-
2011
年英语
B
级考
试试卷答案
一、单项选择题（说明：这是我同学给的）
1 How can we reduce the risk of
cancer?
A cut in B cut down
C cut off D cut out
2
The
steadily
rising
cost
of
labor
on
the
waterfront
has
greatly
increased
the
cost of shipping cargo
by water.
A continuously B quickly
C excessively D exceptionally
3
During
the
past
ten
years
there
have
been
dramatic
changes
in
the
international
sit uation.
A permanent B powerful
C striking D practical
4 The most
crucial problem any economic system faces is how
to use its scarce
reso urces.
A puzzling B difficult
C terrifying D urgent
5 His new
girlfriend had omitted to tell him that she was
married.
A failed B deleted
C refused D rejected
6
The
substance
can
be
added
to
gasoline
to
accelerate
the
speed
of
automobiles.
A quicken B
shorten
C loosen D enlarge
7 We should never content ourselves
with a little knowledge only.
A convince B satisfy
C
comfort D benefit
8 We should
contemplated the problem from all sides.
A deliberated B thought
C described D designed
9 His health
had deteriorated while he was in prison.
A became better B became worse
C became stronger D became weaker
10 If you want my advice, you
should revise your plan for the trip to Beijing.
A change B exchange
C enlarge D encourage
11 Smoking is
inhibited in public places.
A
instructed B inquired
C forbidden D
strived
is
said
to
be
suffering
from
terminal
cancer
and
has
asked
for
euthanasia
(
安乐死
)
A acute B chronic
C final D fatal
13 I felt impelled to tell the
truth.
A promoted B induced
C compelled D improved
14 Its prudent to take a thick coat in cold
weather when you go out.
A
controversial B reasonable
C
sensible D sensitive
15
Are you positive that there’s been no
mistake?
A rational B
reasonable
C certain D bound
二、阅读判断。
阅读判断。
An Observation and an Explanation
It is worth looking at one or two
aspects of the way a mother behaves towards
her
baby.
The
usual
fondling,
cuddling
and
cleaning
require
little
comment,
but
the
position
in
which
she
holds
the
baby
against
her
body
when
resting
is
rather
revealing.
Careful studi es have shown the fact
that 80 percent of mothers hold their infants
in their left arms, ho lding them
against the left side of their bodies. If asked
to
explain
the
significance
of
thi
s
preference
most
people
reply
that
it
is
obviously
the result of the
predominance of right -handedness in the
population. By holding
the babies in
their left arms, the mothers keep their dominant
arm free for
manipulations.
But
a
detailed
analysis
shows
that
this
is
not
t
he
casE
True,
there
is
a
slight
difference
between
right-handed
and
left-handed
females
。
b
ut
not
enough
to
provide
adequate
explanation.
It
emerges
that
83
percent
of
right-handed
mothers
hold
the
baby
on
the
left
side,
but
so
do
78
percent
of
left-handed
mothers.
In
other
words, only 22 percent of the left-
handed mothers have their dominant hands free
fo r actions. Clearly there must be
some other, less obvious explanation.
The only other clue comes from the fact that the
heart is on the side of the
mother’ s
body. Could it be that the sound of her heartbeat
is the vital factor?
And in what way?
Thinking along these lines it was argued that
perhaps during its
existence inside the
bod y of the mother the unborn baby get used to
the sound of
the heart beat. If this is
so, th en the re-discovery of this familiar sound
after
birth might have a claiming
effect on the infant, especially as it has just
been
born
into
a
strange
and
frighteningly
new
worlD
if
t
his
is
so
then
the
mother
would,
somehow,
soon
arrive
at
the
discovery
that
her
baby
is
more
at
peace
if
held
on
the
left
against her heart than on the right.
16
We
can
learn
a
lot
by
observing
the
position
in
which
a
mother
holds
her
baby
a gainst
her body.
A Right B Wrong
C Not mentioned
17
Most
left-handed
women
feel
comfortable
by
holding
their
babies
in
their
left
arm and keep the right
arm free.
A Right B Wrong C Not
mentioned
18
The
number
of
right-
handed
mothers
who
hold
the
baby
on
the
left
side
exceeds
t
hat of left-handed ones by 22%.
A
Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19
The
fact
that
most
left-handed
mothers
hold
the
baby
on
their
left
side
renders
th e first explanation unsustainable.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20
The
fact
that
the
heart
is
on
the
left
side
of
the
mothers
body
provides
the
most
convincing explanation of all.
A
Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 A
baby held in the right arm of its mother can be
easily frightened.
A Right B Wrong
C Not mentioned
22
The
writers
explanation
of
the
phenomenon
is
supported
by
the
fact
that
babies
te
nd
to
be
more
peaceful
if
held
in
their
mothers
left
arms
than
in
the
right
arms.
A Right B Wrong C
Not mentioned
三、概括大意与完成句子。
概括大意与完成句子。
Caring for the old
The
old
do
not
have
to
look
exclusively
to
the
past.
Relieved
of
some
of
life’s
respo
nsibilities
and
fortified
by
many
years
of
experience
and
knowledge,
they
may
have
a
mu
ch
better
idea
of
how
to
spend
their
time
enjoyably
than
they
did
in
their
youth.
And
not
all
enjoyment
is
restricted
to
the
mental
or
philosophical.
Healthy
physical
activity
remai
ns
quite
possible
for
most
of
us
well
into
our
later
years.
Old people
sometimes display surprising freedom and
forthrightness in the
expression of
their thoughts and feelings, and an ability to
transmit affection.
It is as though
some o f the rituals which constrict us in earlier
life fall away.
But
a
higher
percentage
of
people
suffer
from
emotional
distress
in
old
age
than
at a
ny other time in adult life, and the
gap between need and care is often
filled
by dubious measures,
such as heavy-handed prescription of medicinE For
many years
it was assumed that old
people were not appropriate candidates for
psychotherapy.
But a few clinicians h
ave risen to the challenge and discovered that
individual
and group psychotherapy is
just as effective with the old as with the young.
It is easy to understand why an
earthquake causes terror. Yet in old age there
may
b
e
terror
of
a
very
private
nature,
a
sense
of
disintegration
sometimes
stemming
from
inner
conflicts,
sometimes
from
a
premonition
of
death
or
the
fear
of
becoming
dependent.
Dependency
is
a
grim
choice:
insecurity
and
deprivation
must
be
weighed
against
loss
of
autonomy
and
integrity.
But
if
there
is
nothing
shameful
about
the
dependency
of
a b
aby or a young child, there
should be nothing shameful about the dependencies
natural wi th old age and diminishing
physical resources.
The
complexity
and
impersonality
of
the
bureaucratic
establishments,
which
have
the
means
to
provide
help,
are
often
threatening
to
old
peoplE
The
younger
generation
today, on the other hand, will have had
many decades to interact with
by the
time they reach old age.
Many
of
us,
including
healthcare
providers,
assume
that
we
know
what
old
people
an d dying people
want, but our assumptions are often a reflections
of our won
thoughts and feelings based
on personal interpretations of scanty bits of
observation.
Such
assumptions
are
really
an
excuse
to
avoid
close
contact
with
the
terminally
ill.
Assuming
we
what
they
want,
we
observe
ourselves
from
being
with them, and sharing
their thoughts about the end of life.
We
sometimes assume, wrongly, that old
people are too confused or
senile to be
awa re of the
nearness
of death. In consequence, communication
between a dying and
others
is
subject
to
extraordinary
omissions
and
distortions.
the
dying
from
knowledge
of
their
condition
often
serves
to
protect
us
from
the
uncomfortable
prospect
of
talking
a
bout
dying
and
death.
Evasions
like
this
only
lead
to
increasing
isolation at a time when emotional
honesty and understanding are most needed.
23 paragraph 1
24
paragraph 2
25 paragraph 3
26 paragraph 5
A
Knowing better how to enjoy life
B
Freedom in expression
C
Psychotherapy effective with some of the old
D Period of greater emotional
distress
E Dependency: a grim
choice
F Guiltiness: dependency
27 Old people may well be active in
28 Old people sometimes know better
29 It is a natural thing
30 We often think that we know the
feeling of a dying person,
A how
to show love to others
B how to
show anger to others
C yet we know
we are wrong
D various kinds of
sports
E but we are often wrong
F that old people depend on others
四、阅读理解
第一篇
A Gay(n.
同性恋
Biologist(n.
生物学家
同性恋
)
生物学家
)
Molecular
biologist
Dean
Hammer
has
blue
eyes,
light
brown
hair
and
a
good
sense
of
humor. He smokes cigarettes, spends long hours in
an old laboratory at the US
Nation
al
Institute
of
Health,
and
in
his
free
time
climbs
up
cliffs
and
points
his
skis down stee p slopes. He also
happens to be openly, matter-of-factly gay.
What
is
it
that
makes
Hammer
who
he
is?
What,
for
that
matter,
accounts
for
the
tal
ents
and
traits
that
make
up
anyone’s
personality?
Hammer
is
not
content
merely
to
ask
s
uch
questions
。
he
is
trying
to
answer
them
as
well.
A
pioneer
in
the
field
of molecular p sychology, Hammer is
exploring
the role genes
play
in governing
the
very core of our in
dividuality. To a remarkable extent, his work on
what might be
called the gay, thrill-
seeki ng and quit-smoking genes reflects how own
genetic
predispositions.
That
work,
which
has
appeared
mostly
in
scientific
journals,
has
been
gathered
into a n
accessible and
quite readable form in Hammer’s
creative new book, Living
with
Our
G
enes.
“you
have
about
as
much
choice
in
some
aspect
of
your
personality.”
Hamer and co
-
author Peter Copeland
write in the introductory chapter,
“as you do
in the shape of
your nose or the size of your feet.”
Until recently, research into
behavioral genetics was dominated by
psychiatrists
and
ps
ychologists,
who
based
their
most
compelling
conclusions
about
the importance of genes o n studies of
identical twins. For example, psychologist
Michael Bailey of Northwestern Un
iversity famously demonstrated that if one
identical twin is gay, there is about a
50% like
lihood that the other will
be too. Seven years ago, Hamer picked up where the
twin
studi
es
left
off,
homing
in
on
specific
strips
of
DNA
that
appear
to
influence
everything from
mood to sexual orientation.
Hamer
switched
to
behavioral
genetics
from
basic
research,
after
receiving
his
doctora te from Harvard, he spent more
than a decade studying the biochemistry of
a
protein
that
cells
use
to
metabolize
heavy
metals
like
copper
and
zinc.
As
he
was
about
to
turn
40,
however,
Hamer
suddenly
realized
he
had
learned
as
much
about
the
protein
as he cared to. “Frankly, I was bored, ”he
remembers, “and ready for
something
new.”
Homosexual
behavior, in particular, seemed ripe for
exploration because few
scientists had
dared tackle such an emotionally and politically
charged subject.
“Im
gay,”
Hamer
s
ays
with
a
shrug,
“but
that
was
not
a
major
motivation.
It
was
more of a question of
int ellectual curiosity
—
and
the fact that no one else was
doing
this sort of research”
31
The first paragraph describes
Hamer’s
A looks, hobbies
and character.
B viewpoint on
homosexuality.
C unique life-style.
D scientific research work.
32 Hamer was a
A
psychiatrist.
B physiologist.
C chemist.
D
biologist.
33 What is Hamer doing
now?
A He is exploring
the role of genes in deciding one’s
intelligence.
B He is exploring the role of genes in
deciding one’s personality.
C He is writing a book entitled “Live
with Our Genes.”
D He is
trying to answer some questions on a test paper.
34 What happened to
Hamer’s research interest?
A He turned to basic research.
B He
sticked to basic research.
C He
turned to behavioral genetics.
D He
sticked to behavioral genetics.
35
According
to
Hamer,
what
was
one
of
the
main
reasons
for
him
to
choose
homos
exual behavior as his
research subject?
A He is a gay and
he wants to cure himself.
B He was
curious about it as a scientist.
C
He was curious about it like everyone else.
D It is a subject that can lead to
political success.
第二篇
Silent
and Deadly
Transient ischemic
attacks(TIAS), or mini-strokes, result from
temporary
interruptions
of
blood
flow
to
the
brain.
Unlike
full
strokes,
they
present
symptoms
lasting anywhere fr
om a few seconds to 24 hours. Rarely do they cause
permanent
neurological damage, but they
are often precursors of a major stroke.
“
Our message is quite
clear,
”
says Dr. Robert
Adams, professor of neurology at
the
Medical College of Georgia in August.
“
TIAS
，
while less severe than strokes
in the
short term, are quite dangerous and need a quick
diagnosis and treatment as
well as
appropriate follow-
up to prevent future
injury.”
Unfortunately,
mini-strokes
are
greatly
under
diagnosed.
A
study
conducted
for
the Na tional Stroke
Association indicates that 2.5% of all adults aged
18 or
older(about 4.9 milli on people
in the U. S. )have experienced a confirmed TI A.
An
additional
1.2
million
A
mericans
over
the
age
of
45,
the
study
showed,
have
most
likely
suffered a mini-stroke w ithout realizing it.
These findings suggest that
if the
public knew how to spot the sympto ms of stroke,
especially mini-strokes,
and sought
prompt medical treatment, thousands of li ves
could be saved and major
disability
could be avoided.
The
problem
is
that
the
symptoms
of
amini-stroke
are
often
subtle
and
passing.
Non etheless, there
are signs you can look out for:
*Numbness or weakness in the face, arm or leg,
especially on one side of the
body.
*Trouble seeing in one or both
eyes.
*Confusion and difficulty
speaking or understanding.
*Difficulty walking, dizziness or loss of
coordination.
*Severe headache with
no known cause.
Along
with
these
symptoms,
researchers
have
identified
some
key
indicators
that
incre ase your chances of having a
full-
blown stroke after a TIA: if
you’re over
60, have exper ienced
symptoms lasting longer than 10 minutes, feel weak
and have
a history of diabete s.
As with many diseases, you can help
yourself by changing your lifestyle. The
first th ings you should do are quit
smoking, limit your intake of alcohol to no
more
than
a
drin
k
or
two
a
day
and
increase
your
physical
activity.
Even
those
who
suffer from high blo od pressure or
diabetes can improve their
odds
—
and minimize
complications if they do ha ve a
stroke
—
by keeping their
illness under control.
If
you
experience
any
of
the
symptoms,
your
first
call
should
be
to
your
doctor.
It c ould be the
call that saves your life.
36 Which
of the following is NOT true of mini-strokes?
A The cause of them remains
unidentified.
B They seldom cause
permanent neurological damage.
C
They symptoms of them are often passing.
D They are not unrelated to major
strokes.
37
To
prevent
mini-strokes
from
turning
into
major
strokes,
it
is
important
to
A save thousands of lives.
B avoid major disability.
C seek prompt medical treatment.
D prevent future injury.
38 The passage indicates that the
symptoms of mini-strokes
A are
always easy to spot.
B are
frequently hard to recognize.
C
usually last a couple of days.
D
can by no means be avoided.
39 All
of the following may be signs of mini-strokes
EXCEPT for
A trouble seeing in one
eye.
B numbness in the face.
C loss of coordination.
D severe headache caused by external injury.
40 It can be inferred from the
passage that mini-strokes are
A
more dangerous than major strokes.
B silent and deadly.
C difficult to
cure.
D sure to lead to major
strokes.
第三篇
Road Trip Vacations
It’s
summer.
In
the
United
States,
it’s
the
season
of
swimming
pools,
barbeques,
cam ping and road
trips.
Road trip vacations where
the car journey is part of the fun are especially
popular w ith college students, who
like to explore the country on wheels. These
budget trips are id eal for students
who often have plenty of free time but little
money.
Ever
since I
went
to college,
I’ve been traveling
around a lot,
exploring
the
country,
summer, Hawkins and
his friends have spent weekends traveling in New
England.
The best part about car
trips, said Hawkins, is that you can be
spontaneous.
a
r
oad
trip,
if
you
get
interested
in
things
you
see
along
the
way
you
can
stop
and explore.
Matt
Roberts, a 20-year-old student from Ohio who drove
to Montreal, Canada,
agree s.
a car and dri ve.
Even
with
high
gas
prices,
driving
with
friends
is
cheaper
than
flying.
Roberts
paid
a
bout
40
dollars
for
gas,
but
a
round
trip
plane
ticket
would
have
cost
nearly
400
dollars.
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