
=
F
sls
* 1 +
F
sld
*
1 +
F
Rl
*
1 +
F
Ea
*
1 +
F
Ei
*
1 =
X:
F
Mf
=
Load combinationa
B1:
Normal operation
(raising/lowering) with wind force
F
B1
=
F
sls
* 1 +
F
sld
*
φ
+
F
Rl
*
φ
+
F
Ea
*
φ
+
F
Ei
*
φ
+
F
IW
* 1 =
Load combinationa
B2:
Normal
operation (service/repair work) with wind force
Y:
F
B2
=
F
sls
* 1 +
F
sld
*
1 +
F
Rl
*
1 +
F
Ea
*
1 +
F
Ei
*
1 +
F
IW
* 1=
X:
F
Mf
=
Load combinationa
C1:
Vehicle lift out of service with wind
force
F
C1
=
F
sls
* 1 +
F
sld
*
1 +
F
Rl
*
1 +
F
Ea
*
1 +
F
Ei
*
1 +
F
OW
* 1 =
Load combinationa C2:
Action of the catching
device
F
C2
=
F
sls
* 1 +
F
sld
*
1 +
F
Rl
*
1 +
F
Ea
*
1 +
F
Ei
*
1 +
F
cd
* 1 =
Load combinationa C3:
Action of the re-raising
prevention device
F
C3
=
F
sls
* 1 +
F
sld
*
1 +
F
Rl
*
1 +
F
Ea
*
1 +
F
Ei
*
1 +
F
rpd
* 1 =
Table 3-R Load combination result
Load combination
result
A1
KN
A2
KN
B1
KN
B2
KN
C1
KN
C2
KN
C3
KN
⑷
Loads and forces (
?
5.7.4)
<1> General (
?
5.7.4.1)
The
following requirements shall be fulfilled if no
special data are specified
by
the
customer.
The
rated
load
shall
be
distributed
on
the
four
corners
of
a
rectangle
with the width equating to wheel track and the
length to wheel base.
<2> Wheel support vehicle lift for road
vehicles (
? 5.7.4.2)
The rated load shall be distributed
according to normative vehicle dimensions
as shown in Table 4.
When
carrying
out
structural
design
in
accordance
with
the
data
given
in
Table 4
consideration shall be given in each case to
normative vehicles both less
than and
equal to the rated load to ensure that the most
adverse loading situations
are
considered.
For structural
design purposes vehicle positioning on
load
carrying devices
shall
be considered in both directions.
The
vehicle track symmetry axis and the wheel supports
symmetry axis are
coincidental.
For
all
normative
vehicles
with
more
than
two
axles,
the
2-
or
3-axle
combinations shall be considered as a
single
The
minimum
distance
X
between
the
nearest
vehicle
axle
and
the
wheel
support
end
depends
on
the
type
of
normative
vehicle
(dimension,
single-,
double-, triple-
axle) (refer to Table 4).
When
calculating for tracks, the plate stresses caused
by supporting the loads
shall be taken
into account assuming that the load is uniformly
distributed on a
square or circular
area at a pressure of 50 N/cm2. In the case of a
virtual axle the
force to be considered
for calculating plate stresses shall be equally
distributed on
each axle. Plate
stresses need not be considered if the plain area
between any two
flanges or supporting
sections is not considered when calculating the
supporting
cross section.
Structural
design
shall
consider
the
vehicle
driving
on
and
off
wheel
supports.
<3>
Chassis supporting vehicle lift for road vehicles
(
? 5.7.4.3)
a)
2:3 and 3:2
(maximum load one pick-up point 3/10 of P)
On platform lifts the rated
load shall be distributed on the four corners of a
rectangle
with the dimensions
of:
―100 cm
(width) X140 cm (length); and
―170 cm (width) X 140 cm
(length)
at the maximum
length of the platform and at the worst condition
(with the maximum
load at the corner of
the platform or platform
extension).
On
vehicle
lifts
with
carrying
arms
the
rated
load
shall
be
distributed
on
the
four
corners
of
a
rectangle
with
the
dimensions
of
100
cm
(width)
with
the
maximum
load
at
the
maximum
length
of
the
longest
arm
and
the
short
arm
in
the
position
which gives the
worst condition.
b)
For rated loads > 3,5 t the load ratios
between the front and rear load carrying points
shall be (in both
directions):
1:3
and 3:1 (maximum load one pick-up point 3/8 P)
On
platform
lifts
the
rated
load
shall
be
distributed
on
the
four
corners
of
a
rectangular
with the
dimensions of:
―100 cm (width) 180 cm
(length); and
―170 cm
(width) X 180 cm (length)
at
the maximum length of the platform and at the
worst condition (with the maximum
load
at the corner of
the
platform or platform extension).
On
vehicle
lifts
with
carrying
arms
the
rated
load
shall
be
distributed
on
the
four
corners
of
a
rectangle
with
the
dimensions
of
100
cm
(width)
with
the
maximum
load
at
the
maximum
length
of
the
longest
arm
and
the
short
arm
in
the
position
which gives the
worst condition.
The maximum load one pick-up point
Factor of P - Pf is
<4>
Special
vehicle
lifts
(lifts
for
forklift
trucks,
dumpers,
rail-bound
vehicles, etc.) (
?
5.7.4.1)