-
Unit 4
关系代名词（谢孟媛初级文法
国三
第
43
集
~48
集）
第
43
集
<
/p>
关系代名词的功用→连接词
+
代名词
例：
1. I have a
friend. The friend lives in Paris.
(
我有一位住在巴黎的朋友。
)
→
I have a friend and he
lives in Paris.
→
I have a friend who lives
in Paris.
※国语：住在巴黎的朋友
英语：
a friend who lives in
Paris
※语顺为先行词
+
关系代
名词
,
但也有下列句子：
例：
There was an old man in
the apartment who was very rich.
(
这公寓以前住着一位非常富有的老人。
)
2.
I met two girls, one of whom is my cousin.
(
我遇到两位女孩
,
其中一位是我表妹。
)
关系代名词的种类
格
先行词
人
事物、动物
人、事物、动物
※格的用法
格
主格
+
动词
所有格
+
动词
受格
+
主词
+
动词
例
the man who talked to me
the
man whose car was stolen
the man whom I
met
主格
who
which
that
所有格
whose
whose
×
受格
Whom
Which
That
第
44
集
主格的关系代名词
(1)
主格
who
→
先行词
(
人
)+
主格关系
代名词
who +
动词
例：
1. The man is my father.
The
man wears sunglasses.
→
The
man who wears sunglasses is my father.
(
戴太阳眼镜的人是我爸。
)
2.
I don't like people.
They get out of temper easily.
→
I don't like people who get
out of temper easily.
(
我不喜欢容易发脾气的人。
)
(2
)
主格
which
→
< br>先行词
(
事物、动物
)+
主格关系代名词
which
+
动词
例：
1. I live in the house.
The house
stands on the hill.
（
hill
不高的山、山丘）
→
I live in the house which
stands on the hill.
(
我住在那栋位于山丘上的房子里。
)
2. English is a language.
It is spoken
all over the world.
→
English is a language which
is spoken all over the world.
(
英语是全世界通用的语
言。
)
(3)
主格关代
that+
先行词
(
人、事物；动物
)+
主格关系代名词
that+
动词
例：
1. People, who /
that help doctors and look after patients are
called nurses. (patient
n.
病人；
adj
有耐心的
ex:be
patientbe a good patient)
(
帮
忙医生照顾病人的人称为护士。
（
)
I
am Mary,My name is Mary,I am called
Mary
）
2. I like
the building which / that was designed by Mr. Wu.
(
我喜欢这栋被吴先生设计
出来的大楼。
)(design-designer;teach-teacher;drive-
driver;swim-swimmer)
第
45
集
※主格的关系代名词其后所接的动词
,
须与先行词的单复数一致。
例：
l. Tom is one of the boys
who are fond of sports. (
汤姆是那些喜欢运动的男孩其中
之
一。
)
（
b
e font of = like
）
2. I know a child who is good at
surfing. (
我认识一位很会冲浪的小孩。
)(be
good at
精通；
surf the internet
上网）
3. Adults
don't like children who tell lies.
(
大人不喜欢会说谎的小孩。
)
※<
/p>
that
的不同用法
(1)
指示代名词
例：
The weather in Kaohsiung
is hotter than that in Taipei.
(
高雄的天气比台北的天气热。
)
(2)
指示形容词
例：
Look at that dog.
(
看那只狗。
)
(3)
关系代名词
例：
The boy that is playing
the guitar is Jimmy.
(
正在弹吉他的男孩是吉米。
)
（
play the +
乐器；
play +
运动名称
）
(4)
连接词
例：
I think that honesty is
the best policy. (
我认为诚实为上策。
)
所有格的关系代名词
所有格
whose
→
先行词
(
人；事物；动物
)+
所有格关系代名词
whose+
名词
例：
1. I know a girl.
Her father is a
journalist.
（
journalist
新闻记者；
reportor
普通记
者）
→
I know a girl whose father
is a journalist. (
我认识一位她的爸爸是新闻记者的女
孩。
)
2. Look at the
house.
Its roof
was damaged.
→
Look at the house whose
roof was damaged.
(
看那栋屋顶破损的房子。
)
受格的关系代名词
(1)
受格
whom
→
先行词<
/p>
(
人
)+
受格关
系代名词
whom +
主词
+
动词
+(
介系词
)
※口语中
,
受格关代
whom
也可用
who
代替。
例：
1.
The man is a teacher.
She married him.
→
The man whom / who she
married is a teacher. (
她嫁的对象是位老师
)
（不能说
teacher Wang,
可以说
Mr. Wang,
Mrs. Wang, Miss Wang
）
2. The woman has just left the office.
You want to see
her.
→
The woman whom / who
you want to see has just left the office.
(
那位你要见的女人刚刚离开办公室
。
)
(2)
受格
which
→
先行词
(
事物；动物
)+
受格关系代名词
< br>which +
主词
+
动词
+ (
介系词
)
例：
1. Here is a magazine.
I borrowed it
from Miss Wang.
→
Here is a
magazine which I borrowed from Miss Wang.
(
这里有一本我向王老师
借的杂志。
)
2. Remember the advice.
I
gave
you
the
advice.(a
piece
of
advice;
two
pieces
of
advice)
→
Remember the advice which I gave you.
(
记得我给你的忠告。
)
第
46
集
<
/p>
(3)
受格
that
→
先行词
(
人；事物；动物
)+
受格关系代名词
that +
主词
+
动词
+(
介系词
)
例：
1.
The little girl is very cute.
My dad is talking to her.
→
The little girl
that / whom / who my dad is talking to is very
cute.