中国国情词汇翻译

中国国情词汇翻译

总需求

aggregate demand

总供给

aggregate supply

企业文化

corporate/entrepreneurial culture

企业形象

corporate image (Cl); enterprise image

跨国公司

cross-national corporation

创业精神

enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit

外资企业

foreign-funded enterprise

猎头公司

head-hunter

假日经济

holiday economy

人力资本

human capital

航空和航天工业

aerospace industry

飞机制造工业

aircraft industry

电子工业

electronic industry

汽车制造工业

car industry

娱乐业

entertainment industry

信息产业

information industry

知识密集型产业

knowledge-intensive industry

国有大中型企业

large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises

轻工业

light industry

博彩业

lottery industry

制造业

manufacturing industry

垄断行业

monopoly industries

市场多元化

market diversification

市场经济

market economy

市场监管

market supervision

购买力

purchasing power

熊市

bear market

牛市

bull market

城镇化

urbanization

房地产

real estate

首付

down-payment

业主

home owner

个人购房贷款

individual housing loan

经济全球化

economic globalization

经济特区

special economic zones (SEZ)

经济增长

economic growth

泡沫经济

bubble economy

关税

tariff

纳税人

tax payer

宏观经济

macro economy

货币投放量

the size of money supply

流动性过剩

excess liquidity

经济过热

overheated economy

通货膨胀

inflation

抑制通货膨胀

curb inflation

注入流动性

to inject liquidity

贴现率

discount rate

存款准备金率

reserve requirement ratio (RRR)

公开市场业务

open market operation (OMO)

逆回购

reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo

引导降低市场借贷成本

to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level

稳健的货币政策

prudent monetary policy

微调货币政策

to fine- tune monetary policy

硬着陆

hard landing

软着陆

soft landing

二十国集团

Group of Twenty (G2O)

财政部长

Finance Minister

全年预期经济增长目标

the expected growth target for the whole year

经济活力

economic vitality

大规模经济刺激计划

a massive economic stimulus package

结构改革

structural reform

硬资产

hard assets

软资产

soft assets

有形资产

tangible assets

经济走廊

economic corridor

整顿市场秩序

to rectify the market order

反垄断

antitrust; anti-monopoly

定价浮动

price fluctuations

谋求利益最大化

to maximize profit

债务审计

audit of debt

地方性政府债务

local government debt/liability

公共财政体制改革

an overhaul of the public finance system

债务管理

debt management

信用支持

credit support

多元文化论

cultural pluralism

文化适应

acculturation

社会保障

social security

班车

shuttle bus

相定迁户

a relocated unit or household

大龄青年

single youth above the normal matrimonial age

独生子女

the only child in a family

单亲

single parent

福利彩票

welfare lotteries

家政服务

household management service

民工

migrant laborers

名人

celebrity

农村剩余劳动力

surplus rural labor/laborers

青春期

puberty

全民健身运动

nationwide fitness campaign

全国人口普查

nationwide census

社会保险

social insurance

暂住证

temporary residence permit/card

青少年犯罪

juvenile delinquency

性骚扰

sexual harassment

走私

smuggling

*

性另歧视

gender/sexual discrimination

年龄歧视

age discrimination

工作歧视

job discrimination

享乐主义

hedonism

文盲

illiteracy

贫富分化

disparity between the rich and the poor

盗版

pirated/illegal copies

一国两制

One Country, Two Systems

三个代表

the Three Represents Theory

两会

(

人大 、政协

)Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)

南南合作

South-South Cooperation

南北对话

North-South Dialog

人大常委会

People’s Congres

s Standing Committee

法制观念

awareness of law

法制国家

a country with an adequate legal system

改革开放

reform and opening-up

公务员

civil servants

官僚主义作风

the bureaucratic style of work

和谐并存

harmonious coexistence

计划生育

family planning

计划生育基本国策

the basic state policy of family planning

4

青才申文明建设

the construction of spiritual civilization

居委会

neighborhood committee

科教兴国

national rejuvenation through science and education

可持续发展

sustainable development

廉洁高效

honesty and high efficiency

两岸关系

cross- straits relations

两岸谈判

cross- straits negotiations

领

土完整

territorial integrity

民族精神

national spirit

普选制

general election system

求同存异

seek common ground while shelving differences

人大代表

NPC member

物质文明和精神文明

material and spiritual civilization

小康社会

a well-off society

小康水平

a well-off standard

一个中国原则

the one-China principle

与时俱进

keep pace with the times

综合国力

overall national strength

共同愿望

common desire

“

走出去

”(

战略

)going global

不结盟

non-alignment

单边主义

unilateralism

多边政策

multilateralism

多极世界

multipolar world

人

口

老龄化

aging of population

人口出生率

birth rate

社区月服务

community service

道德法庭

court of ethics

盗用公款

embezzlement

成人夜校

night school for adults

在职进修班

on-job training courses

政治思想教育

political and ideological education

毕业生分配

graduate placement; assignment of graduate

充电

update one’s knowledge

初等教育

elementary education

大学城

college town

大学社区

college community

高等教育

higher education

高等教育

“211

工程

” the “211 Project” for higher education

高等学府

institution of higher education

综合性大学

comprehensive university

文科院校

colleges of (liberal) arts

理工科大学

college / university of science and engineering

师范学院

teachers’ college; normal college

高分低能

high scores and low abilities

高考

(university/college) entrance examination

高校扩招

the college expansion plan

教育界

education circle

教育投入

input in education

九年义务教育

nine-year compulsory education

考研

take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools

课外活动

extracurricular activities

必修课

required/compulsory course

选修课

elective/optional course

基础课

basic courses

专业课

specialized courses

课程表

school schedule

教学大纲

teaching program; syllabus

学习年限

period of schooling

学历

record of formal schooling

学分

credit

启发式教学

heuristic teaching

人才交流

talent exchange

人才战

competition for talented people

商务英语证书

Business English Certificate (BEC)

适龄儿重入学率

enrollment rate for children of school age

升学率

proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate

京剧

Peking opera

秦腔

Qin opera

功夫

Kungfo

太极

Tai Chi

口

技

ventriloquism

木偶戏

puppet show

皮影戏

shadowplay

折子戏

opera highlights

杂技

acrobatics

相声

witty dialogue comedy

刺绣

embroidery

苏绣

Suzhou embroidery

泥人

clay figure

书法

calligraphy

中国画

traditional Chinese painting

水墨画

Chinese brush painting

中国结

Chinese knot

中国古代四大发明

the four great inventions of ancient China

火药

gunpowder

印刷术

printing

造纸术

paper-making

指南针

the compass

青铜器

bronze ware

瓷器

porcelain; china

唐三彩

tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty

景泰蓝

cloisonne