(完整版)高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧

关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测词义，是阅读过程中

的一大关键，也是高考的热点。如：

例

1.(2002

年全国卷，

B

篇)“Organic

produce is always better

，”Gold said，“The

food is free of pesticides(

农药

)

，

and you are generally supporting family farms

instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally(

本地

)grown and

seasonal

，so

it

is

more

tasty.”

Gold

is

one

of

a

growing

number

of

shoppers

buying

into

the

organic

trend

，

and

supermarkets

across

Britain

are

counting

on

more

like

him as they grow their organic food business

is

the

meaning

of

“the

organic

trend”as

the

words

are

used

in

the

text？

g interest in organic food quality of organic food

market for organic food prices of organic food

例

2.(2003

年全国卷

,C

篇

)Ferma t's Last Theorem(

定理

).First put forward by the

French

mathematician

Pierrede

Fermat

in

the

seventeenth

century

，

the

theorem

had

baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds

，

including a French woman

scientist

who

made

a

major

advance

in

working

out

the

problem

，

and

who

had

to

dress

like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.

of

the

following

best

exp

lains

the

meaning

of

the

word

“baffle”

as

used

in the text

？

encourage

people

to

raise

questions.

cause

difficulty

in

understanding.

provide a person with an explanation. limit people's imagination.

例

he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet

. I don’t like to be with him.

A. drunk

B. sweating

C. happy

D. mistaken

练习：

1.A deaf and dump guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails.

2. The climate of the west coast is the most moderate in Canada, summers are cool and

fairly dry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, the temperature is usually

above freezing.

3. All the houses in the city collapsed during the earthquake.

4.

For

people

who

live

within

a

stone’s

throw

from

the

office

to

be

late

to

work

is

unforgivable.

5.

The

conflagration

was

so

fierce

that

with

just

a

few

second

one

could

see

towering

flames where the house had stood and the smoke which filled the sky could be seen for miles

and miles.

（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义

< /p>

有些阅读文章，尤其是新闻报导及科普类文章中的有些生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解< /p>

释说明性的短语或句子，

如

to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, to refer to, to mean ,in other

1

words

等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示，这 时可利

用这种关系或解释对前面或后面的词义进行猜测。

例如：

1.(2006

年福建卷，< /p>

A

篇

) The schools are reluctant to take time off--even

teachers with tickets for the England- Argentina game had trouble getting the day

off.

underlined word“reluctant”in the passage may probably mean_______.

A. kind B. unwilling C. free D. careless

2.

Some

ships

carried

cargo

such

as

coal,

oil

and

military

supplies(

军用物资

),wh ile

others

carried only passengers.

练习：

, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifter,

who always take away things from the shop without paying for them.

best football, basketball and tennis players can become professional that means they

will have a career in sports and will get money when they play.

mania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.

word

“

lefty

”

means a person who uses his or her left hand for writing, eating and

other jobs.

s

recommended

that

everyone

exercise

every

day,

particular

those

who

spend

many hours doing sedentary activities like reading, typing or sewing.

6.A person who has the SARS

（非典型肺炎）

may have symptoms like coughing and a

high temperature.

（三）根据反义词或反义关系

有的文章作者为了增强表达效果，会用一对反义词揭示事物的 不同点，形成鲜明的对比，

这时只要把握其中的一词，就不难推出另一词的含义，这种句 子多见

unlike, although, but,

yet, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, for one thing, for another, instead of, rather than

等

信息词。

例如：

One idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite

the reverse, business polite, life itself is games which we must normally play with very imperfect

information.

A. Quite right.

B. Time enough.

C. Most unlike.

D. Just the opposite.

练习：

the

Unite

States

where

many

different

nationalities

make

up

the

population,

Japan

’

s population is quite homogeneous.

2. Thousands of people got stuck in lifts. But no one panicked, we passed the time telling

stories.

3. Most of us agreed; however, Gary dissented.

4. He is homely, not at all as handsome as his brother.

(

四

).

根据同义词或近义词关系

常见的引出同义词的标志性词语有

or, like, similarly

等。

例如：

Millions of animals die each year on roads, the highway administration reports. In fact,

only about 80

ocelots,

an endangered wild cat exist in the US today. The main reason? Roadkill.

练习：

every historic

mansion,

church, battle site, theatre and other public halls can be

preserved.

2