2011年3月5日专八 (TEM8) 真题+答案+听力材料[完整版]

2011

年专业八级

(TEM8)

真题

+

答案

+

听力原文

[

完整打印版

]

ants05

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2011)

-GRADE EIGHT-

TIME LIMIT: 195 MIN

PART I

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

(35 MIN)

SECTION A

MINI-LECTURE

In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY While listening,

take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete

a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to

check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE.

Use the blank sheet for note-taking.

Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require maximum of THREE words.

Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically & semantically acceptable. You may

refer to our notes.

Classifications of Cultures

According to Edward Hall, different cultures result in different ideas about the world. Hall is an

anthropologist. He is interested in relations between cultures.

I.

High-context culture

A. feature

—

context: more important than the message

—

meaning (1) ________________

i.e. more attention paid to (2) ________ than to the message itself

B. examples

—

personal space

preference for (3) ___________

less respect for privacy/personal space

attention to (4) ________

concept of time

—

belief in (5) _________ interpretation of time

—

no concern for punctuality

—

no control overtime

II.

Low-context culture

A.

feature

—

message: separate from context

—

meaning (6) __________

B.

examples

—

personal space

—

desire/respect for individuality/privacy

—

less attention to body language

—

more concern for (7) ________

—

attitude toward time

—

concept of time: (8) ___________

—

dislike of (9) _____________

—

time seen as commodity

III.

Conclusion

Awareness of different cultural assumptions

—

relevance in work and life

e.g. business, negotiation, etc.

—

(10) ___________ in successful communication

SECTION B

INTERVIEW

In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions

that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.

2011

年专业八级

(TEM8)

真题

+

答案

+

听力原文

[< /p>

完整打印版

]

ants05

Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds

to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

1. According to Dr. Harley, what makes language learning more difficult after a certain age?

ences between two languages.

g capacity to learn syntax.

C. Lack of time available.

D. Absence of motivation.

2. What does the example of Czech speakers show?

A. It’s natural for language learners to make errors.

B. Differences between languages cause difficulty.

C. There exist differences between English and Czech.

D. Difficulty stems from either differences or similarity.

3. Which of the following methods does NOT advocate speaking?

A. The traditional method.

B. The audiolingual method.

C. The immersion method.

D. The direct method.

4. Which hypothesis deals with the role of language knowledge in the learning process?

A. The acquisition and learning distinction hypothesis.

B. The comprehensible input hypothesis.

C. The monitor hypothesis.

D. The active filter hypothesis.

5. Which of the following topics is NOT discussed during the interview?

A. Causes of language learning difficulties.

B. Differences between mother tongue and a second language.

C. Theoretical conceptualization of second language learning.

D. Pedagogical implementation of second language teaching.

SECTION C

NEWS BROADCAST

In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions

that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

Question

6

is

based

on

the

following

news.

At

the

end

of

the

news

item,

you

will

be

given

10

seconds to answer the question.

Now listen to the news.

6. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A. Greyhound is Britain's largest bus and train operator.

B. Currently Greyhound routes in Britain are limited.

C. The coach starts from London every hour.

D. Passengers are offered a variety of services.

Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given

20 seconds to answer the questions.

Now listen to the news.

7. What does the news item say about the fires in Greece?

A. Fires only occurred near the Greek capital.

B. Fires near the capital caused casualties.

C. Fires near the capital were the biggest.

D. Fires near the capital were soon under control.

8. According to the news, what measure did authorities take to fight the fires?

A. Residents were asked to vacate their homes.

B. Troops were brought in to help the firefighter.

C. Air operations and water drops continued overnight.

D. Another six fire engines joined the firefighting operation.

Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given

20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.

9.

Which

of

the

following

is

NOT

mentioned

as

a

cause

of

the

current

decline

in

the

Mexican

economy?

A. Fewer job opportunities in Mexico.

B. Strong ties with the U.S. economy.

C. Decline in tourism.

D. Decline in tax revenues.

10. Drop in remittances from abroad is mainly due to _______

A. declining oil production.

B. the outbreak of the H1N1 flu.

C. the declining GDP in Mexico.

D. the economic downturn in the U.S.

PART II

READING COMPREHENSION

(30 MIN)

In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions.

Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.

TEXT A

Whenever we could, Joan and I took refuge in the streets of Gibraltar. The Englishman's home is

his castle because he has not much choice. There is nowhere to sit in the streets of England, not even,

2011

年专业八级< /p>

(TEM8)

真题

+

答案

+

听力原文

[

完整打印版

]

ants05

after twilight, in the public gardens. The climate, very often, odes not even permit him to walk outside.

Naturally, he stays indoors and creates a cocoon of comfort. That was the way we lived in Leeds.

These southern people, on the other hand, look outwards. The Gibraltarian home is, typically, a

small and crowded apartment up several flights of dark and dirty stairs. In it, one, two or even three

old people share a few ill0lit rooms with the young family. Once he has eaten, changed his clothes,

embraced his wife, kissed his children and his parents, there is nothing to keep the southern man at

home. He hurries out, taking even his breakfast coffee at his local bar. He comes home late for his

afternoon meal after an appetitive hour at his café

. He sleeps for an hour, dresses, goes out again and

stays out until late at night. His wife does not miss him, for she is out, too

–

at the market in the

morning and in the afternoon sitting with other mothers, baby-minding in the sun.

The

usual

Gibraltarian

home

has

no

sitting-room,

living-room

or

lounge.

The

parlour

of

our

working-class

houses

would

be

an

intolerable

waste

of

space.

Easy-chairs,

sofas

and

such-like

furniture are unknown. There are no bookshelves, because there are no books. Talking and drinking ,

as well as eating, are done on hard chairs round the dining-table, between a sideboard decorated with

the best glasses and an inevitable display cabinet full of family treasures, photographs and souvenirs.

The

elaborate

chandelier

over

this

table

proclaims

it

as

the

hub

of

the

household

and

of

the

family. ,Hearth and home' makes very little sense in Gibraltar. One's home is one's town or village,

and one's health is the sunshine.

Our northern towns are dormitories with cubicles, by comparison. When we congregate

–

in the

churches it used to be, now in the cinema, say, impersonally, or at public meetings, formally

–

we are

scarcely ever man to man. Only in our pubs can you find the truly gregarious and communal spirit

surviving, and in England even the pubs are divided along class lines.

Along this Mediterranean coast, home is only a refuge and a retreat. The people live together in

the open air

–

in the street, market-place. Down here, there is a far stronger feeling of community than

we had ever known. In crowded and circumscribed Gibraltar, with its complicated inter-marriages, its

identity of interest, its surviving sense of siege, one can see and feel an integrated society.

To

live

in

a

tiny

town

with

all

the

organization

of

a

state,

with

Viceroy

(

总督

),

Premier,

Parliament, Press and Pentagon, all in miniature, all within arm's reach, is an intensive course in civics.

In such an environment, nothing can be hidden, for better or for worse. One's successes are seen and

recognized; one' failures are immediately exposed. Social consciousness is at its strongest, with the

result that there is a constant and firm pressure towards good social

behavior, towards courtesy and

kindness. Gibraltar, with all its faults, is the friendliest and most tolerant of places. Straight from the

cynical anonymity of a big city, we luxuriated in its happy personalism. We look back on it, like all its

exiled sons and daughters, with true affection.

11. Which of the following best explains the differences in ways of living between the English and

the Gibraltarians?

A. The family structure.

B. Religious belief.

C. The climate

D. Eating habit.

12. The italicized part in the third paragraph implies that _______

A. English working-class homes are similar to Gibraltarian ones.

B. English working-class homes have spacious sitting- rooms.

C. English working-class homes waste a lot of space.

D. the English working-class parlour is intolerable in Gibraltar.

13. We learn from the description of the Gibraltarian home that it is _______

A. modern.

B. luxurious.

C. stark.

D. simple.

14. There is a much stronger sense of ________ among the Gibraltarians.

A. togetherness

B. survival

C. identity

D. leisure

15. According to the passage, people in Gibraltar tend to be will-behaved because of the following

EXCEPT ________.

A. the entirety of the state structure.

B. constant pressure from the state.

C. the small size of the town.

D. transparency of occurrences.

TEXT B

For

office

innovator

s,

the

unrealized

dream

of

the

“paperless”

office

is

a

classic

example

of

high- tech hubris (

傲慢

). Today's office drone is drowning in more paper than ever before.

But

after

decades

of

hype,

American

offices

may

finally

be

losing

their

paper

obsession.

The

demand for paper used to outstrip the growth of the US economy, but the past two or three years have

seen a marked slowdown in sales

–

despite a healthy economic scene.

2011

年专业八级

(TEM8)

真题

+

答案

+

听力原文

[< /p>

完整打印版

]

ants05

Analysts attribute the decline to such factors as advances in digital databases and communication

systems. Escaping our craving for paper, however, will be anything but an easy affair.

“Old habits are hard to break.” says Merilyn Dunn, a communications supplies director. “There

are some functions that paper serves where a screen display doesn't work. Those functions are both its

strength and its weakness.”

In the early to mid-'90s, a booming economy and improved desktop printers helped boost paper

sales

by

6

to

7

percent

each

year.

The

convenience

of

desktop

printing

allowed

office

workers

to

indulge in printing anything and everything at very little effort or cost.

But now, the growth rate of paper sales in the United States is flattening by about half a percent

each year. Between 2004 and 2005, Ms. Dunn says, plain white office paper will see less than a 4

percent growth rate, despite the strong overall economy. A primary reason for the change, says Dunn,

is that for the first time ever, some 47 percent of the workforce entered the job market after computers

had already been introduced to offices.

“We're finally seeing a reduction in the amount of paper being used per worker in the workplace.”

says John Maine, vice president of a pulp and paper economic consulting firm. “More information is

being

transmitted

electronically,

and

more

and

more

people

are

comfortable

with

the

information

residing only in electronic form without printing multiple backups.”

In addition, Mr. Maine points to the lackluster employment market for white-collar workers

–

the

primary driver of office paper consumption

–

for the shift in paper usage.

The

real

paradigm

shift

may

be

in

the

way

paper

is

used.

Since

the

advent

of

advanced

and

reliable office-network systems, data storage has moved away from paper archives. The secretarial art

of “filing”

is disappearing

from job descriptions. Much of today's data may never leave its original

digital format.

The changing attitudes toward paper have finally caught the attention of paper companies, says

Richard

Harper,

a

researcher

at

Microsoft.

“All

of

a

sudden,

the

paper

industry

has

started

thinking,‘We

need

to

learn more

about

the behavioural aspects

of paper use,'“

he

says.

“They

had

never asked, they'd just assumed that 70 million sheets would be bought per year as a literal function

of economic growth.”

To reduce paper use, some companies are working to combine digital and paper capabilities. For

example, Xerox Corp. is developing electronic paper: thin digital displays that respond to a stylus, like

a pen on paper. Notations can be erased or saved digitally.

Another idea, intelligent paper, comes from Anoto Group. It would allow notations made with a

stylus on a page printed with a special magnetic ink to simultaneously appear on a computer screen.

Even with such technological advances, the improved capabilities of digital storage continue to act

against “paperlessness,” argues Paul Saffo, a technology forecaster. In his prophetic and metaphorical

1989 essay, “The Electronic Pinata (

彩罐

),” he suggests that the increasing amounts of electronic data

necessarily require more paper.

The information industry today is like a huge electronic pinata, composed of a thin paper crust

surrounding an electronic core,” Mr. Saffo wrote. The growing paper crust “is most noticeable, but

the hidden electronic core that produces the crust is far larger

–

and growing more rapidly. The result

is that we are becoming paperless, but we hardly notice at all.”

In the same way that digital innovations have increased paper consumption, Saffo says, so has

video conferencing

–

with its promise of fewer in-person meetings

–

boosting business travel.

“That's one of the great ironies of the information age,” Saffo says. “It's just common sense that

the more you talk to someone by phone or computer, it inevitably leads to a face-to-face meeting. The

best thing for the aviation industry was the Internet.”

16. What function does the second sentence in the first paragraph serve?

A. It further explains high-tech hubris.

B. It confirms the effect of high-tech hubris.

C. It offers a cause for high-tech hubris.

D. It offers a contrast to high-tech hubris.

17. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the slowdown in paper sales?

A. Workforce with better computer skills.

B. Slow growth of the US economy.

C. Changing patterns in paper use.

D. Changing employment trends.

18. The two innovations by Xerox Corp. and Anoto Group feature _______.

A. integrated use of paper and digital form.

B. a shift from paper to digital form.

C. the use of computer screen.

D. a new style of writing.

19. What does the author mean by “irony of the information age”?

A. The dream of the “paperless” office will be realized.

2011

年专业八级

(TEM8)

真题

+

答案

+

听力原文