2017年英语一真题(阅读理解部分)

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2017

年

Text 1

1---

First

two

hours,

now

three

hours

—

this

is

how

far

in

advance

authorities

are

recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with

increasingly massive security lines.

2---

Americans

are

willing

to

tolerate

time-consuming

security

protocols

in

return

for

increased safety. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the

Mediterranean

Sea,

provides

another

tragic

reminder

of

why.

But

demanding

too

much

of

air

travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it

should:

Wasted

time

is

a

drag

on

Americans'

economic

and

private

lives,

not

to

mention

infuriating.

3--- Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that

undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons

—

both fake and real

—

past airport security

nearly

every

time

they

tried.

Enhanced

security

measures

since

then,

combined

with

a

rise

in

airline

travel

due

to

the

improving

economy

and

low

oil

prices,

have

resulted

in

long

waits

at

major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective

airline security has become

—

but the lines are obvious.

4---

Part

of

the

issue

is

that

the

government

did

not

anticipate

the

steep

increase

in

airline

travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports

have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to

overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute

this.

5---

There

is

one

step

the

TSA

could

take

that

would

not

require

remodelling

airports

or

rushing

to

hire:

Enroll

more

people

in

the

PreCheck

program.

PreCheck

is

supposed

to

be

a

win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use

expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk, saving

time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.

6--- It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers

must pay $$85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price

tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable

level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment

or to cut costs in other ways.

7--- The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most

of the travelling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.

21. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 is mentioned to

[A] explain American’s tolerance of current se

curity checks.

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[B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.

[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.

[D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection.

22. Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?

[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.

[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.

[C] An increase in the number of travellers.

[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.

23. The word “expedited” (Liner 4, Para. 5) is closet in meaning to

[A] quieter.

[B] cheaper.

[C] wider.

[D] faster.

24. One problem with the PreCheck program is

[A] a dramatic reduction of its scale.

[B] its wrongly-directed implementation.

[C] the government’s reluctance to back it.

[D] an unreasonable price for enrollment.

25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A] Less Screening for More Safety

[B] PreCheck

–

a Belated Solution

[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines

[D] Underused PreCheck Lanes

2017

年

Text 2

1---

“

The

ancient

Hawaiians

were

astronomers,

”

wrote

Queen

Liliuokalani,

Hawaii's

last

reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian

society.

Sadly,

all

is

not

well

with

astronomy

in

Hawaii

today.

Protests

have

erupted

over

construction

of

the

Thirty

Meter

Telescope

(TMT),

a

giant

observatory

that

promises

to

revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.

2---

At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by

some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is

also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna

Kea's

peak

rises

above

the

bulk

of

our

planet's

dense

atmosphere,

where

conditions

allow

telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.

3---

Opposition

to

telescopes

on

Mauna

Kea

is

nothing

new.

A

small

but

vocal

group

of

Hawaiians

and

environmentalists

have

long

viewed

their

presence

as

disrespect

for

sacred

land

and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.

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4---

Some

blame

for

the

current

controversy

belongs

to

astronomers.

In

their

eagerness

to

build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world.

They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to

the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing

a renaissance today.

5--- Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.

The

same

curiosity

to

find

what

lies

beyond

the

horizon

that

first

brought

early

Polynesians

to

Hawaii's

shores

inspires

astronomers

today

to

explore

the

heavens.

Calls

to

disassemble

all

telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and

Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and

where

we

are

going.

Perhaps

that

is

why

we

explore

the

starry

skies,

as

if

answering

a

primal

calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.

6---

The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The

TMT

site

was

chosen

to

minimize

the

telescope

’

s

visibility

around

the

island

and

to

avoid

archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old

ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There

is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage

and to study the stars.

26. Queen Liliuokalani

’

s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates

[A] her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.

[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.

[C] the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.

[D] her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.

27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to

[A] its geographical features.

[B] its protective surroundings.

[C] its religious implications.

[D] its existing infrastructure.

28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because

[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.

[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.

[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.

[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.

29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today

’

s astronomy

[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.

[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.

[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.

[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility.

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