-
第一周翻译材料
传
统上说，中国人
在
60
岁
以前
对生日并
不
太注意。六
十大寿被认为是人生中极
为重要的一次
，因此
< br>经常要举行盛大的庆祝。在此之后每隔
10
年就要举行一
场
生日庆祝，也就是
70
岁、
80
岁等，直到去世为止。大体上说，
人的年龄
越大，
庆祝的场合就越隆重。
生日经常是由成年子女来为他们的
父母庆祝
，
以
表现出对
父母的尊敬并就父母为他们所做的一切表达自己的谢意。
（
162
字）
☆
参考译文：
Traditionally, Chinese people do not
pay a lot of attention to birthdays until they are
60
years
old.
The
60
th
birthday
is
regarded
as
a
very
important
point
of
life
and
therefore
there
is
often
a
big
celebration.
After
that,
a
birthday
celebration
is
held
every ten years, that
is the 70
th
, the
80
th
, etc, until the
person’s death. Generally, the
older
the person is, the greater the celebration
occasion is. It is often the grownup sons
and daughters who celebrate their
elderly parents’ birthdays to show
thei
r respect for
them and
express their thanks for all that they have done
for their children.
翻译参考译文
Week2
丝绸是中国
古老文化的象征，
为促进
世界人类文明的发展做出了不可磨灭的
贡献。
中国丝绸
以
其卓越的品质、
精美的花色和丰富的文化内涵而
闻名于世<
/p>
。
几千年前，当丝绸沿着丝绸之路传向欧洲，
它所带去的
，
不仅仅是
一件件华<
/p>
美的服饰、饰品，
更是
东方古老灿烂的文
明。从那时起，丝绸几乎就成为了
东方文明的传播者（
the
emissary
）和象征。
（
145
字）
1.
共主语的并列句子的翻译技巧
☆参考译文：
The silk
is the symbol of the ancient Chinese culture
and has made (making)
an
indelible contribution to the
development of the world civilization. The Chinese
silk is known throughout the world for
its excellent qualities, exquisite colors and
rich cultural
connotations.
Several
thousand
years
ago, when the silk
trade first
reached Europe via the Silk
Road, it brought with it not only the gorgeous
silk
apparel
and
decorative
items,
but
also
the
ancient
and
resplendent
Oriental
civilization. From then on, silk was
regarded as the
emissary
(blazer)
and symbol
of the
Oriental civilization.
第三周段落翻译参考答案
Passage3
在中国，人们用十二生肖（
Twelve
Animal
Signs
）来记录<
/p>
周而复始
的日期。
//
< br>即：每一
年有一个动物代表，
每个十二年进行一个循环。
这十二个动物分别是：
鼠、
牛、
虎、
兔、
龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。
//
十二生肖在中国民间传说中有其文化内涵，占星
术（
horoscope
）就是由
其
发展而来的。例如，马年出生的人
被认为
“快乐、受欢迎、
爱恭维他人”
。
（
139
字）
翻译技巧：
意群的区分不仅仅依赖于原文的标点符号
☆参考译文：
In China, people apply the Twelve
Animal Signs to record the cycle of years. Namely,
every
year
is
assigned
an
animal
name
or
―
sign
‖
according
to
a
repeating
cycle:
Rat,
Ox,
Tiger,
Rabbit,
Dragon,
Snake,
Horse,
Sheep,
Monkey,
Rooster,
Dog
and
Boar.
Therefore,
every
twelve years the same
animal name or
―
sign
‖
would reappear. The animal signs own cultural
connotations (meaning) in Chinese
folklore and horoscope has been developed around
them.
For example, based on it, a
person born in the Year of the Horse is predicted
to be
―
cheerful,
popular, and loving to compliment
others
‖
.
第四周翻译参考译文
Passage4
中国人喜欢在一起吃饭，
< br>这个传统
可以追溯到很久之前。
这
反映出中国人喜欢
团圆
不愿分离
的观
念
——
圆桌、圆盘、还有圆碗都象征着团圆和美满。盘子通常放
在桌
子的中央，
这样
坐在一桌子面前的
听有人都可以吃得到。一锅热汤尤其可以增加和
谐、团圆的气氛。朋友们在一起吃饭、生
活。
最近一位美国汉学家（
Sinologist
）的
著作认为
，中国人的集体观念就是从一同吃饭发
展而来的。
（
161
字）
指代关系的翻译（如何前后衔接）
☆参考译文：
Chinese
like to eat together, a tradition that can be
traced back a long time ago. It reflects
the
Chinese
notion
of
union
versus
separation
—
round
tables,
round
dishes,
and
round
bowls all symbolize union and
perfection. Dishes are usually placed at the
center of the
table so that everyone
around the table can share them. A hot pot, in
particular, adds to
the
atmosphere
of
harmony
and
union.
Friends
eat
and
live
together.
An
American
Sinologist held in
his recent book that Chinese collective tradition
developed out of the
practice of eating
together.
第五周翻译参考答案
Passage5
农历正月十五是灯节，也叫元宵节
。
元宵节标志着春节喜庆的结束。元宵节过后，
一切
又恢复正常。
灯节活动热闹非凡，
人们充满无比的喜悦。
在灯节这天整个夜晚
花灯充满
整个街道，
人们载歌载舞，形成了一个群众性的娱乐活动。
长期以来，
人们不断制造各
种精美、奇异的花灯以及各
种爆竹和烟花来增添灯节的热闹气氛。
（
144
字）
同位语或同位语从句的应用
句子与句子之间关系的梳理
用英语思维去观察中文句子
☆参考译文：
The
Lantern Festival
，
also the
Yuanxiao Festival, falls on the 15th day of the
first Chinese
lunar
month.
The
Lantern
Festival
marks
the
end
of
the
Spring
Festival
celebrations.
And
after the Festival,
everything returns to normal. The Lantern Festival
is bustling with activity.
People are
filled with incomparable joy. On that day, festive
lanterns fill the whole street and
people sing and dance throughout the
whole night. This forms a mass recreational
activity.
For
a
long
time,
people
have
continuously
produced
various
kinds
of
elegant
and
strange
lanterns. Various kinds of firecrackers
and fireworks make the Y
uanxiao
Festival even more
alive.
第六周翻译参考译文
在中国，礼物在上门拜访时是必不可少的，但是它并没有那么
复杂。花卉、
普通水果以
及食品通常就行了。
< br>至于酒，你可得弄清楚主人是不是喜欢喝酒。
在午饭时间，主人会
让你多吃点东西或多喝点酒。
如果你不想让他们失望的话，
你就可以根据你的情况多来
一点。
如果你真的是酒足饭饱了
，
你最好直接谢绝，
否则好客的主人会继续往你的碗里
添菜。
（
150
字）<
/p>
☆参考译文：
In China,
a gift is necessary when visiting a family.
However, gift-giving is not so complex.
Usually,
flowers,
common
fruits
and
food
are
okay.
As
for
alcohol,
you
had
better
check
whether
the
host
enjoys
it.
During
lunch
time,
hosts
will
ask
you
to
have
more
food
or
alcohol. If you do not
want to disappoint them, you can have a little
more according to your
situation.
If
you
are
truly
full,
you
had
better
decline
it
directly;
otherwise,
the
hospitable
hosts will continue to refill your
bowl.
第七周翻译参考答案
Passage7
中国风筝主要分为两大类：
飞翼可拆开（
detachable
）类和飞翼固定类
。
第一类风筝的
飞翼可以拆下，放入箱
内，既便于携带，又用于礼物送人。
第二类的飞翼是固定的，龙
骨不能拆开，但是飞得更高、更好、更稳。根据设计和规格等分类，中国风筝可以分为
3
00
多种，例如：人文、鱼、昆虫、鸟、动物，等等。在尺寸上，直径为
30
厘米至
304
米不等。<
/p>
（
144
字）
☆参考译文：
Chinese
kites
fall
into
two
major
categories:
those
with
detachable
wings
and
those
with
fixed wings. The former
can be taken apart and packed in boxes. Easy to
carry about, they
make good presents.
The second category refers to those with fixed,
non-detachable frames;
they fly better
and higher, given a steady wind. Classified by
designs and other specifications,
there
are no less than 300 varieties, including human
figures, fish, insects, birds, animals and
written characters. In size, they range
from 304 meters to only 30 centimeters across.
第八周翻译参考译文
Passage8
中国菜誉满天下，
为全世界人所喜爱
。
在中国饮食文化中，
有一个有趣的观念
—
“食补”
。
食补（
tonic
food
）是指
通过食用某些食物后以增进健康，或防止疾病，尤其是在人容
易生病的时候。
举个例子，在过去的习俗里，产妇在产后一个月内每天都
要吃麻油鸡
（
sesame
—
oil chicken
）
。
< br>人们认为
这道菜对肌肉有益，并能减轻疼痛、促进循环、刺激
排汗和暖和身子。
（
143
字）<
/p>
☆参考译文：
Chinese
cuisine
is
widely
known
and
enjoyed
in
all
four
corners
of
the
world.
In
Chinese
food
culture, there is one interesting concept
concerning Chinese food
—
the
ancient custom
of
―
tonic
food
‖
. Tonic food is food
which is consumed to improve
one
’
s well-being, or stave
off sickness, particularly at times
when one is more prone to illness. For instance,
it was once
the custom for new mothers
to eat sesame
—
oil chicken
every day for the first month after
giving birth. It was believed that this
dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain,
improve
circulation, stimulate
sweating, and warm the body.
Passage9
筷子的发明
反映<
/p>
了古代中国人的智慧。
一双筷子，
虽然看
起来简单，
却能夹起
（
nip
）
，
挑起，撕裂（
ri
p
）和搅拌食物。在古代，筷子叫做
“箸”
。筷子的发展也经历了很
长的历史。在夏朝初（公元
21<
/p>
世纪到前
16
世纪）
，筷子的形状也在发展中。筷子
只
有在商朝时（公元前
16
世纪到前
11
世纪）
才
成为两根等长的棍子。商朝后期，
商纣王命令他的工匠
用象牙做筷子
，
被看作是中作饮食史早期最昂贵的筷子。
（
168
字）
☆参考译文：
The
invention
of
chopsticks
reflects
the
wisdom
of
Chinese
ancient
people.
A
pair
of
chopsticks,
though
they
look
simple,
can
nip,
pick,
rip
and
stir
food.
In
ancient
times,
chopsticks were called
―
Zhu
‖
.
Development of chopsticks has experienced a long
history.
Early
in
Xia
Dynasty
(21st
—
16th
century
B.C.),
the
shape
of
chopstick
was
still
in
development. Chopsticks
didn
’
t become two sticks of
the same length before the Shang
Dynasty (16th
–
11th century B.C.). In the late Shang Dynasty, the
tyrannical King Zhou
ordered his
craftsmen to make chopsticks from
elephants
’
teeth, which were
seen as the
most luxurious chopsticks
in the early history of Chinese food culture.
第十周翻译参考译文
京剧是中国式戏
剧的一种，
被看作是中国文化的瑰宝。
京剧集合动作、
歌唱、
对话和独白、杂技、舞蹈为一体
，
讲述
一个故事
或刻画
不同人物并表达他们
的情感，如开心、愤怒、伤心、喜悦、惊奇、害怕和悲痛。京剧里一
般有四
类角色：生（男子）
、旦（青年女子）
< br>、净（花脸，男）
、丑（小丑，男女皆
有）
。
无论忠奸、美丑或是好坏，
都能在京剧中得以生动
的表现。
（
163
字）
参考译文：
Beijing
Opera
or
Peking opera is a kind of Chinese opera
which
is
widely
regarded as one of the cultural
treasures of China. Peking Opera is a synthesis of
stylized
action,
singing,
dialogue
and
mime,
acrobatic
fighting
and
dancing
to
represent
a
story
or
depict
different
characters
and
their
feelings
of
gladness,
anger,
sorrow,
happiness,
surprise,
fear
and
sadness.
In
Peking
Opera
there
are
four
main
types
of
roles:
sheng(male),
dan(young
female),jing(painted
face,
male),chou(clown, male or female). The
characters may be loyal or treacherous,
beautiful or ugly, good or bad, their
images being vividly manifested.
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