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高中英语必修五短语归纳整理
重点语法
一.
情态动词
+ have +
p.p.
用法归纳
1. must
have done sth.
肯定做了某事
(
表示对过去的某事做出肯定的判断
)
He knew the film. He must have seen it.
2. may/might have done
可能
/
大概已经做了某事
(表示对过去情况的可能性推测)
Tom may have bought a new pen because I
don
’
t see the old one..
3. can
’
t/
couldn
’
t have done sth.
不可能已经做了某事
(表示对过去情况的否定性推测)
The ground is dry, so it
can
’
t have rained last
night.
4. should have done sth.
过去应该做某事(而没做)
=
ought to have done sth
You are late.
You should have come 1 minute earlier.
5. shouldn
’
t have
done sth.
过去不该做某事(却做了)
= oughtn
’
t to
have done sth.
She is crying. You
shouldn
’
t have told her the
sad news.
6. could have done sth.
本来能够做(却没有做某事)
7.
needn
’
t have done sth.
原来不必做某事(却已经做了)
Tom has bought a new pen. You
needn
’
t have lent him your
pen.
8. would rather have done sth.
本来想做某事(却未做成)
I
would rather have come to help you with your
English, but I was too
busy at that
time.
二、情态动词表推测的其他用法
1
、
情态动词
+
动词原形
表示对现在或将来情况的推测
2
、
情态动词
+ be doing
表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测
3
、
情态动词
+ have been doing
表示对过去正在发生的事情的推测
Book 5
Module
1
1. It is obvious (to sb.)
that
从句
对某人来说,……是显然的
2.
confuse A with/and B
把
A
和
B
相混淆
3. be confused by sth .
被……<
/p>
.
搞糊涂了
4. in confusion
困惑的;困窘地
5.
compare. . .with. . .
和……比较
6. compare. . .to
把……比作
7.
comepared to/with
和……相比(作状语)
8. variety of=varieties of
各种各样的
9. differ
from sb./sth.
与某人或某物有区别,相异
10. differ in. . .
在某方面不同
11. have
common (with sb./sth.)
和某人或某物有相同之处
12.
have a lot/much/a great deal in common with. .
.
与……有很多共同之处
13.
have nothing/little in common with. . .
与……没有
/
很少有共同之处
14. in common with sb./sth.
和……一样
15. make a
difference
有关系;有重要性;
16. make some difference to. . .
对……有些关系
17. make
much difference to. . .
关系重大;有重大影响
18.
make no difference to. . .
对……没有关系
19. be
similar to
与……相似
20. be similar in
在……方面相似
21. have
some/much difficulty
(
in
)
doing sth.
做某事有些
/
很多困难
22.
have some/much difficulty with sth.
做某事
有一些
/
很多困难
23. with difficulty
困(艰)难地
24. lead
to sth.
使得某人做某事
25. lead do sth.
使得某人去做某事
26.
announce sb.
向某人宣布某事
=announce to
向某人宣布某事
27. add.
. .to. . .
把……加到……中
28. add to
增加
29. add up. . .
合计;加起来
30. add up
to. . .
总计
31.
make an announcement
发表声明,通知
32. at present
现在;目前
33. make an
attempt to do sth.
试图做某事
34. make an attempt at doing sth.
试图(尝试)做某事
35. at
one
’
s first attempt
第一次尝试
36. attempt
at
(
doing
)
< br>sth.
尝试(做)某事
37. in favour of
同意,支持,拥护
38. do
sb.a favour
帮某人一个忙
39. ask sb.a favour =ask a favour of sb
请求某人帮忙
40. in
sb.
’
s favour
有助于某人
41. refer
to. . .as. . .
称……为……
42. refer to
参考
43. make (a) reference (s) to
提及,论及
44. now
(that)+
句子
由于;既然
Module 2
1. to
one
’
s satisfaction
使某人感到满意的是
2.
offer one
’
s hand
伸出手
3. offer .
=offer sb.
为某人提供某物
4. show/have respect for sb.=respect
sb.
尊敬某人
5.
give/send my respects to sb.
请代我向某人问好
p>
/
致意
6.
in all respects
无论从哪方面来看
7. pass by
经过;从……旁经过
8. pass
away
去世;(时间等)消磨掉,过去
9. pass down
把……一代传一代;流传
10.
pass on
传递
11.
take. . .for granted
认为…
...<
/p>
理所当然
12. take
it/things easy
轻松,放松
13. take one
’
s
time
慢慢来,不着急
14.
in particular
尤其,特别地
15. be particular about/over. . .
对……讲究
/
挑剔
16. have an effect on. . .
对……有影响
17. take
up
站好位置以备……
18.
when
用作并列连词时,常用下列句型:
(
1
)
about to do . . .
某人正要干某事时,这时……
.
=
on the point of doing . . .
(2) doing
. . .
某人正在干某事时,这时……
(3) (just) done . . .
某人刚干完某事时,这时……
19.
apply (to sb.) for sth. (
向某人
)
申请某物
20. apply
sth.
把……应用于……
21.
apply to. . .
适用于……
22. apply onesely to. . .
致力于……
23. sth.
require doing/to be done
某物需要被做……
24.
require do sth.
要求某人做某事
25. require that. . .(should) do sth.
要求做某事
26. in
great demand
需求很大
27. meet/satisfy
one
’
s demang(s)
满足某人的需要
28.
demang to do sth.
要求做某事
29. demand that. . .(should) do sth.
要求某人做某事
30. in
response to
作为……的回应
31. make/give a response to
对…
...
做出反应
32. make/give no response to
对…不予回答
/
理解
Module 3
1. on account of
因为
2. on no
account
决不,在任何条件下都不
3. take sth. into account=take account
of sth.
把某事考虑在内
4. account for
做出解释,提出理由
5. lie-
lay-lain-lying
平躺;位于
lay
–
laid
–
laid
–
laying
放置;
产卵
6. The boy lying on the ground lied
that his cocklaid an egg.
躺在地上的小男孩说他的公鸡下了一只蛋。
7. get into (a) panic
陷入恐慌状态
8. be
at/in a panic
在恐慌中
9. be curious about
对……好奇,感兴趣
10. out
of curiosity
出于好奇