欧洲文化入门试题及答案

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《欧洲文化入门》复习思考题

I. Choose the most appropriate one for the following blanks.

1. Two major elements in European culture are ____.

A. the Greek and Roman

C. the Greco-Roman

B. the Judaism and Christianity

D. A and B

2. ____ deals with the Trojan War (the Greek states led by Agamemnon in their war

against the city of Troy ).

A. The Odyssey

B. The Iliad

C. Prometheus Bound

D. Persians

3. The play Prometheus Bound was written by _____.

A. Aeschylus

C. Euripides

B. Aristophanes

D. Sophocles

4.

The

best

writer

of

comedy

of

the

ancient

Greece

was

____

,

who

is

Father

of

Comedy.

A. Euripides

B. Aristophanes

C. Sophocles

D. Aeschylus

5. ____ was one of the earliest exponents of the atomic theory.

A. Home

B. Heracleitue

C. Democritus

D. Socrates

6, ____by Plato is a book about the ideal state ruled by a philosopher but barring

poets.

A. Dialogues

B. The Apology

C. The Republic

D.

Symposium

7. Dante called ____ “ the master of those who know”.

A, Aristotle

B. Plato

C. Socrates

D.

Archimedes

8. Euclid is even now well-known for his ____.

A. Elements B. Poetics

C. Ethics

D.

Politics

9. ____ has been a big subject for discussion among writers and artists.

A, Discus Thrower

B, Venus de Milo

C, Laocoon group

D, Parthenon

10. Herodotus , Father of History, wrote about the war between ____ .

A. Athens and Sparta

B. Athens and Syracuse

D. Greeks and Persians

C. Athens and Persians

11. It is _____ who was the founder of scientific mathematics.

A. Heracleitus

B. Aristotle

C. Socrates

D. Pythagoras

took supreme power as emperor with the title of ____ in 27 B. C..

Rome

B. Augustus

C. The Roman Empire D. Pax Romana

13. The great epic, The Aeneid, was written by _____.

A. Lucretius

B. Virgil

C. Julius Caesar

D.

Cicero

14. The oldest and most important of the Old Testament of 39 books are the first

five books, called ____.

A. Deuteronomy B. Exodus

C. the Pentateuch

D. Genesis

15. In ____ the Jews were carried away into the Babylonian Captivity(

巴比伦之囚

).

A. 169 B. C.

B. 586 B. C.

C. 536 B. C.

D,

721

.

16. The most important and influential of English Bible is ____, first published

in 1611.

A. The Septuagint

C. Wycliff’s version

B. The Vulgate

D. Authorized version

17. ____ is the oldest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament.

A. The Septuagint B. The Vulgate

C. Wycliff’s version

D. Authorized version

18. It is generally accepted that ____ and Shakespeare

are two great reserviors of

Modern English.

A. the Bible

B. the English Bible

D. the Old Testament

C. the New Testament

19.

The

Middle

Ages

is

a

period

in

which

_____

,

_____

and

Gothic

heritages

merged.

A. Greco-Roman, Christianity

C. Greek, Roman

B. classical, Christian

D. classical, Hebrew

20. The centre of medieval life under feudalism was _____.

A. knighthood

B. the manor

C. the Church

D. polis

21. In 1054, the Christian Church was divided into ____ and the Eastern Orthodox

Church.

A. Christianity

B. the Roman Church

C. the Roman Catholic Church

D. the Western Catholic

22. _____ by Aquinas forms an enormous system and sums up all the knowledge of

medieval theology.

A. Summa Theologica

C. Opus maius

B. Summa Contra Gentiles

D. Beowulf

23.

The

Anglo-Saxon

epic

____

originated

from

the

collective

effort

of

oral

literature.

A. Song of Roland

C. Beowulf

B. the Anglo- Saxon Chronicles.

D. the Divine Comedy

24. Generally speaking, Renaissance refers to the period between ____.

A. the 13th and 15th centuries

C. the 15th and 16th centuries

B. the 14th and mid-17th century

D. the 14th and 16th centuries

25. ____ is the essence of the Renaissance.

The revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture

Attempts to get rid of conservatism

The flowering of paintings, sculpture and architecture

Humanism

26. Fracesco Petrarch, the author of ____, is known as Father of Humanism.

A. the Decameron

C. David

D. Sleeping Venus

27. After Reformation, _____ came into being.

A. Christianity

C. Lutheranism

B. Calvinism

D. Protestantism

28. Which was NOT true about Durer

A, The leader of the Renaissance in Germany B, A master of woodcut

C, Never being to Italy

D, A follower of Martin Luther

29. Father of modern astronomy is ____.

A. Da Vinci

B. Amerigo Vespucci

D. Marchiavelli

C. Nicolaus Copernicus

30. Vasari was best known for his entertaining biographies of _____.

A. Fabrica

C. the Divine Comedy

B. Prince

D. Lives of the Artists

31.

_____’s

theories

have

given

rise

to

important

developments

of

modern

science,

ranging from Freudian psychology to Einsteinian physics.

A. Galileo Galilei

C. Sir Isaac Newton

B. Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz

D. Johannes Kepler

32.

In

the

first

_____

,

Locke

flatly

rejected

the

theory

of

divine

right

of

kings.

A. the Advancement of Learning

B. the New Atlantis

C. Essay Concerning human Understanding

D. Treatise of Civil Government

33. Thomas Hobbes’s _____ is one of the most celebrated political treatises in

European literature.

A. Leviathan

B. the Advancement of Learning

C. Essay Concerning human Understanding

D. Treatise of Civil Government

34. The theme of _____ is the fall of men.

A. New Method

B. Treatise of Civil Government

C. Essay Concerning human Understanding D. Paradise Lost

35. _____ was the best representative dramatist of French classical comedies.

A. Corneille

B. Racine

C. Moli

è

re

D. Descartes

36. Which of the following artists helped to gring the Roman Baroque style to its

climax

A. Rubens

B. Bernini

C. Borromini

D. Caravaggio

37. Whose doctrines of the separation of powers became one of the most important

principles of the ______

A. John Locke

Montesquieu

38. In which of Diderot’s works, the auth

or developed his materialist philosophy

and fore- shadowed the doctrine of evolutions as later proposed by Charles Darwin

______

B. Rousseau

C. Voltaire

D.

A. Philosophical Thoughts

B. Rameau’s Nephew

D. Encyclopedie

C. Elements of Physiology

39. _____ , novelist, is often called the founder of English domestic novel.

A. Walter Scott

C. Samuel Johnson

B. Henry Fielding

D. Samuel Richardson

40. Which of the Lessing’s works was a landmark in the 18th

-century German drama

_____

A. Minna Von Barnhelm

B. Laocoon

D. Nathan the Wise

C. Hamburgische Dramaturgie

41. In _____ , Goethe draws on a immense variety of cultural material. It is not

only his own masterpiece but the greatest work of German literature.

A. the Sorrow of Young Werther

C. Wilhelm Meister’s Travels

B. Faust

D. Poetry and Truth

42. Among Schiller’s works, _____ was a play best known to the Chinese audience.

A. The Robbers

C. Cabal and Love

B. Wallenstein

D. Wilhelm Tell

43. Kant’s years of his philosophical studies are crystalized in three difficult

books;

among

them

,_____

was

the

most

important

single

book

by

any

modern

pholosopher.

General History of Nature and Theory of the Heavens

Critique of Practical Reason

C. Critiquue of Judgement

D. Critique of Pure Reason

44. It has been said that “ the world had waited centuries for _____ and he was

only to remain here a moment”.

A. Beethoven B. Haydn

C. Mozart

D. Bach

45.

Which

of

the

following

writers

or

poets

is

usually

called

the

father

of

European

historical novel ______.

A. Goethe

B. Victor Hugo

C. Daniel Defoe

D. Walter Scott

46. In 1798,

_______,

a

volume

of poems by Wordsworth and Coleridge,

made literary

history.

A. Songs of Experience

C. Isles of Greece

B. Lyrical Ballads

D. Ode to the West Wind

47.

Which

of

the

following

Romantic

writers

ever

fought

for

women’s

freedom

in

lo

ve

and marriage _____

A. George Sand

C. Daniel Defoe

B. Victor Hugo

D. Henry Fielding

48.

______

stood

in

the

van

of

the

Romantic

movement

in

Russia,

______

is

generally

recognized as his masterpiece.

A. Lermontov, A Hero of Our Time

C. Pushkin, Boris Godunov

B. Pushkin, Luslan and Liudmila

D. Pushkin, Eugene Onegin

49. The publication of Mickiewicz’s _____ is uaually taken as the beginning of

Romanticism in Polish literature.

A. Sonnets from the Crimea

C. Ballads and Ramances

B. Konrad Wallenrod

D. Pan Tadeusz

50. Beethoven’s _____ is a choral symphony, choosing as a text for the finale

Shiller’s Ode to Joy.

A. Symphony No. 3

B. Symphony No. 5

C. Symphony No. 6

D. Symphony No. 9

51.

_____

sought

to

revolutionize

the

opera

by

making

it

a

combination

of

the

arts:

dramatic, musical, and scenic.

A. Berlioz

B. Chopin

C. Wagner

D. Verdi

52. Based on _____ , Marx and Engels developed their own dialectical materialism.

the German classical philosophy

the Utopian Socialism

B. the English classical political economy

D. the Manifesto of the Communist Party

53. Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of _____, so Marx discovered

the law of development of _____.

the survival of the fittest, the communist party

the natural selection, the scientific socialism

organic nature, human history

D. natural species, historical societies

54. In 1858 Darwin received a letter from _____, who, working independently, also

came to the conclusion concerning the origin of the species by means of natural

selection.

A. John Stevens Henslow

C. Thomas Huxley

B. Charles Lyell

D. Alfred Russel Wallace

55. Zola defined the theory of _____ and illustrated it in his great work entitled

_____.

naturalism, Les Rougen-Macquarts

C. realism, the Human Comedy

B. naturalism, Madame Bovary

D. realism, the Charterhouse of Parma

56. ____ was the first master of fiction in Russia to leave romantic conventions

and go to life for his subjects.

A. Nikolai Gogol

B. Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev

D. Count Leo Tolstoy

C. Fyodor Dostoyevsky

57. _____ holds an important position in

his own

country’s

cultural

history as

an