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八年级下册英语五六单元短语

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2021-02-28 12:18
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2021年2月28日发(作者:荷兰语)


八年级英语下册知识梳理



Unit 5




Topic1


1. How are you doing?=How are you?


你好吗?





2 .invite sb. to do sth= ask sb. to do sth.








邀请某人做某事







invite sb. to somewhere



















邀请某人去某地








3.



prepare for sth.







准备某事


(准备时间较长思想上的准备)



prepare for


the exam








prepare sth. for sb.






为某人准备某物









Prepare to do sth.







准备做某事





4. say sth. to sb.


对某人说


….








say thanks to sb.




对某人说感谢





5.


系动词


+adj.








系表结构












be (am/is/are/was/were)












感官


v.(feel, look, sound, tast e


品尝,


smell


闻、嗅

< p>
)












四变化


(turn/become/go/ get) *turn


侧指颜色变化












keep, make




6. Why all the smiling faces?=Why do all of you have the smiling faces?=Why is


everyone smiling?



为什么你们都笑容满面?





7. I went to buy tickets, but there was none


left


.



我去买票但票已经售完了。


(leave-left- left)=I went to buy tickets, but there were no tickets left.


*


注:


none


后不能直接加


n.



none


表示全部否定,用以指人或物,可以与


of


连用。


None of ….

< br>作主语时,谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数。


None


可以回



how many


引导的特殊疑问句。






8. a ticket to/ for



一张



的票











the answer to the question


问题的答案







the key to


the door/car/bike/…









a way to



一种



的方式





9.


be+ adj. +


介词结构



be proud of=take pride in






为自豪 ,骄傲,后加名词,代词,动名词








+be pleased with+




< /p>



….


感到满意



e.g. Jim is pleased with his new bike.



+be popular with+







的欢迎



e.g. The book is popular with students.










be worried about










….< /p>


感到担心











be afraid of














….


感到害怕











be angry with/at sb.







对某人生气











be angry about/at sb.






对某事生气












be interested in












感兴趣











be nervous about









….


感到 紧张











be famous for











因某物而著名



be satisfied with










….


感到满意



be surprised at












…..


感到惊奇



be excited about/at sth







对某事感到兴奋,激动




10. set the table for sb.







为某人摆餐具






11. I hope everything goes well.


我希望一切顺利。





go well


进展顺利




12.




be able to do


能够


-- -


可以用于各种时态








can---


只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时


13.



ring up sb.= call sb. = phone sb. =give sb. a call






给某人打电话



ring up


的宾语为代词时,代词只能放在


ring up


的中间;当宾语是名词时,名词


可以放在中间也可以放在后面。





a temperature=have a fever







发烧




on






上映








be shown







上映




16. one of +the +adj


最高级


+


名词的复数形式


+< /p>


单数谓语












中之一








one of +


可数名词的复数形式


+


单数谓语












…..


中之一




17.



lonely


—“


孤单、寂寞



,强调精神上,心理上的孤单、寂寞,侧重人的心理









alone


—“


单独



,强调一个人独处,说明 客观存在












e.g. The old man lives alone


, but he doesn’t feel


lonely.



18.



because of + n./


名词性短语





















由于,因为









because +


句子(原因状语从句)














由于,因为




19.



teach sb. Sth










教某人某事








teach sb. to do sth






教某人做某事




20. perform short and funny plays







表演有趣的短剧




up
















使


……


振作起来




22. What…for






为什么 ,侧重提问的目的,回答时用


for


短语表示目的



Why











为什么 ,侧重提问的原因,回答


because


引导的问句

< p>










e.g. What did he go to Beijing for?=Why did he go to Beijing?



the end=at last=finally


最后






区:


at the end of…










的结尾




24.





be on:


上演,强调状态






e.g. The film was on for ten minutes.










put on:


上演,强调动作






e.g. A new film will put on this evening.


1


a story/joke/lie














讲故事


/


讲笑话


/


说谎



the night of April 14


th




在四月十四日的夜晚








on a cold morning


the/one’s way to…




的路上

< p>






on the/one’s way home



into












掉入



together happily





幸福地生活在一起



mad












发疯



into being
















形成,诞生



33.


容器


+be full of+



=be filled with













装满,充满






e.g. The cup is full of/filled with water.


peace with sb.


与某人和解



with













结束








start/begin with








开始



with









同意某人的意见,主意或所说的话





agree on/about






表示两人以上取得一致的意见





agree to do sth.






约定做某事,同意做某事



Unit 5




Topic2


1.




+


从句




常用


It seems/seemed +that


从句






It seems/ed that he is/was


ill.











seem


的用法



+to do




似乎做某事










He seems/ed to be ill.
















+Adj.



看来

< br>….


似乎


…..














He seems/ed ill.



badly/well in=be bad/good at













在某方面做得好


/

< br>不好



3. She has no friends to talk with.













她没有可以交谈的朋友。



4. have a talk with sb.=talk to/with sb.









与某人交谈



5. be worried about(adj.)=worry about(v.)






担心< /p>


…/



….


感到 担心



6. be sorry to do sth.
























很抱歉做某事



7. send sth. to sb.=send sb. sth.
















把某物寄给某人





give sth. to sb.=give sb. sth.

















把某物给某人





pass sth. to sb.=pass sb. sth.

















把某物传给某人



8. be strict with







….


要求 严格





be strict about/in sth.










….< /p>


方面要求严格



9. Take it easy.













别着急!


/


别紧张!



to do

















尽力做某事,努力做某事













try not to do sth.











尽量不要做某事












try doing sth.














尝试做某事










lost



















丢失,迷路




























12. How are you feeling today?












你今天感觉如何?










the exam=not pass the exam








考试不及格



pass the exam
























通过考试



fail to do sth.
























失败、未能做到某事







14. Everyone gets these feelings at your age.

< br>每个人在你这个年龄时都会有这样的感


受。



at one’s age













在某人的年龄时














区:


at the age of













岁时







in one’s teens










在某人十几岁时










15. make sb./sth.+ adj.










使某人做某事处在



状态













make sb. do sth.












让某人做某事










unhappy feelings








有不开心的感觉(


feeling


可数


n.











17. give sb. suggestions/advice













给某人建议













make a suggestion















提建议


( suggestion


是可数名词


)









18. sth. happen to sb.














某人出了某事(常用一般过去时)



e.g. An accident happened to Li Ping.





What happened to you?


happen to do sth.

















碰巧做某事








part in activities















积极参加活动








20. call sb. at+


号码









号码找某人










usual













像平常一样








22. How time flies!








时间飞逝!








23. How I wish to stay with you!







我多希望和你呆在一起!











stay with sb.















和某人呆在一起








24. be afraid of doing sth.













害怕做某事











be afraid to do sth.
















不敢做某事








25.



get/be used to sth.
















习惯于某事















get/be used to doing sth.
















习惯于做某事



used to do sth.
























过去常常做某事(现在不做了)



be used to do sth.






















被用来做某事



2














’s more








此外,而且












advise sb. (not) to do sth.






建议某人做某事








advise


为动词




my best wishes to your parents













代我向你的父母问好



42. for example







表示举例说明,后加句子,常用逗号隔开




28.



A+ be+ as+ adj./adv.


原级


+ as+ B
















Helen is as tall as Maria.





such as








表示列举,


后加短语、


名词、


动名词或名词性从句,


不用逗号隔开。





A+ be+ not + as/so+ adj./adv.


原级


+ as + B








Helen isn’t as tall as Maria.



Unit 5 Topic 3




A+V


.+as+adv.


原级


+as + B



















Helen runs as quickly as Lily.


nervous







感到紧张





A+don’t/doesn’t/didn’t+V


.



+as/so+adv.


原级


+as + B















2. How long have you felt like this?=How long have you been like this?











He


len doesn’t sing as/so well as Lucy.



注:①


无论是肯定结构


as…as…


还是否定结构

not as/so…as..


,中间都用


adj/adv


原级。




谓 语若是


be,


则用


adj.

< p>
原级,谓语若是


v.,


则用


adv.


原级。




in public


在公共场所说话




asleep


入睡













make faces


做鬼脸



one’s hands


拍手







clap-- clapped





32. What does Jeff do with his sadness?=How does Jeff deal with his sadness?


杰夫如何处理他的伤心事?



deal with



处理,解决,对付,与


h ow


连用




do with





处理,处置,与


what

< p>
连用



problems













解决问题



34. learn sth. from sb.





向某人学习










learn to do sth.







学习做某事



killed in

















中丧身






e.g. He was killed in the accident.


36. refuse to do sth.













拒绝做某事














refuse sb./sth.















拒绝某人


/


某事



though=even if



















尽管


,


即使



a few months= a few months later


几个月后



38. take a walk=go for a walk














散步




no longer=not…any longer





指时间 上不再延长


(


多用于延续性


v.)


39.


不再






You won’t live in Fuzhou any longer.=You will no longer live in Fuzhou














no more=not…any more






指程度上或做某事的次数不再增加


(


多用< /p>


于短暂性


v.) e.g. You won’t see him any more.


=You will see him no more.


40. be angry with/at sb.





生某人的气






be angry about sth.






因为某事而生气



41. follow one’s



advice=take one’s advice





采纳某人的建议



advice


为不可数名词




你感觉像这样已经多久啦?















---I have felt/been like this for two days.








be----


表示得肯定推测;


can’t be—


表示的否定推测









e.g.



The boy must be Jim.





This book can’t be Jim’s.








to do =hate doing





















讨厌做某事








one’s advice













遵从某人的建议







get well=become well


康复








6. I hope so.-----


I hope not.






I’m


afraid so.----


I’m afraid not.











I believe so.----I believe not.




I think so.-----


I don’t think so.








a lot of lessons








落下许多功课










miss lessons








缺课








8.



take turns to do sth.








轮流做某事:


We take turns to sing songs.











in turn
















轮流:


We sing songs in turn.


It’s one’s turn to do











轮到某人做某事了:


It’s my turn to clean a room.








9. study/learn (sth.) by oneself=teach oneself (sth)












自学(某事)








’s very nice of you.


你真好!



of


表人的性格、品质)







11.




It’s +adj.+ for sb. + to do

















It’s important for me to study well.













It’s +adj. + of sb. + to do


















It’s nice of you to help me.



注:若


adj.


用来修饰人的性格、品 质,则用


of


,若


adj.

< p>
用来修饰


to do,


则用


for




12. help sb. with sth.=help sb.(to) do sth.












帮助某人做某事





e.g. I help Jim with English.=I help Jim to study English.


one’s feelings



















影响某人的心情



14.


心情好


























be in a good mood/be in good spirits


心情不好,心情糟糕















be in a bad mood/be in low spirits




情绪高涨

























be in high spirits


a speech






做演讲,做报告



at life


笑对生活







laugh at sb.


嘲笑某人



17.




give a surprise to sb.=give sb. a surprise







给某人一个惊喜





3















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