-
Finite
element
analysis
system
development
present
situation and forecast
Along
with
modern
science and
technology development,
the people
unceasingly
are
making
the
faster transportation
vehicle, the
large-scale
building,
the greater span
bridge,
the
high
efficiency
power
set
and
the
preciser
mechanical
device.
All
these
request
engineer
to
be
able
precisely
to
forecast
in
the
design
stage
the
product
and
the
project
technical
performance,
needs
to
be
static,
technical
parameter
and
so
on
dynamic
strength
to
the
structure
as
well
as
temperature
field,
flow
field,
electromagnetic
field
and
transfusion
carries
on
the
analysis
computation.
For
example
analysis
computation
high-rise
construction
and
great
span
bridge
when
earthquake
receives
the
influence,
has
a
look
whether
can
have
the
destructive
accident;
The
analysis
calculates
the
nuclear
reactor
the
temperature
field,
the
determination
heat transfer and the cooling system
are whether
reasonable;
Analyzes
in the new leaf
blade the hydrodynamics parameter, enhances its
operating efficiency.
The
sell
may
sum
up
as
the
solution
physics
question
control
partial
differential
equations often is not impossible.
In
recent
years
the
finite
element
analysis
which
develops
in
the
computer
technology
and
under
the
numerical
analysis
method
support(FEA,
Finite
Element
Analysis)
the
side
principle
for
solves
these
complex
project
analysis
estimation
problems to provide the effective
way
. Our country
in
vigorously
promotes the CAD technology
,
mechanical profession large and middle scalene
terries
CAD
popular
rate
from
85
End
20%
enhances
that
present
70%.With
enterprise
application
of
CAD,
engineering
and
technical
personnel
has
gradually
get
rid
drawing board, and will
join the main energy how to optimize the design,
engineering
and
improving
the
quality
of
products,
computer-aided
engineering
analysis
(CAE.
Computer
Aided
Engineering)
method
and
software
will
be
the
key
technical
elements .
ln
engineering practice, finite element analysis
software and CAD system integration
design standards should be a
qualitative leap, mainly in the following aspects
:
The increase design
function, reduces the design cost;
Reduces design and the analysis cycle
period;
Increase product
and project reliability;
Uses the optimized design, reduces the
material the consumption or the cost;
Discovers
the
latent
question
in
advance
before
the
product
facture
or
the
project
construction;
Simulates
each
kind
of
experimental
plan,
reduces
the
experimental
time
and
the
funds;
Carries on the machine
accident to analyze, search accident cause
factor.
In
vigorously
promotes
the
CAD
technology
today,
from
the
bicycle
to
the
aerospace
craft, all designs manufacture all will not be
able to leave the finite eleme
nt
analysis
computation,
FEA
obtains
the
more
and
more
widespread
value
in
the
engineering
design
and
the
analysis.
The
next
chart
is
the
American
San
Francisco
bay
bridge
earthquake
responds
the
computation
the
finite
element
analysis
model.
The development direction and on
significant progress international early20th
century
in
the end of
the 50's, at
the beginning
of the 60's
has the
formidable
function on the
investment
massive
manpower
and
the
physical
resource
development
the
finite
element
analysis
procedure.
What
is
most
famous
was
(NASA)
entrusts
US
by
American
country
Space
Agency
in
1965
to
calculate
the
NASTRAN
finite
element
analysis system which the scientific
company and the Bell aerospace system company
developed.
This system
development until now had several dozens editions,
is in the present
world the scale
is biggest, the
function
strongest
finite element analysis
system. From
at
that
time
to
the
present,
the
world
each
place
development
facility
and
the
university
also
developed
one
batch
of
scales
smaller
but
to
use
nimble,
the
price
is
lower
special-purpose or general finite element analysis
software, mainly had German
ASKA,
England's PAFEC, France's company's the and so on
SYSTUS, US'S ABQUS,
ADINA, ANSYS,
BERSAFE, BOSOR, COSMOS, ELAS, MARC and
STARDYNE
product.
Now
on
the
international
FEA
method
and
the
software
development
presents below some tendency
characteristics:
1.
develops
from the pure structure
mechanics computation to solves
many physical
fields
question
finite
element
analysis
method
most
early
is
comes
from
the
structure
matrix analysis development,
gradually promotes
to the
board, the shell
and the entity and so
on the continual body solid
mechanics
analysis, the practice
proved this is
one extremely effective numerical analysis method.
Moreover the or
etically also already
proved, so
long as
uses
in to be separated solution object the
unit enough to be small, the obtained
solution may enough approach to the precise
value.
Therefore
the
recent
years
finite element
method
has developed question
the
and
so
on
hydromechanics,
temperature
field,
electricity
conduction,
magnetic
field,
transfusion
and
sound
field
solution
computation,
recently
developed
solves
several
inter disciplinary studies. the
questions. For example when the air current flows
a very
high iron tower to have the
distortion, but the tower distortion in turn
affects to the air
current
flows.
This
needs
to
use
the
solid
mechanics
and
the
hydrodynamics
finite
element analysis
finally
overlapping
iteration solves,
namely so-called
coupling
2
Progresses
from
the
solution
linear
project
question
to
the
analysis
non-linear
problem along with the science and
technology development, the linear theory already
by far could not satisfy the design
there quest. For example in construction
profession
high-rise
construction
and
great
span
hanging
bridge
appearance,
request
consideration
geometry
non-linear problem and
so on
structure big displacement and
big
strain;
Astronautics
and
power
engineering
high
temperature
part
existence
thermal
deformation and
thermal
load, also
must consider the
material the
non-linear
problem;
Such
as
the
plastic,
the
rubber
and
the
compound
material
and
so
on
each
kind
of
new
material
appearance
,only
depends
on
the
question
which
the
linear
computation
theory
is
insufficient
to solve
meets, only
has
uses the
non-
linear
finite
element
algorithm
to
be
able
to
solve.
It
is
well
known,
the
non-
linear
value
computation
is
very
complex,
it
involves
to
the
very
many
special
mathematics
question and the operation skill,
thanks the general engineering technical personnel
to
grasp
very
much.
Has
spent
massive
specialty
and
so
on
manpower
and
investment
development
such
as
MARC,
ABQUS
and
ADINA
for
this
recent
years
overseas
some companies
to solution
non-linear problem
finite
element analysis software, and
widely
applies
to
the
project
practice.
These
software
common
characteristics
are
have
the
highly
effective
non-linear
solution
as
well
as
rich
and
the
practical
non-linear material. Definitely.
3
The
enhancement
visible
pretag
e
modelling
and
the
post
positioned
data
processing
function
early
time
finite
element
analysis
software
research
key
lies
in
infers new high efficiency solution
method and the high accuracy unit. Along with the
numerical
analysis
method
gradually
consummation,
the
computer
operating
speed
rapid
development,
the
entire
computing
system
uses
in
to
solve
the
operation
in
particular
the
time
more
and
more
few,
but
the
data
preparation
and
the
operation
result performance question day by day
is actually prominent. On the present
project
workstation,
solves
to
contain
100,000
equations
the
finite
lement
models
only
to
need to use several dozens minutes. But
if establishes this model with the manual way,
then
the
rehandling
massive
computed
result
must
use
several
week-long
time.
May
not exaggerate said,
engineer calculates a project question when the
analysis has 80%
above the energy all
to spend in the data preparation and the result
analysis.
Therefore
the
present
nearly
all
shangye
finite
element
software
all
has
the
function
very
strong
pretage
modeling
and
the
post
positioned
data
processing
module.
Is
emphasizing
Visible
Today
,very
many
procedures
have
all
established
to
user
extremely friendly GUI
(Graphics User Interface), enables the user
direct-viewing fast
to
carry
on
the
grid
automatic
division
by
the
visible
graphic
mode,
the
production
finite
element
analysis
needs
the
data,
and
the
massive
computed
result
will
reorganize the
distortion chart, the equivalentd
is
tribution
cloud chart
according to
the request,
will be advantageous
for
the extreme
value search and
needs the data to
tabulate
the output.
4
With
the
CAD
software
seamless
integration
now
the
finite
element
analysis
system another characteristic
is and the
general CAD
software
integrated
use
namely,
after
uses
CAD
software
to
complete
the
part
and
the
components
modeling
design,
automatically
produces
the
finite
element
grid
and
carries
on
the
computation,
if
analyzes the
result does
not conform to the design requirement
then recarries on
the
modeling and the computation, until
satisfaction, thus
enormously
raised
the
design
level and the efficiency.
The complex
project analysis question
today,
which engineer
may quickly
solves
in
integrated CAD and
in
the FEA software
environment
in before
is
unable
to deal
with. Therefore now all shangye finite
element system business all has developed and
famous
CAD
software
(for
example
Pro/ENGINEER,
Unigraphics,
SolidEdge,
SolidWorks, IDEAS, Bentley and AutoCAD
and so on) connection.
5
Basically
in
Wintel
platform
development
early
time
finite
element
analysis
software
all
is
in the
large and
middle scale computers(mainly
is Mainframe) on
the
development
and
the
movement,
after
wards
also
developed
take
the
project
workstation
(EWS,
Engineering
WorkStation)
as
the
platform,
their
common
characteristic
all
uses
the
UNIX
operating
system..
The
PC
machine
appearance
caused
the
computer
the
application
to
have
he
fundamental
change,
engineer
had
longed
for completed the
complex project analysis on
the desk
the dream to become
the
reality
.
But early PC
machine
uses 16 CPU and the
DOS operating system,
in
the
memory public block data
is restricted, at that time there fore calculated
the model the
scale
not
to
be
able
to
surpass
10,000
steps
equations.
Microsoft
the
Windows
operating
system
and
32
Intel
Pentium
processor
promoting
for
used
in
the
finite
element analysis PC machine to provide
essential
software and the
hardware supports
the
platform. Therefore on the current
international
famous
finite element procedure
research and the development
organization all
in abundance
move
theirs software the
value
to
the
Wintel
platform
in.
Next
cava
logged
version
environment
and
the
SGI
workstation simultaneously calculates
the solution
time
with ADINA
the
V7.3
in PC
machine Windows on the NT which 4
projects examples
needed. May see the
newest
upscale
PC
machine
solution
ability
already
and
center
low-
grade
EWS
is
equally
matched.
In
order
to
will
develop
on
the
large
and
middle
scale
computers
and
EWS
the
finite element procedure
will
move the
value to PE
machine on,
frequently will
need
to
use
Hummingbird
Corporation
simulation
software
Exceed.
Does
this
the
result
quite
is
troublesome,
moreover
cannot
fully
use
the
PC
machine
software
and
hardware
resources.
Therefore
recently
some
companies,
for
example
IDEAS,
ADINA
and
R&D
starts
in
the
Windows
platform
to
develop
the
finite
element
procedure,
is
called
as
Native
Windows
The
edition,
meanwhile
has
the
finite
element routine package which in on
Linux operating system environment develops in
PC machine.
The
domestic
development
situation
and
the
prospect
in
1979
US'S
SAP5linear
structure was static, the
mechanical analysis procedure
transplants successfully
to
the
domestic
introduction,
raised
the
application
general
finite
element
procedure
to
analyze
the
computation
project
question
the
high
tide.
This
high
tide
continuously
continued
to
1981
the
ADINA
non-
linear
structure
analysis
procedure
introduction,
many
continuously
was
unable
the
project
difficult
problem
which
solved
all
to
be
easily solved for a
while. Everybody also starts to realize indeed is
engineer carries on
then
is
computation
to
the
finite
element
analysis
procedure
using
the
compute
r
the
important
tool
。
At that time but was
restricted in the domestic large and middle scale
computers
very
few,
probably
only
had
the
Hangzhou
steam
turbine
factory
Siemens7738 and the Shenyang air blower
factory IBM4310installment has the above
procedure,
therefore
the
user
mathematics
problem
was
not
extremely
convenient,
moreover
the
expense
was
expensive.
The
PC
machine
appearance
and
its
the
performance miracle enhancement, for
transplanted and develops the PC edition finite
element procedure to provide the
essential movement platform.
May
say domestic FEA software the
development continuously revolves the PC
platform
to
make
the
issue.
Compares
successful
and
has
(above
comparatively
multiuser 100)
the finite element analysis system in the domestic
development to have
the
Dalian
technical
Universit
beijing
mechanics
department
FIFEX95,
Beijing
University
mechanics
and
scientific
engineering
department's
SAP84,
Chinese
farm
machine
arcade
my
of
science's
MAS5.0
and
Hangzhou
automation
technical
institute's MFEP4.0 and so on. But just
like above-mentioned, the overseas very many
famous
finite
element
analysis company
already
formerly a
year
not spare a
glanced
to
the
PC
platform
transforms
for
craves
the
development,
to
the
domestic
FEA
procedure
development
said
developed
the
PC
edition
no
longer
to
have
the
superiority, but should perform from
following several aspects diligently:
1.
Research
developments
solves
the
non-solid
mechanics
and
the
interdisciplinary
studies.
FEA
procedure
passes
through
several
dozens
years
research
and
the
development,
used
in to solve the solid
mechanics
the
finite element
method and
software
already
quite
is
mature,
now
studies
the
front
question
was
the
hydrodynamics,
may
compress
and
the
compressible
flow
body
not
flow
a
nd
so
on
non-
solid
mechanics
and
the
interdisciplinary
studies
question.
Because
domestic
not
similar
function
commercialized
software,
therefore
overseas
software
sells
extremely
expensively.
In
order
to
break
this
kind
of
monopoly
aspect,
we
must
develop
have
the
independent
copy
right,
use
in
to
analyze
the
fluid
and
so
on
non-
solid
mechanics
and
interdisciplinary
studies.
software.
Because
the
hydromechanics
question
far
is
much
more
complex
than
the
solid,
moreover
very
little
has
ready-
made
software
to
be
allowed
to
profit
from,
therefore needs to invest the massive
manpower and the funds. This must have the
country and the major industry group
supports.
2.
Developments
has
the
Chinese
characteristic
the
automatic
modeling
technology
and
the
GUI
development
modeling
technology
and
the
GUI
investment states the topic compared to
front to have little many, but actually may
greatly enhance FEA software the
performance and the
user receptivity,
thus
gets
up the twice the
result with half the effort effect. The domestic
many people did in
this aspect
have
very worked, but
because at that
time PC machine on
graph strut
environment
limited, therefore the development
effect
not
really
was all
ideal. In
Windows
has
provided
the
OpenGL
graph
standard,
for
applied
visible
graph
technology
development
GUI
on
PC
machine
to
provide
the
powerful
tool.
OpenGL
is
the
high
performance
graph
and
the
interactive
ground
view
processing
standard
which
now
on
international
recognizes,
applies
three
dimensional
graph
software
which
it
develops
deeply
specialized
technical
personnel's
cherish,
at
present
in
the
world
occupied
the
dominant
position
the
computer
company
all
to
use
this
standard.
Just
like
front
states,
in
recent
years
overseas
had
the
FEA
procedure
has
abandoned
simulation
software,
directly
developed
the
finite element procedure
in
the Windows platform.
The
Hangzhou
automation
technical
institute
1997-1999
year
uses
the
OpenGL
graph
standard
and
corresponding
Visual
C++
and
so
on
programs
the
tool,
successfully
has
developed
set
of
visible
finite
elements
routine
packages
on
PC
machine.
It
can
direct-viewing
pass
to
Menu
Window
Dialog
box
With
Chartsign
And so on
visible
graph picture and
mark operation,
automatically establishes the
finite
element
analysis
model,
and
by
interactive
side
Buddhist
ritual
procedures
realization
computed result visible processing, thus may
greatly enhance limitedly
raises
the
analysis
the
efficiency
and
the
accuracy,
also
is
advantageous
for
the
user to study and to
grasp.
3.
With
had
the
our
country
independent
copyright
front
the
CAD
software
integration already to say,
now a
finite element
method
important
characteristic
is
and
the
CAD
software
seamless
in
the
gration.
FEA
procedure
voluntarily
develops
which
as
our
country,
first
must
consider
and
our
country
independent
copyright
CAD
software
integration.
Because
the
finite
element
analysis
mainly
uses
in
the
shape
quite
complex
spare
part,
therefore
must
with
have
the
three
dimensional
modeling
function
and
the
CAD
software
integration,
causes
the
design and analysis in
close integration with, merges in tone organic
whole.
In this paper, the static stress of the
coupling
is analyzed by
the
finite-element
software
h
computing
and
analyzing
the
stress
and
the
displacement are
got and
it
gives the base theory
to
improve
the
force condition and
the
structure of the
coupling. What
is
more the
paper
illustrates the
method of
apply
finite-element
analysis to the calculation of internal force in
design.
Has to the center tenon
shaft coupling, depends in a half shaft coupling
the raised
shoulder
to
coordinate
with
another
half
shaft
coupling
on
scoop
channel
but
to
the