机械手(Manipulator)英文

Manipulator

Robot

developed in

recent decades

as

high-tech

automated

production

equipment.

Industrial

robot

is

an

important

branch

of

industrial

robots.

It

features

can

be

programmed

to

perform

tasks

in

a

variety

of

expectations,

in

both

structure

and

performance

advantages

of

their

own

people

and

machines,

in

particular,

reflects

the

people's intelligence and adaptability. The accuracy of robot operations and a variety of

environments the ability to complete the work in the field of national economy and there

are

broad

prospects

for

development.

With

the

envelopment

of

industrial

automation,

there

has

been

CNC

machining

center,

it

is

in

reducing

labor

intensity,

while

greatly

improved labor productivity. However, the upper and lower common in CNC machining

processes material, usually still use manual or traditional relay- controlled semi-automatic

device.

The

former

time- consuming

and

labor

intensive,

inefficient;

the

latter

due

to

design

complexity,

require

more

relays,

wiring

complexity,

vulnerability

to

body

vibration

interference,

while

the

existence

of

poor

reliability,

fault

more

maintenance

problems and other issues. Programmable Logic Controller PLC- controlled robot control

system for materials up and down movement is simple, circuit design is reasonable, with

a strong anti-jamming capability, ensuring the system's reliability, reduced maintenance

rate,

improve

work

efficiency.

Robot

technology

related

to

mechanics,

mechanics,

and

electrical

hydraulic

technology,

automatic

control

technology,

sensor

technology

and

computer

technology

and

other

fields

of

science,

is

a

cross-disciplinary

integrated

technology.

First, an overview of industrial manipulator

Robot is a kind of positioning control can be automated and can be re-programmed

to

change

in

multi-functional

machine,

which

has

multiple

degrees

of

freedom

can

be

used

to

carry

an

object

in

order

to

complete

the

work

in

different

environments.

Low

wages

in

China,

plastic

products

industry,

although

still

a

labor-intensive,

mechanical

hand

use

has

become

increasingly

popular.

Electronics

and

automotive

industries

that

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Europe

and

the

United

States

multinational

companies

very

early

in

their

factories

in

China, the introduction of automated production. But now the changes are those found in

industrial-intensive

South

China,

East

China's

coastal

areas,

local

plastic

processing

plants have also emerged in mechanical watches began to become increasingly interested

in, because they have to face a high turnover rate of workers, as well as for the workers

to pay work-related injuries fee challenges.

With the rapid development of China's industrial production, especially the reform

and opening up after the rapid increase in the degree of automation to achieve the work

piece handling, steering, transmission or operation of brazing, spray gun, wrenches and

other

tools

for

processing

and

assembly

operations

since,

which

has

more

and

more

attracted our attention.

Robot

is

to

imitate

the

manual

part

of

the

action,

according

to

a

given

program,

track

and

requirements

for

automatic

capture,

handling

or

operation

of

the

automatic

mechanical devices.

In

real

life,

you

will

find

this

a

problem.

In

the

machine

shop,

the

processing

of

parts

loading

time

is

not

annoying,

and

labor

productivity

is

not

high,

the

cost

of

production major, and sometimes man- made incidents will occur, resulting in processing

were injured. Think about what could replace it with the processing time of a tour as long

as there are a few people, and can operate 24 hours saturated human right? The answer is

yes, but the robot can come to replace it.

Production of mechanical hand can increase the automation level of production and

labor productivity; can reduce labor intensity, ensuring product quality, to achieve safe

production;

particularly

in

the

high-temperature,

high

pressure,

low

temperature,

low

pressure,

dust,

explosive,

toxic

and

radioactive

gases

such

as

poor

environment

can

replace the normal working people. Here I would like to think of designing a robot to be

used in actual production.

Why would a robot designed to provide a pneumatic power: pneumatic robot refers

to

the

compressed

air

as

power

source-driven

robot.

With

pressure-driven

and

other

energy- driven comparison have the following advantages:

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1.

Air

inexhaustible,

used

later

discharged

into

the

atmosphere,

does

not

require

recycling

and

disposal,

do

not

pollute

the

environment.

(Concept

of

environmental

protection)

2. Air stick is small, the pipeline pressure loss is small (typically less than asphalt

gas path pressure drop of one-thousandth), to facilitate long-distance transport.

3.

Compressed

air

of

the

working

pressure

is

low

(usually

4

to

8

kg

/

per

square

centimeter), and therefore moving the material components and manufacturing accuracy

requirements can be lowered.

4. With the hydraulic transmission, compared to its faster action and reaction, which

is one of the advantages pneumatic outstanding.

5. The air cleaner media, it will not degenerate, not easy to plug the pipeline. But

there are also places where it flies in the ointment:

1. As the compressibility of air, resulting in poor aerodynamic stability of the work,

resulting

in

the

implementing

agencies

as

the

precision

of

the

velocity

and

not

easily

controlled.

2. As the use of low atmospheric pressure, the output power cannot be too large; in

order

to

increase

the

output

power

is

bound

to

the

structure

of

the

entire

pneumatic

system size increased.

With

pneumatic

drive

and

compare

with

other

energy

sources

drive

has

the

following advantages:

Air inexhaustible, used later discharged into the atmosphere, without recycling and

disposal, do not pollute the environment. Accidental or a small amount of leakage would

not be a serious impact on production. Viscosity of air is small; the pipeline pressure loss

also is very small,

Easy long-distance transport.

The lower working pressure of compressed air, pneumatic components and therefore

the

material

and

manufacturing

accuracy

requirements

can

be

lowered.

In

general,

reciprocating thrust in 1 to 2 tons pneumatic economy is better.

Compared with the hydraulic transmission, and its faster action and reaction, which

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is one of the outstanding merits of pneumatic.

Clean

air

medium,

it

will

not

degenerate,

not

easy

to

plug

the

pipeline.

It

can

be

safely used in flammable, explosive and the dust big occasions.

Also easy to realize automatic overload protection.

Second, the composition, mechanical hand

Robot

in

the

form

of

a

variety

of

forms,

some

relatively

simple,

some

more

complicated,

but

the

basic

form

is

the

same

as

the

composition

of

the,

usually

by

the

implementing

agencies,

transmission

systems,

control

systems

and

auxiliary

devices

composed.

1. Implementing agencies

Manipulator

executing

agency

by

the

hands,

wrists,

arms,

pillars.

Hands

are

crawling institutions, is used to clamp and release the work piece, and similar to human

fingers, to complete the staffing of similar actions.

Wrist and fingers and the arm connecting the components can be up and down, left,

and rotary movement. A simple mechanical hand cannot wrist. Pillars used to support the

arm can also be made mobile as needed.

2. Transmission

The

actuator

to

be

achieved

by

the

transmission

system.

Sub-transmission

system

commonly used manipulator mechanical transmission, hydraulic transmission, pneumatic

and electric power transmission and other drive several forms.

3. Control System

Manipulator control system's main role is to control the robot according to certain

procedures,

direction,

position,

speed

of

action,

a

simple

mechanical

hand

is

generally

not set up a dedicated control system, using only trip switches, relays, control valves and

circuits

can

be

achieved

dynamic

drive

system

control,

so

that

implementing

agencies

according to the requirements of action. Action will have to use complex programmable

robot controller, the micro-computer control.

Three, mechanical hand classification and characteristics

Robots are generally divided into three categories: the first is the general machinery

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