-
Progressive Translation
Review-
转译、分译
?
He was a clever
man; a pleasant companion; a careless student;
with a great
propensity(
倾向
) for running
into debt, and a
partiality
(偏爱)
for the tavern.
?
Any book produced, no matter how well
written, which can be
classed with the
productions of a dead school by its thought and
feeling, will soon be forgotten.
?
他是个
聪明人,谈吐非常风趣,可是学习又不肯用苦功,他
老是东挪西借,又喜欢上酒店喝酒。
?
任何书
不管写得多么完美,只要思想和感情属于过时的旧派
产物,都会很快被人们遗忘。
The Techniques in English to
Chinese
Translation
?
正
反
p>
译
法
/
正
说
反
译
、
反
说
正
译
< br>法
(
n
e
g
a
t
i
o
n
)
?
p>
英语的否定表达是一个常见而又比较复杂的问题。有的英语
句子形式
上是否定的而实质上肯定的,有的形式上是肯定的
而实质上是否定的。有鉴于此,英译汉
时应特别注意两点:
?
一是正说反译,即英语里的有些正面表达的词语或句子,汉
译时可以从反面
来表达。
?
二是反说正译,即英语里的有些反面表达的词语或句子,汉
译时可以从正面来表达。<
/p>
Some examples about negation
?
He is not a
fool.
?
He is no
a fool.
?
他不是傻瓜。
?
他一点也不傻。(他很精明。)
?
It is not an
easy task.
?
It
is no easy task.
?
这不是件容易的事。
?
这可不是轻而易举的事。
?
It
is not a joke.
?
It is no joke.
?
这不是笑话。
?
这决不是开玩笑的事。(这是件正经事。)
?
I don’t think
he’ll come.
?
I don’t suppose it’s true.
?
我想他不会来。
?
我想这不是真的。
正说反译
?
有些动词诸如:
refuse, lack, defy,
forbid, stop, ignore, differ,
keep,
reject, refrain
等须用此译法。
?
To preserve the
fiction
,
she refrained from
scolding her
child until the guests
left.
?
为了不漏破绽,
p>
她强忍着不责骂孩子,
直到客人们纷纷离开。
?
The first bombs
missed the target.
?
第一批炸弹没有击中目标。
?
Such a chance
was denied me.
?
我没有得到这样一个机会。
?
This failure
was the making of him.
?
这次不成功是他成功的基础。
?
某些名词诸如:
defiance, denial,
exclusion, freedom, refusal,
loss
等也用此种方法翻译。
?
Shortness of
time has required the omission of some
states.
?
由于时间不够,没能访问某些国家。
?
A lack of
awareness of cultural differences or local customs
can create problems.
?
不注意文化差异或当地风俗可能会产生问题。
形容词
?
The explanation
is pretty thin.
?
这个解释是相当不充实的。
?
His refusal is
not final.
?
他的拒绝不是不可改变的。
?
He would be the
last man to say such things.
?
他绝不可能说这种话。
副词
?
We may safely say so.
?
我们这样说万无一失。(错不了)
?
A: the boy is
quite clever.
?
B: exactly.
?
甲:这孩子很聪明。
?
乙:一点不错。
?
This problem is above me.
(
介词
)
?
这个问题我不懂。
?
I will not go
unless I hear from him.
?
如果他不通知我,我就不去。
?
We believe that
the younger generation will prove worthy of our
trust.
(连词)
(形容词词组)
?
我们相信,年青一代将不会辜负我们的信任。
?
When Philip
missed the last bus, he was at a loss to know what
to
do.
(介词词组)
?
菲力普误了最后一班汽车,茫然不知该怎么办。
反说正译
?
The doubt was still unsolved after his
repeated explanations.
?
虽经他一再解释,疑团仍然存在。
?
How she longed
to unsay her tactless words!
?
她多么希望收回她那些不得体的话啊!
?
He carelessly
glanced through the note and got away.
?
他马马虎虎地看了看那张便条就走了。
?
The sea was,
unfortunately, very rough that day.
?
可惜,那天的还浪很大。
?
He
was an indecisive sort of person and always
capricious.
?
他这个人优柔寡断,而且总是反复无常。
?
All the
articles are untouchable in the museum.
?
博物馆内一切展品禁止触摸。
?
It was said
that someone had sown discord among them.
?
据说有人在他们中间搞挑拨离间。
?
Don’t lose time
in posting this letter.
?
赶快把这封信寄出去。
双重否定
?
英语的双重否定应译为肯定句,它是一种特殊的强调句型。
?
There is no
grammatical rule than has no exception.
?
任何语法规则都有例外。
?
It never rains
but pours.
?
不雨则已,下雨倾盆。
?
There is no
story without coincidence.
?
无巧不成书。
不能望文生义
?
I couldn’t
agree more.
?
我太赞同你的看法了。
?
You cannot be
too careful in proofreading.
?
校对时,越仔细越好。
?
All that
glitters is not gold.
?
发光的并不一定都是金子。
要注意正说和反说的语体变化。
?
禁止张贴
?
Poster
Forbidden [formal]
?
No Posters, please [informal]
?
的的确确
?
Indeed[informal]
?
It is beyond
doubt that [formal]
Translation
practice
?
正话反说
?
1. Reading is
far from the only source of knowledge.
?
2. ―I love
you,‖ she said.‖So do I,‖ I replied, shunning the
use of that powerful and dangerous
statement.
?
.
White said he still hoped to be the first one to
complete the first human head
transplant, but admitted his
age was
working against him.
?
1.
阅读远非知识的唯一来源。
?
2. ―
我爱你
‖
,她说。
―
< br>我也是
‖
,我答道,尽量不用那句铿锵有
力而又十分危险的话语。
?
3.
怀特教授说,他仍然希望自己是第一个完成首例人类头颅<
/p>
移植手术的人,但他同时也承认,自己毕竟已入暮年,未免
力不从
心。
?
反话正说
?
1. He is no coward.
?
2. A book may
be compared to your neighbor; if it is
good, it can not last too long; if bad,
you cannot get rid
of it too early.
?
3. It’s beyond
doubt that China has made brilliant
achievements in space exploration in
the last forty
years.
?
1.
他是非常勇敢的。
?
2.
一
本书可以比作邻居;如果是好的,结识愈久愈好;如果
是坏的,分手愈早愈好。
?
3.
毋庸置疑,
中国的航空事业在过去的四十年中已取得了辉
煌的成就。
?
Please do
exercises on pages 228
Progressive
Translation
英译汉的技巧
—
语态转换法
change
of voices
Chinese passive v.s. English
passive
?
英语被动语态使
用频繁,尤其在科技文献、政论文章、新闻
报道中使用更多。汉语很少使用被动语态,即
使使用,也不
象英语那样有固定的构成形式。
?
The numerical
data concerned are provided in the 2nd
Chapter.
?
第二章提供了有关的数据资料
.
?
A triangle is
defined as a plane figure with three sides and
three angles.
?
<
/p>
―
三角形
‖
的定
义是有三条边和三个角的平面图形
.
2.
汉语被动主要表达的是对主语
不太好的事情。
而英语则是表
示一种客观公正的色彩。
He appeared on the stage and
was warmly applauded by the
audience.
他出现在台上,观众报以热烈的掌声。
3.
汉语的被动语态没有英语使用的频繁,
< br>但是被动的意义可以
用很多形式来表达。
一:英语被动句译成汉语的被动句
1
(带
―
被
‖<
/p>
,
―
给
‖
,
―
加以
‖
,
―
受
‖
等被动指示词),
2
不带
―
被
‖
的被动句
(被动意义很明显的时候)
At the end of the year she was fired
for incompetence.
(
p239
)
年底,她因无能被解雇了。
That
schoolgirl was knocked down by a bus when she was
crossing the street. (p240)
那名女生在过街的时候让(给
/
被)一辆公共汽车给撞倒了。<
/p>
2. Production costs have been greatly
reduced. (p.239)
生产成本已经(被)大大降低了。
Practice