河北省衡水中学2018届高三二十模考试英语试题(有答案)

分）

从每题所给的四个选项

（

A

、

B

、

C

和

D

）

< br>中，

选出最佳选项，

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Climbing Without Ropes

The popular image of the mountain climber is of a person carefully climbing a steep cliff with a network of

safety ropes, but it is not the only kind. Many climbers now enjoy bouldering. It

’

s more accessible and better for the

environment.

What is bouldering?

Bouldering is a sport that involves climbing on, over, and around boulders up to approximately

twenty feet above the ground. Participants employ no safety ropes.

Why boulder?

?

Bouldering Terms

crimp: a very small handhold

foothold: a place where one may place a foot to aid in

climbing boulder

jug: a very large handhold that is easy to use

problem: The path up a boulder is referred to as the

“problem” that one must solve. The “solution” is the

sequence of moves one makes up and over a boulder.

improve your climbing skills by

focusing on basics

?

places to climb, such as climbing walls

at gyms and parks, easy to find

?

less time commitment to bouldering

than to mountain climbing

?

intellectual and physical enjoyment as

one solves problems

Here is an example of a climber addressing a bouldering problem.

Figure 1: The climber has two routes she could take, one to the left and one to the right. The left one appears

easier because it has a jug within easy reach, but look what happens if she chooses that direction. She gets stuck on

the rock and has to go back down. Sometimes that is even more difficult than going up.

Figure 2: The climber takes the one to the right this time. Using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp,

she is able to lift herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the

top of the boulder and pull herself up.

21. Why does bouldering become popular?

A. It challenges the limits.

C. It builds minds and bodies.

B. It costs less.

D. It is a team game.

22. According to the example, the right route is

.

A. a shortcut

B. a dead end

D. lined with jugs

C. tough but to the top

23. The passage is likely to appear in

.

A. a book review

B. a science report

D. a sports magazine

B

One of the greatest sources of unhappiness, in my experience, is the difficulty we have in accepting things as

they are.

When we see something we don

’

t like, we wish it could be different. We cry out for something better. That may

be human nature, or perhaps it

’

s something ingrained

（根深蒂固）

in our culture. The root of the unhappiness isn

’

t

necessarily

that

we

want

things

to

be

different.

However,

it’s

that

we

decided

we

didn’t

like

it

in

the

first

place.

We’ve judged it as bad, rather than saying, “it’s not bad or good, and it just is it.”

In one of my books, I said “You should expect people to mess up and expect things to go

differently than you

planned.” Some readers said it’s too sorrowful to expect things to go wrong.

However, it

’

s only negative if you see it

as negative and judge it as bad. Instead, you could accept it as the way the world works and try to understand why

C. a newspaper advertisement

that is.

This can be applied to whatever you do: how other people act at work, how politics works and how depressing

the news media can be. Acce

pt these things as they are, and try to understand why they’re that way. It will save you a

lot of sadness, because you’ll no longer say, “Oh. I wish bad things didn’t happen

!

”

Does it mean you can never change things? Not at all. But change things not bec

ause you can’t accept things as

they are, but because you enjoy the process of changing, learning and growing.

Can we make this world a better place? You can say that you

’

ll continue to try to do things to help others, to

grow as a person, to make a difference in this world. That

’

s the correct path you choose to take, because you enjoy

that path. Therefore, when you find yourself judging and wishing for difference, try a different approach: accept, and

understand. It might lead to some interesting results.

24. The author believes that we feel unhappy maybe because

.

A. it is our natural emotion in the life

B. culture asks us to be different from others

C. everyone has their own opinions on things

D. we dislike something in the beginning

25. What does the underlined word

“It”

in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. Acting well at work and in politics.

B. Feeling depressed for the news media.

C. Accepting and understanding what has happened.

D. Saying something negative when bad things come.

26. What are you advised to do according to the last paragraph?

A. Help others make a difference.

B. Enjoy what you have to do in the work.

C. Judge yourself and make a wish for you.

D. Try a new way when making the world better.

27. What is the main theme of the passage?

A. Expecting things to be different gives us hope.

B. Accepting can make our life happier and better.

C. Traditional culture becomes root of unhappiness.

D. Judging good or bad is important for our world.

C

Why

do

you

go

to

the

library?

For

books,

yes

－

but

you

like

books

because they tell stories. You hope to get lost in a story or be transported

into someone else’s life. At one type o

f library, you can do just that

－

even

though there’s not a single book.

At a Human Library, instead of books, you can

“

borrow

”< /p>

people. Individuals volunteer as human

“

books

”

and

participants

in

the

event

can

“

read

”

the

book

－

meaning

they

would

have

a

one-on-one

conversation

with

the

volunteer and share in a dialogue about that i

ndividual’s experience. “Books” are volunteers from all wa

lks of life

who have experienced discrimination based on race, religion, class, gender identity, age, lifestyle choices, disability

and other aspects of their life.

For a certain amount of time, you can ask them questions and listen to their stories, which are as fascinating and

as attractive as any you can find in a book. Many of the stories have to do with some kind of stereotype. You can

speak with a refugee

（难民）

, a soldier suffering from PTSD, a homeless person or a woman living with HIV. The

Human Library encourages people to challenge their own long-held beliefs

－

to truly get to know, and learn from

someone they might otherwise make a quick judgment about.

According to its website, the Human Library is “a place where difficult questions are expected, app

reciated and

answered” It provides the opportunity for the community to share and understand the experiences of others in their

community.

The Human

Library

Organization

came

to

be

in

Copenhagen, Denmark

in

2000. Ronni

Abergel,

his

brother

Dany,

and

some

colleagues

hosted

a

four-day

event

during

a

major

Northern

European

festival,

hoping

to

raise

awareness

about

violence

among

youth.

After

the

success

of

this

event,

Abergel

founded

the

Human

Library

Organization, which has been growing ever since.

Though there are a few permanent human libraries, most aren

’

t places at all, but events. Though many do take

place at physical libraries,

you don

’

t need a library card

－

anyone can come and be part of the experience. There

have been human library events all over the globe, in universities and in pubs, from Chicago to Tunis to Edinburgh

to San Antonio.

The stories these “books” tell range from fascinating to heartbreaking and everything in between. And that’s the

very point of the organization

－

to prove that no person can be summed up in just one word. It seeks to show people

that you truly can’t judge a book by its cover

－

or by its title or label.

28. What are the “books” in human libraries?

A. Long- held beliefs attracting individuals.

B. Inspiring stones motivating people in trouble.

C. Events in which people can talk to volunteers.

D. Unfairly-treated people sharing their experiences.

29. In human libraries, the readers are likely to

.

A. deepen their understanding of people

B. enrich their own personal experiences

C. hear the stories from all over the world

D. make quick judgments about the “books”

30. The event in Copenhagen is significant because it

.

A. aimed to help the young suffering from violence

B. attempted to replace traditional physical libraries

C. laid a foundation for the Human Library Organization

D. led to a pleasing development for the community with racism

31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Foundation of a New Library

B. Sharing of Inspiring Stories

C. “Borrow”

People Instead of Books

D. Never Judge a Book by its Cover

D

There

may

come

a

day

when

human

use

robotic

parts

to

enhance

our

abilities.

But

long

before

then,

a

seemingly opposite thing may take place, with robots being equipped with human tissue or other living cells to make

them more lifelike.

These

“biohybrid”

robots

could

be

given

muscle

cells

to

help

them

perform

tiny

movement.

And

on

a

microscopic scale, tiny robots could be combined with bacteria to carry them through the body for precise medical

procedures.

In a new review of studies, an international group of scientists and engineers described the state of biohybrid

robotics - a field that is entering a

“

deep revolution in both the design principles and constitutive elements

（构成要

件）

”

of robots. The review was published in the journal Science Robotics.

“

In this field, we utilize the functions of living cells in artificial robots to make them perform better,

’’

said lead

author Leonardo Ricotti of the BioRobotics Institute in Pisa, Italy.

Scientist

have

created

robbots

of

all

shapes

and

sizes

with

increasing

complexity

in

recent

decades.

Some

robots function well in factories. Robots smaller than a millimeter are being developed to be placed in the body to

kill cancer cells or heal wounds.

But

what

’

s

lacking

among

all

these

fascinating

robots

is

the

range

of

fine

movement

and

energy

efficiency

found in living organisms

（生物 体）

.That

’

s why it

’

s necessary to combine elements of living organisms with robots,

said Ricotti.

If robot movement and efficiency are improved, scientists could use them to explore the human body, monitor

environments too small for current robots, or manufacture products with greater precision, the authors wrote in the

review.

There

are

limits

to

what

these

biohybrid

robots

can

achieve,

though,

Ricotti

said.

Living

cells

need

to

be

nourished

（滋养）

, which means that, for now, these robots tend to be short-lived. Also, biohybrid robots can operate

only in the temperature range suitable for life.

Despite

these

challenges, Ricotti

and

his

colleagues

said,

the

field

of

biohybrid

robots

is

rapidly

developing

from the “art of the possible” to the “reliable manufacturing”.

32. What can we learn about “biohybrid” robots from the passage?

A. They could be combined with human body.

B. They could move in a much more precise way than ordinary robots.

C. They are robots specially designed for disabled people.

D. They could help to improve the function of human tissue.

33. The underlined word “utilize” in the fourth paragraph probably means “

”.

A. run into

B. take charge of

C. put up with

D. make use of

34. What factors limit biohybrid robots at present?

①

Cells can

’

t stay alive for a long time in robots.

②

They can

’

t be completely controlled by human.

③

They can

’

t be used in extreme heat or cold.

A.

①②

B.

②③

C.

①③

D.

①②③

35. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. Great progress has been made in the field of biohybrid robots.

B. Biohybrid robots are developing slowly due to their limitations.