-
2020
届二轮复习阅读理解专项训练（
8
）
阅读理解（共
15
小题；每小题
2
分，满分
30
分）
请阅读下列短文，
从短文后各题每题所给的
A
< br>、
B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中，
选出最佳选项，
请在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1
When you throw something in the trash,
soon a garbage truck will come to take it
away. Then where does it go? That
depends on where you live. Different towns deal
with
trash in different
ways.
Recycling
A
recycling truck picks up paper, cardboard, metal,
plastic and
glasses. These
go to the recycling plant to be sorted
and made into new things.
Incinerator
An incinerator
is a huge stove that burns trash to make heat
and electricity. The ash that's left
gets buried in a landfill. Trash
ash
can be poisonous, so it has to be stored
carefully. But it takes
up a lot less
room than just plain trash.
Compost
Food waste might go
to a composter. In a compost heap
(
堆肥
堆
),
bacteria
and
worms
break
down
dead
plants
and
old
food.
They
turn it into good, rich oil. Some people keep
compost heaps
in their gardens. Big
commercial composters handle waste from
restaurants and farms.
Landfills
Some trash gets
buried in landfills. A landfill starts as a big
hole. Trucks
dump
trash.
Big
earth
movers
push
it
into
place
and
crush
it
down.
They cover the trash with dirt to keep scavengers
(
食腐动物
)
away. The
bottom of a landfill is lined with a barrier to
keep bad
things from leaking into
the ground.
Pipes drain away liquid.
When the landfill is full, it's covered with
earth. It
might become a
park or lawn.
56. What can
we learn from the passage?
A. Recycling
helps to generate energy.
B. Bacteria
and worms help handle food waste.
C.
The landfill is used to drive scavengers away.
D. Trash ash is carefully handled to
save room.
【答案】
B
【解析】考查细节理解题。这篇文章讲的是垃圾处理的四种方法。
A
< br>选项对应第一个小标
题，讲到了回收的钢铁、塑料、玻璃等会被制成新的东西而不
是
generate the energy
“产
生能量”
，
故
A
错。
B
选项对应小标题
Compost <
/p>
下的第二句话，
完全符合文章，
故正确。
C
选项对应最后一个小标题
Landfill
，
第五句话
“
They cover the trash with dirt to
keep
scavengers
away.
”用泥土覆盖垃圾再填埋以此赶走食腐动物。与
C
选项表达的“陆地
填埋是用来驱赶食腐动物的”
。两句话概念变了，不相等。
D
选项“垃圾灰被仔细
处理是为
了节约空间”
。从第二个小标题
Incinerator
最后两句话我们可知：垃圾灰有毒需要仔细分
类，但是它比普通垃圾的占地空间小很多。选项表述的目的错了，故
D
错。故选
B
。
57. What's the purpose of the passage?
A. To inform us of trash treatment.
B. To appeal for trash classification.
C. To discuss solutions to trash
pollution.
D. To raise awareness of the
harm of trash.
【答案】
A
【解析】考查写作目的题。根据表格第一段最后一句话
Different towns deal with trash
in
different
ways
.(
不同的城市有不同的处理垃圾的办法
)
以及表格中加粗的四个小标题，
Recycling
（循环
）
，
Incinerator
（焚烧）
，
Compost
（堆肥）
以及
Landfills
（填埋）
可知，
这篇文章是在向读者介绍四种垃圾处理的方法
，故选
A
。
B
选项
是说要呼吁垃圾分类，但
是这篇文章明显是客观地介绍垃圾处理的方法，而选项的陈述偏
主观；
C
选项是说要讨论
解决垃圾污
染的应对方法，
trash pollution
这一点在文章中没有体现；
D
选项说
要让市
民意识到垃圾的危害，这个选项同
B
选项一样是主观的表述，除此之外，
the
harm
of
trash
在文章中也没有体现。
【点评】本次
A
篇阅读考查的是应用文，主要介绍了
4
种处理垃圾的方式。文本简单，
少
生词，
结合图片也很容易看出四种处理方式：
垃圾回收、
垃圾焚烧、
垃圾堆肥、
垃圾填埋。
题目相对而言比较容易，第
56
道题是多细节题，很容易定位到关键句；第
57
题写作目
的题，通过对文章的理
解以及排除很容易锁定答案。
2
Your
first
big-
screen
experience
is
likely
to
have
been
Disney
productions---whether we are talking
about
Snow White and the Seven
Dwarfs
or
Frozen
---that
have
long
been
considered
safe,
healthy
choices
for
kids,
and
pictures that parents can feel they
don't need to screen in advance.
When
you are a big person, a movie seen in a theatre is
much larger than life;
when you're a
little person, it can be like a new entry opening
in the universe.
Those
experiences
matter,
and
Disney
knows
the
power---and
the
profit
potential---of
what's
in
its
values,
which
helps
explain
the
studio's
ongoing
strategy
of
remaking
its
most
popular
animated
films,
often
in
live-action
versions.
How do you feel about director's
interpretation of these movies, a combination
of
live-action
filmmaking
techniques,
virtual-reality
methods
and
computer-generated
imaginary,
depends
largely
on
how
you
feel
about
the
original. The stories,
even with a gently updated scrip, are roughly the
same. If
you
’
ve
seen the original, you know how the rest of them
go.
In the following years, we'll also
watch other Disney's remakes such as
Mulan
.
Any
children raised by Disney films would think that
this is a great time to be alive.
Right?
But judging by
critics' ratings of some live-action movies, it
seems that the
powerful studio has been
unable to wow audiences.
So why more
live actions?
The money
Let's face it: Walt Disney Pictures is
all about generating more revenue. Even
though
it
did
not
manage
to
capture
critics,
it
still
managed
to
catch
the
audience's hearts. And that is more
than enough. After all, films are not made to
entertain
critics;
it's
all
about
creating
an
ultimate
cinematic
experience
for
casual moviegoers. And as long as
they
’
re entertained with new
interpretations of
beloved stories, why
stop making live-action films?
Inclusion
When you spend
your entire childhood dancing and singing along to
these
characters, it's beyond magical
to see them again when you' re an adult and are
the
same
age
as
them.
That's
one
of
the
few
magical
effects
of
movies.
Not
to
mention,
Aladdin
's
South
Asian
cast
is
also
a
strong
statement
for
the
world.
Perhaps this is also
the reason why Disney wants
Mulan
to have an all Asian cast.
Let's hope they're not the only ones
and Disney is bringing more diverse stories to
be told.
Nostalgia
(
怀旧
)
Al of these
Disney remakes are designed to fuel the nostalgia
of boomers, Gen
X-ers and millennials,
and many of the moviegoers who grew up with these
movies,
in particular, now have young
kids of their own. Little wonder the studio is
seeing
big dollar signs in them.
58. Disney productions are parents'
first choice for kids because they _____ .
A. promote
children
’
s overall heath
B. don't need booking in advance
C. don't need a screen to enjoy them
D. have been enjoying a good reputation
【题源】
/5624607/the-lion-king-
live-action-review/
【答案】
: D
【解析】考查细节理解题。定位到原文中第一段第一句，
“
...
Disney
productions
…
that
have long been considered safe, healthy
choices for kids.
”意思是说迪士尼电影对孩
子们来说是安全健康的选择。
这句说明长久以来迪士尼都是享有很高的声誉，
与
D
选项相
符合。
A
选项中的
promote
文中没有提到；
B
选项中的
book in advance (
提前预定
)
文
中没有提到，<
/p>
文中仅说了不需提前审查；
C
选项意为不
需要通过大屏幕去观看，
与文意不符，
并且需要注意原文中的<
/p>
“
don
’
t
need to screen
”中的“
screen
”
意为
“审查”
。故选
D
。
59. Your feeling about the live action
films remade mainly relies on _____.
A.
the filmmaking technology
B. the
popularity of the films
C. the
familiarity with the story line
D. the
computer-generated imaginary
【答案】
C
【解析】考查细节理解题
。定位到原文中第二段第一句，
“
How
do
you
feel
about
director
’
s
interpretation
of
these
movies,
…
depends
largely
on
how
you
feel
about
the original.
”意思是说：你对导演对于这些电影的呈现方式的感觉，很
大的取决于
你对原作的感觉。而第二句“
The
stories,
even
with
a
gently
updated
script,
are
roughly the same.
”进一步表示：这些故事，即便有轻微的更新，跟之前也是差不多相似
的，
所以
C
选项，
依靠对故事线的熟悉，
是符合的。
A
选项：
电影制作的技术和
D
选项：
电脑生成的虚幻，文中有提
到，但不是取决于此；
B
选项：电影的流行，属无中生有。故
选
C
。
60.
In the author's opinion, what could be the main
reason for Disney's more live
actions?
A. It's trying its best to satisfy both
critics and audience.
B. It's sparing
no efforts to earn as much revenue as possible.
C. It's seeking and adding global
elements to make diverse stories.
D.
It's bringing back those sweet memories to its
loyal aging fans.
【答案】
B
【解析】
考查细节理解题。选项
A
定位在倒数第三段的第一行
“
Even though it did not
manage to capture critics
”
，尽管他并没有成功俘获那些批评的人。所以选项
A
说“他
让观众和批评的人都满意”
是错误的。选项
B
定位在倒数第三段第一行
“
Walt
Disney
Pictures is all about generating more
revenue
”
沃尔特·迪斯尼影业（
Walt Disney
Pictures
）旨在创造更多收入。
B
选项符合，并且最主要原因肯定是跟
经
济
有
关，
故
答案
为
B
。
C
选<
/p>
项定
位
在倒
数<
/p>
第二
段
倒
数第<
/p>
二行
“
Perhaps this is also the
reason why
…
.. cast.
Let
’
s hope
they
’
re not the only ones
and Disney is bringing more diverse stories
to be told.
”可知迪斯尼仅仅包含亚洲故事，全世
界的故事并没有包含
在内，所以
C
选项错误。
D
选项定位在最后一段，
选项为“给忠实观
众带来美好的回忆”
，但是原文最后一段句意
为“迪士尼营销者旨在激起以前观众的怀旧之
情”并没有强调给他们带来美好回忆。故<
/p>
D
选项错误。故选
B
。
【点评】
：本次
B
篇属于说明文，主要阐述了迪士尼制作影片的特点，并说明
其制作电影
的主要目的。
三道均为细节题，
答案相关语句都能够较容易地在文章中定位到，
从而准确快
速地找出正确答案，或用排除法也可以轻易选出。
B
篇整体难
度较小，与今年一模和去年
高考
B
篇难度相当。
3
Pinocchio may
be
just a
children's
fairy
tale, but
Spanish scientists at
the
University of Granada recently
investigated the so-
called
“
Pinocchio
effect
found that our noses don't grow
when we tell alie, but actually shrink a bit.
Dr Emilio
G
ó
mez
Mil
á
n
and his
team developed a lie detector testthat used
thermography to tell if people were
lying, and found thatwhenever participants in
their research were being untruthful,
the temperature of the tips of their noses
dropped up to 1.2C, while the
temperature of their forehead increased up to
1.5C.
Scientists also found that drop
in temperature at nose level actually caused it to
slightly shrink, although the
difference is undetected by the human eye.
Dr.
G
ó
mez
Mil
á
n
explained
the
findings.
“
At
the
same
time
we
feel
anxious,
which lowers the temperature of the
nose.
For this study, researchers asked
a number of 60 students to perform various
tasks
while
being
scanned
by
thermal
imaging
technology.
One
of
these
tasks
involved
calling
a3
to
4
minutes
call
to
their
parents,
partner
or
a
friend
and
telling a significant lie. Participants
had to devise the lie themselves during the
call, and the thermal cameras picked up
this
“
reverse Pinocchio
effect
the fluctuation
(
起伏
) in temperature in the
nose and forehead.
Interestingly, the
thermal lie detector picked up the temperature
difference in
80
percent
of
test
subjects,
which
is
a
better
rate
of
success
than
that
of
any
modern lie
detector.
“
With this method
we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce
the
occurrence
of
positives',
something
that
is
frequent
with
other
methods
such as the polygraph (
测谎仪
),
”
said Dr. Emilio
G
ó
mez
Mil
á
n
, who added
that law
enforcement interviewers could
one day combine other lie detection technology
with thermal imaging to achieve better
results.
The thermal lie detector has
been the most reliable in the world, 10% more
than the popular polygraph.
61. Why does the author mention
A. To tell a fairy story.
B. To warn us not to lie.
C. To introduce a research.
D. To inspire us to doubt
old beliefs.
【题源】
/2018/11/21
/tc/169008/reverse-pinocchio
【答案】
C
【解析】考查推理判断题
。文章通过匹诺曹的例子引出文章的主要内容，研究发现：撒谎并
不是使鼻子变长，而是
使鼻子变小。
C
介绍一个研究，正确。文中未具体讲述这个故
事，
排除
A
选项；文章主旨与警告我们不要说谎无关，属于“无中生有”
，排除；
B
选项；启
发我们质疑旧
的观点，匹诺曹本是童话故事，而不是老旧观点，排除
D <
/p>
选项。故选
C
。
62. According to the research, what
might happen if you tell a lie?
A. Your
nose gets longer.
B.
Your nose becomes smaller.
C. Your
temperature gets higher.
D. Your temperature remains
stable.
【答案】
B
【解析
】
考查细节理解题。
定位到第二段，
研
究人员研究的结果：
Scientists also found that
drop in temperature at nose level
actually caused it to slightly shrink
…研
究人员发
现鼻子温度的下降实际上能够引起鼻子轻微的收缩。故选
B
。
63. What can
we learn about the research?
A.
Researchers conduct the study by interviewing.
B. Researchers design different lies
for participants.
C. The thermal lie
detector will prove a popular one.
D.
The thermal lie detector may assists law
enforcement.
【答案】
D
【解析】考查推理判断题。
A
项里的
“
by
interviewing<
/p>
”是错的，该研究不是通过采访
来进行的而是通过做实际的实验来
进行的；第四段中说“
One
of
these
tasks
involved
calling a 3 to 4
minutes call to their parents, partner, or a
friend and telling a
significant lie.
Participants had to devise the lie themselves
…”
,
从这里只能推断出
他们被要求撒的谎是让他们自己设计的，但至于每个人的内容一不一样没有说，可能一样，
也可能不一样。所以
B
项的内容
是无法推断出的；文章最后一段说该测谎仪已经是最靠谱
的了，超过了目前最流行的测谎
仪
10%
，但是
C
项说法
popular
文中没有体现；文章倒
数第二段最后一句话说“…
.law
enforcement
interviewers
could
one
day
combine
other lie detection technology with
thermal imaging to achieve better results.
< br>”未
来执法人员们可以将这项技术与其他的测谎技术结合会得到更好的结果，
所以
D
项说法
符
合。故选
D
。
64. Which might be the best title for
the passage?
A. Will lie detectors tell
the truth?
B. Will lying make your nose
longer?
C. Will lying make your
temperature rise?
D. Will thermal
imaging technology be reliable?
【答案】
B
【解析】
考查主旨大意题。
文章开始以匹诺曹为例引出话题，
即
所谓的是否说谎会让鼻子
变长。然后导入至最近的研究发现，并非鼻子变长，而是鼻子会
缩小。之后就研究的原理，
操作方法和实验对象进行进一步地阐述说明。最后还提到了由
这一原理研发的热度测谎仪。
综上，结合标题的趣味性，故选
B
。
【点评】
：本次
C
篇的文体是说明文，相较于去年二模
C
篇谈论“
footsteps
”这样抽
象的话题，今年的话题相对于学生来说更加熟悉，文章整体
理解难度和题目的难度都不大。
文章首先从很熟悉的匹诺曹的故事作为引入，
然后通过测试人在撒谎情况下的不同表现来介
绍热成像仪测谎器的作用。<
/p>
本篇阅读题理解上相较于去年二模和一模较易，
前三道题都可以<
/p>
定位原文和推断速度得出答案，最后的主旨大意题要注意选择标题的趣味性。
4
For
people
moving
to
Australia,
Price
(2001)
has
identified
certain
values
which may give riseto
cultural shock. Firstly, he argues that
Australians place a
high value on
independence and personal choice. This means that
a teacher or
course
tutor
will
not
tell
students
what
to
do,
but
will
give
them
a
number
of
options
and suggest they work out which one is the best in
their circumstances. It
also means that
they are expected to take action if something goes
wrong and seek
out resources and
support for themselves.
Australians
are
also
prepared
to
accept
a
range
of
opinions
rather
than
believe there is one truth. This means
that in an educational setting, students will
be expected to form their own opinions
and defend the reasons for that point of
view and the evidence for it.
Price also comments that Australians
are uncomfortable with differences in
status and hence idealize the idea of
treating everyone equally. An illustration of
this
is
that
most
adult
Australians
call
each
other
by
their
first
names.
This
concern with equality means that
Australians are uncomfortable taking anything
too seriously and are even ready to
joke about themselves.
Australians
believe that life should have a balance between
work and leisure
time. As aconsequence,
some students may be critical of others who they
perceive
as doing nothing but study.
Australian
concepts
of
privacy
mean
that
areas
such
as
financial
matters,
appearance and
relationships are only discussed with close
friends. While people
may volunteer
such information,they may dislike someone actually
asking them
unless
the
friendship
is
firmly
established.
Even
then,
it
is
considered
very
impolite to ask someone
what they earn. With older people, it is also rude
to ask
how old they are, why they are
not married or why they do not have children. It
is
also impolite to ask people how much
they have paid for something unless there is
a very good reason for asking.
Kohls (1996) describes cultural shock
as a process of change marked by four
basic the first stage, the new arrival
is excited to be in a new place,
so
this
is
often
referred
to
asthe
stage.
Like
a
tourist,
they
are
interested
in
all
the
new
sights
and
sounds,
newsmiles
and
tastes
of
their
surroundings. They may
have some problems, but usually they accept them
as
just part of the novelty
(
新奇事物
). At this point, it is
the similarities that stand out,
and it
seems to the newcomer that people everywhere and
their way of life are very
much alike.
This period of
euphoria
may
last from a couple of weeks to a month,
but the letdown is inevitable.
During the second stage, known as the
“
rejection
to
experiencedifficulties due to the differences
between the new culture and the
way
they were accustomed toliving. The initial
enthusiasm turns into annoyance,
frustration, anger and depression, and
thesefeelings may cause people to reject
the new culture so that they notice
only the things that causethem trouble, which
they then complain about. In addition,
they may feel homesick, bored,withdrawn
during this period as well.
Fortunately,
most
people
gradually
learn
to
adapt
to
the
new
culture
and
move
on to the third stage, known as
“
adjustment
occurs
to a new optimistic attitude. As the newcomer
begins to understand more
of the new
culture, things make more sense and the culture
seems more familiar.
As
a
result,
they
begin
to
develop
problem-solving
skills,
and
feelings
of
disorientation
(
迷失方向
) and anxiety no longer
affect them.
In
Kohls's
model,
in
the
fourth
stage,
newcomers
undergo
a
process
of
adaptation. They have settled into the
new culture, and this results in a feeling of
direction
and
self-confidence. They
have
accepted
the
new
food, drinks, habits
and
customs and may even find themselves enjoying some
of the very customs
that
bothered
them
so
much
previously.
In
addition,
they
realize
that
the
new
culture has good and bad
things to offer and that no way is really better
than
another, just different.
65. According to Paragraph 1, teachers
may expect students to _____in class in
Australia.
A. obey teachers'
instructions
B. ask for advice when
necessary
C. have a discussion with
partners freely
D. explore possible
solutions by themselves
【
题
源
】
/932/view-
solution/reading/australian-culture-and-
cult
ure-shock
【答案】
D
【解析】考查细节理解题
。
【新东方个性化高中英语】认为本题主要考查学生对相关信息的
定位能力以及句子转换能力；题干问的是，
“根据第一段，澳大利亚的老师希望学生在
课堂
上…？”由此，定位第一段，根据文章第一段第二行”
Th
is means that a
…”
,
以及第一
段最后一句
“…
if something goes wrong
and seek out resources and support for
themselves
”得知，澳大利亚老师鼓励学生遇到问题时自己寻找答案，故选<
/p>
D
。
66. Which of the following might most
Australians agree with?
A. Be just to
all, but trust none.
B. Truth never
fears investigation.
C. All work and no
play makes Jack a dull boy.
D. Share
joy is double joy and sorrow half sorrow.
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查推理判断推断题。
根据文章第四段可知，
澳大利亚
人相信生活应是要工作和休
闲之间得到一种平衡；
从而可以得出
，
C
选项中的
“只工作不玩耍，
聪明的孩子也变傻”
与
题意相符；
A
选项“要对一切人都公正
,
但不要对一切人都信任”在原文
中并未提及；
B
选
项中的“事实从不怕调查”以及
D
选项中“和别人分享快乐就会感到双倍的快乐，和别人
分担痛苦就会感到一半的痛苦”偏离重点，文中并未提及。故选
C<
/p>
。
67. What does
the underlined word
”
in Paragraph 6 mean?
A.
Excitement.
B. Confidence.
C. Frustration.
D. Conflict.