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老师给的医学英语词根，对不起老师了
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2010-07-22 21:54:44
来自
:
spect
< br>(
士不可以不弘毅，任重而道远！
)
1
．人体主要器官前缀
名称
通用名
前（后）缀
常用形容词
示例
心
heart cardiao- cardial
cardium/carditis/cardiology
脑
brain
encepholo- cerebral
cerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology
肺
lung pulmo-
pulmonary pulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology
肝
liver hepato-
hepatic hepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology
胃
stomach gastro-
gastric gastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology
胆
gallbladder
chole- biliary
holecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy
肠
intestine
entero- intestinal
enteritis/enterectomy/enterology
脾
spleen splen-
splenic splenitis/splenectomy/splenology
胰
pancreas
pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/pancreatectomy
肾
kidney nephro-
renal/nephric nephritis/nephropathy/nephrology
2
．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀
名称
通用名
前（后）缀
示例
血
blood hemo-/hemato
hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma
血管
vessel vaso-
vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular
静脉
vein veno-
venography/intravenous/venoconstriction
动脉
artery
arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis
肌
muscle myo-
mycology/myositis/myocarditis
髓
marrow
myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma
神经
nerve
neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron
细胞
cell
cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte
尿
urine uro-/ur-
urology/urosurgery/urogenital
体
body
somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome
3
．与数字有关的前缀
数字
前缀
示例
一（单）
mono-/uni-
monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional
二
bi-/di-
bilateral/biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide
三
tri-
trilateral/triphasic/trigeminal nerve
四
tetra-
tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia
五
penta-
pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride
六
hexa-
hexachromic/benzene
hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund
七
hepta-
heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent
八
octa-
octahedral/octal system
九
nona- nonapeptide/nonagon
十
deca-
decade/decagram/decaliter
注：十位数的表示一般为：
个位数前缀
+deca
，如：
hexa
decanol
（十六烷醇），
tetradecapepti
de
gastrin
（十四肽胃泌素），
octadecanoic acid
（十八烷酸）
4
．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀
颜色
通用名
前缀
示例
色
color
chrom-/chromo- chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer
红
red erythro-
erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer
白
white leuko-
leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira
黑
black melano-
melena/melanoma/melanoderma
黄
yellow xantho-
xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma
蓝
blue
cyan-/cyano cyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia
紫
violet/purple
绿
green
棕
brown brown
mixture/brown ring
橙
orange Victoria orange/ethyl
orange/orange G
粉红
pink oink frothy sputum
绯红
crimson
青铜
bronzed
bronzed diabetes
注：有些病名的
“
蓝
”“
紫
”“
青
”
为同义，其前缀都为
< br>“cyano
-
”.
5
．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀
(1)
含义
前（后）缀
形容词
示例
病
patho-
pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis
/-pathy -pathic
neuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy
病态
-osis -otic
neurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis
增多
leukocytosis/e
rythrocytopenia/granulocytosis
减少
-penia -penic
leukocytopenia/erythrocytopenia/granulocytopenia
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