-
The impact of 3r principles to industrial
design
Abstract: While industrial
design creates modem life and
living
surroundings for people, it
also
accelerates the exhaustion of the natural
resources and the energy resources. Besides, it
has
done harm to the ecological
balance, and threatened the existence and the
sustainable development
of human
beings. Confront with this situation, the strategy
of sustainable development, proposed
in
1990s, is accepted by many people. Recycling
economy and its key point,
“
3r
”
principle, were
born for this situation
and become important principle
in all
kinds of economic activities and in
the
area
of
design
and
manufacture.
By
decoding
the
connotation
of
“
3r
”
principle,
the
article
analyzes the
influence and the guidance over industrial design
of
“
3r
”
principle. Furthermore, the
article
tries to discuss the conception of
redesign, which is the extension of
“
3r
”
principle in the
area of industrial
design.
Key words: 3R principle;
industrial design; recycling economy; redesign
I
Introduction
Industrial design as a cross-cutting
technology and the arts disciplines, it is closely
related to
the economy and to maintain
its development and progress of society. It can be
summarized: First.
It
services
for
industrial
mass
production,
making
industrial
products
enhance
the
value
and
valued-added.
Second,
it
leads
the
fashion,
to
effectively
stimulate
consumption,
so
that
consumers
now
only
use the
product
at
the
same
time,
but
also
enjoy
the
new
technology
and
material,
Third,
it
puts
technology
to
link
up
with
the
market,
making
products
enhance
competitiveness;
Last but now least, it can bring the innovation
into the enterprise. Therefore, the
economic development needs industrial
design which
has become indispensable
to the country
’
s
economic construction.
However, along with the traditional
industrial design creating high-quality modern
lifestyle
and living
environment and promoting economic development, it
also speeds up the consumption
of
resources
and
energy.
What
’
s
more,
it
does
harm
to
the
ecological
balance
of
the
Earth
and
brings about a serious
of great damage to human survival and sustainable
development. Especially
the excessive
commercialization of industrial design,
utilitarian and excessive pursuit of profit, the
implementation
of
“
merchandise
has
plans
to
abolish
the
system
”
without
taking
into
account
production, use, process waste, such as
the environment, the impact of resources. It can
be said
that people are in
inappropriate and excessive consumption patterns
of life. The industrial design
objectively
becomes
essential
medium
to
encourage
people
to
uncontrolled
consume,
which
is
countered to the essence of industrial
design------creating a science and healthy way of
life.
Facing the threat of human
survival and sustainable development,
in the 20
th
century, people
began to question the sustainable
development of humanity, to carry out a
profound reflection on
sustainable development and to put
forward a suitable model of circular
economy
. The principle of
circular is
“
3R
”
(ie Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) which is of great
significance to the
implementation
and promotion of socio-economic
stability, sustainable development. Against this
background, the
concept of sustainable
development into rapid economic development is
inextr
icably linked to the
design,
based
on
this
ongoing
exploration
and
practice.
“
3R
”
principle
intended
to
sort
out
this
article on various
aspects of industrial design and the guiding, and
attempts to explore the
“
3R
”
principle of industrial design at the
extension.
2: Cycle economic model and
the principle of
“
3R
”
Economy
is
engaged
in
production,
consumption
and
reproduction
activities,
which
is
to
meet human
material needs of their own material. Recycling
economy is considered following the
original
economy,
the
agricultural
economy,
industrial
economy
after
the
time
of
the
post-industrial
economy,
with
the
industrial
economy
is
different
between
the
resources
and
environment
relationship.
Following
the
economic
cycle
refers
to
the
natural
ecosystem
of
the
material
circulation
and
energy
flow
reconstruction
of
the
economic
system
so
that
it
harmoniously into the
natural ecosystem of the material energy recycling
process to product clean
production,
resource
recycling
and
efficient
recycling
characterized
eco-economic
development
patterns, also known as eco-
economy
, green economy
.
2.1: The relationship between economic
model, environment and the resources
Human survival and economic activities
rely on the resources and the environment. On one
hand,
it
is
the
source
of
the
human
beings
material
system;
on
the
other
hand,
it
bears
the
economic
activities
of
human
waste
generated
by
the
various
roles.
The
Earth
can
provide
resources but are
limited, even though it must have the ability to
purify, however it is subject to
human
economic activity the ability of emissions is also
limited.
Industrial economic
development patterns from
“
One Product One resource
pollution
”
posed
by one-way flow of material and an open
economy, this openness has let to a global
depletion
of
resources and
waste, as well as the serious deterioration of the
ecological environment.
Circular
economy
development
patterns
is from
“
one
of resources
of renewable
resources,
one of green
products
”
posed by the
material energy of the closed-up feedback loop
process. This
closed loop system, can
maintain economic production of low, high-quality,
low-waste, which will
be economic
activity of natural resources and environmental
impacts to minimize damage.
2.2:
Interpretation of the circular economy mode
“
3R
”
principle
“
3R
”
principle is the basic manifestation of the
economic cycle, and its specific contents are
as follows:
“
Redu
ction
”
principle is the
first principle of circular
economy
. That is the source
of control
method, which requires the
source of economic activity
–
the design stage, pay
attention to the use
of
resources-saving
and
pollution
reduction
requirements
with
fewer
resources
to
achieve
the
established
purpose
of
the
production
or
consumption.
In
the
production
areas,
usually
the
energy-saving production
processes, material and conservation of resources,
the products of small
size and
lightweight, and easy and simple packaging
requirements in order to achieve the purpose
of reducing waste emissions. In the
consumer area,
reduction of the
supremacy of the principle of
a change
in consumer lifestyles and advocate moderate
consumption and green consumption.
“
Reuse
”
principle
is
the
second
principle
of
circular
economy,
that
is,
process
control
methods, with the aim to
improve the products and resources use
efficiency, it calls for product
design
to initial the form of packaging for multiple
items to prevent premature become
waste. In
the
design,
to
the
use
of
standard-sized
parts,
repair
and
upgrade
in
order
to
replace,
thus
prolonging the service life of
products. In the consumer area, to promote the
purchase of durable
consumer
goods,
to
reduce
the
use
of
disposable
products,
such
as
after-
sales
service
by
strengthening the means to extend the
product life as possible and not waste.
“
Recycling
”
principle
is
the
third
principle
of
circular
economy,
that
is,
terminal
control
methods
of
production
and
consumption
in
the
process
of
waste
generated,
through
the
“
resources
”
of the means of its re-
processing of raw materials can be re-used or
product, put it
back
on
consumption,
Resources
of
the
so-called
class
of
resources
usually
include
the
original
and
secondary
resources.
The
original
class
of
resources
is
the
waste
of
resources
after
the
formation
of
the
same with
the
original
products,
sub-resources
is
the waste
of
resources
into
different types of after the new
products. To promote waste recycling economy will
be the source
of the original and sub-
class of combining resources in order to fully
realize the recycling use of
resources.
3: The impact of the
“
3R
”
principle to industrial design
“
3R
”
principle is now only on products from design,
production, sales, use, disposal and so
on throughout the life cycle have an
impact on all aspect, but also on the industrial
design itself, a
more extensive and
profound changes:
3.1: The impact of
design concept
In modern industrial
economy, the product design is often to serve the
people, just from the
people
to
meet
needs
and
solve
the
problem
as
the
starting
point,
and
do
now
consider
the
follow-up products, use of resources
and energy consumption and emissions on the
environment
and other ecological
problems.
“
3R
”
principle in the design concept under the
influence from the
“
people-
oriented
”
towards
the
“
harmony
between
man
and
nature
”
of
green
design,
while
respecting
the
needs
of
people,
but
also
consider
the safety
of
the
ecosystem.
Cycle
economic
model
of
the
industrial
design
under the
design
concept,
put
people
and
nature
live
in
harmony
and common development in the first
place, the use of systems theory and Calibration
of all acts
of industrial design, from
products design at the beginning of the macro-
environment had priority
to consider
and pay attention to the coordination of products
that run the carious elements of the
process in order to achieve
system optimization.
Here, the
environmental factors are the starting
point of the whole design and end
points, through the design, efforts to improve and
reduce the
products in the production,
use, recycling process, such as adverse impact of
the environment. So
Green
Design
Products
are
in
the
“
harmony
between
man
and
nature
”
under
the
guidance
of
thought
to
the
harmonious
development
of
man
and
nature,
the
principle
of
human-machine
system one
considers the environment, a comprehensive
optimization of the industrial design
of a
new concept.
3.2 The
impact of design style
Simple
is
an
aesthetic
pursuit
of
extremists
on
the
design
of
easy
style,
popular
in
20
th
century, in the United States age 80.
If we say that in the
industrial
economic model, the simple
style of
product design aesthetic is a subjective pursuit
of people, then in the recycling economy
mode,
the
structure
of the
simples
and
most
parsimonious
of
the
materials,
the
most
beautiful
modeling,
the
most
pristine
appearance
simplicity
of
product
design,
sustainable
development
concept is a
concrete manifestation.
”
3R
”
products are doctrine of the
meaning of this simple style
more in-
depth, specific, radical significance.
First, the premise of ensuring the
functionality as far as choice of materials can be
recycled,
such as biological materials,
so less material on refined, appropriate; Second,
to promote. Small is
beautiful; less is
more, the lightweight and pleasant form of
products. Third, the design features of
the object collation, evaluation,
definition, must always focus on the merger, to
simplify, optimize,
and
makes
the core
functions
briefly
products;
Fourth,
the
product
is
intended
to
be
simple
and
clear
language;
Fifth,
the
structure
of
simple,
easy
to
create;
Sixth,
the
choice
of
degradable
material, the
structure of easy solutions, such as withholding
together.
3.3 The impact of design
method
The
impact
of
the
“
3R
”
principle
and
under
the
guidance
of
the
implementation
of
green
design methods are:
modular design, removable design, recyclable
design, long-life design.
Modular
design
is
at
a certain
range
of
different
functions
or
different
functions
the
same
performance,
different
specifications
of
the
products
on
the
basis
of
functional
analysis,
and
design into a serious of
functional modules, through the selection and
combination of modules can
constitute
different products to designed to meet the
different needs of the Ways. The benefits of
modular design: First, make products
with good performance Recycling demolition,
settled design
different
types
of
products
and waste
of
resources;
Second,
it will
be
able
to
be
easy
to
use
or
duplicate
the function
of
independent
recovery,
enhance
the
versatility
of
the components,
once
the end-of-life
products, they can re-use or recycling; Third,
improve the repair of products can
extend the life of the products.
Product
design
is
removable
at
the
design
stage, so
that
parts
of
the
products
have
a
good
performance
of
the
demolition.
Conducive
to
the
re-use
of
components
or
recycled
materials
to
save not only protect the
environment and materials. The demolition of the
design requirements,
Products First,
connect the various parts and components, as far
as possible the use of
detachable
connection, such as threaded
connections, unified type fasteners, reducing the
number of fasteners,
try not to use
welding, riveting, bonding and other non-removable
the connection; Second, in the
selection and processing of raw
materials, the demolition of the connection; to
use and reuse of
recyclable materials,
the types of materials, such as less as possible.
Recyclable design refers to products,
to take full account of the various materials
products
components
the
possibility
of
recycling,
recovery
treatment,
recycle
and
products
recovery
of
costs
related
to
a
series
of
questions,
thus
saving
materials
and
reducing
waste,
minimum
of
environmental
pollution
for
the
purpose
of
a
design
method.
Long-life
design
is
the
design
of
products based on life in the economic
indicators to ensure that products, value and
environmental
requirements
at
the
same
time
try
to
make
our
products
to
extend
the
life
to
achieve
the
slow
resource
consumption
of
a
design
method.
Specifically
include
the
following:
First,
improving
product reliability
and
durability;
Second,
products
are
easy
to
repair
and
maintenance;
Third,
using standard, modular product
structure.
3.4: The impact of design
material
“
3R
”
principle
in
guidance
and
norms,
products
design,
material
selection
should
be
taken
into
consideration: First of all, minimize the use of
materials. Try using high quality materials to
enhance the service life of products:
the prohibitions of the use of contaminated
material against
big, look for the
corresponding sound material substitution; reuse
as much as possible the use of
recyclable materials. Secondly, the
preferred sound of the ecological environment of
the material,
after the preferred
decomposition of waste and the natural world to
absorb the material, preferred
low
power,
low
cost,
low-polluting
materials,
preferred
easy
processing,
and
processing
of
non-polluting or less polluting
materials, preferred materials recycling. Finally,
to reduce the use
of types of materials
in order to reduce the cost of Recycling
Materials; maintain original material,
as far as possible the use of simple
materials, the use of alloy materials, to avoid
material harm to
the
environment
of
the
surface
treatment;
marked
parts
Products
material
composition
for
the
materials
to facilitate recycling and so on.
5.
Conclusion
Circular
economy
is
to
achieve
sustainable
human
development
of
new
economic
development
model.
“
3R
”
principle
is
the
core
substance
of
the
economic
cycle,
the
idea
of
circular economy is the
fundamental expression.
“
Re-
design
”
are able to make the
best of
“
3R
”
in
the
extension
of
the
field
of
industrial
design
and
development,
is
a
matter
of
deep
study
and
practice the new
task, it should be, together with the
“
3R
”
principle, become a model of circular