-
六选四
(分题材)
针对高考
中等程度偏上
One
生活类
(
A
)
A. Of course, you don’t always need to
wear a suit.
B. Besides, men
care more about dress codes than women do.
C. In short--remember to keep your
whole style plain and simple.
D.
Companies have seen that the more relaxed attitude
to dress not only promotes comfort,
but also encourages younger workers to
stay.
E. All in all, not every company
allows its staff to wear earrings.
F.
First, let’s look at color.
Getting dressed for the office
It’s clear that business wear has
changed in the last few years
--for both
men and women. Even traditional
business such as law companies have
altered their dress codes from “smart” to
“smart
-
casual”. ___1___.
What is
less clear, however, is what
“smart
-cas
ual” actually
means. I hope to give you a few basic tips here.
There are
many factors involved:
for
example, the particular
industry
you work in, how
much contact you have
with
the
public and your position in the
company. The seasons even have a part to play--
what is acceptable in the summer
might
not be in the autumn or winter.
So,
does “smart
-
casual” mean you
can come to work in tracksuit bottoms and sandals,
or does it just mean
that you don’t
have to wear a tie? ___2___. Fashionable colors
for suits for
both men and women this
season are
still
the
traditional
grey,
dark
blue
and
black.
You
see
someone
wearing
grey
and
it
indicates
a
conservative,
professional
image;
dark
blue
says
you’re
trustworthy;
and
black
always
looks
smart
and
classy.
These
colors
don’t have to look
boring, however. Try wearing a shirt or blouse
with a splash of color. Pale blue, pink or lilac
are
better than loud colors like bright
pink and dark red.
____3__. Men can go for a
sports-type jacket, with a shirt or smart jumper.
You can wear well-cut trousers
made
of
wool, or
a
good pair
of
chinos.
Women
can
wear
trouser
suits
or
skirt
suits.
You
can
also
wear
more
fashionable trousers and a blouse, or a
skirt and top. But be careful; avoid wearing
baggy, loose clothes, very short
skirts
and lots of logos and patterns. If in doubt, go
back to the suit. You need a similar attitude to
jewelry, bags
1
and other accessories; you should try
to resist large earrings and huge, colorful bags.
___4___.
答案
:
DFAC
(
B
)
A.
They take
advantage of the fact that women will put up with
any amount of discomfort, as long as they
look right.
C. Skirts are
lengthened or shortened, neck-lines are lowered or
raised, and so on.
D. Men are too
clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion
designers.
AB. Consequently, clothes
worn only a few times have to be put aside because
of being out of fashion.
AC. Though
less changeable, men’s clothes are of better
quality and cost more than women’s.
If women are
mercilessly
exploited
(
利用
) year after year, they
have only themselves to blame. Because they
tremble at the thought of being seen in
public in clothes that are out of fashion, they
are always taken advantage of
by the
designers and the big stores. ___1__ When you come
to think of it, only a woman is capable of
standing in
front of a wardrobe packed
full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has
nothing to wear.
Changing
fashions are nothing more than the intentional
creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of
money each year to replace clothes that
have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to
throw away clothing
in this way, waste
hours of their time altering the dresses they
have. ___2__
No
one
can
claim
that
the
fashion
industry
contributes
any
thing
really
important
to
society.
Fashion
designers are rarely concerned with
vital things like warmth, comfort and durability.
___3__There can hardly be a
man who
hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the
sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a
winter day, or
delicately picking her
way through deep snow in high- heeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the
matter of fashion
,
the
conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the
constantly
changing
fashions
of
women's
clothes,
one
wonders,
reflect
basic
qualities
of
inconstancy
and
instability? ___4__ Do their unchanging
styles of dress reflect basic qualities of
stability
(
稳定
)and
reliability
(
可
靠
)?
That is for you to decide.
2
答案
:
AB, C, A,
AC
(
C
)
A.
What accounts for this culture of generosity?
B. This belief is central
to the national character.
C. How can a sense of generosity be
cultivated?
D. Americans’
generosity is root
ed in selfless
behavior.
AB. America’s
philanthropic nature is not restricted to the
rich.
AC. The formal
practice of philanthropy traces its origin to a
Founding Father.
Charity
—Humanity’s most
kind and generous desire—
is a timeless
and borderless virtue, dating at least to
the
dawn
of
religious
teaching.
< br>Philanthropy
(慈善行为)
as
we
understand
it
today,
however,
is
a
distinctly
American phenomenon, inseparable from
the nation that shaped it. From colonial leaders
to modern billionaires
like Buffett,
Gates and Zuckerberg, the tradition of giving is
woven into the national DNA.
____1____
Benjamin Franklin, an icon of individual industry
and
frugality
(
节俭)
even
in his own day, understood
that with
the privilege of doing well came the price of
doing good. When he died in 1790, Franklin thought
to
future generations, leaving in trust
two gifts of 1,000 Ib. of sterling
silver
—
one to the city of
Boston, the other to
Philadelphia.
According to his instruction, a portion of the
money could not be used for 200 years.
While
Franklin’s
gifts
lay
in
wait,
the
t
radition
he
established
evolved
alongside
the
young
nation.
____2____ Often far less
famed men and women have played a critical role in
philanthropy’s evolution
. One of
my personal heroes is Julius Rosenwald,
who helped construct more than 5,300 schools
across the segregated
(种
族隔离)<
/p>
South and opened classroom doors to a
generation of African-American students.
____3____ The answer is not just to
benefit others. Tax reduction, for one, encourages
the rich people to give.
And
philanthropy has long helped improve the public
image of everyone from immoral capitalists to the
new tech
elite. More troubling,
however, are the foundational problems that make
philanthropy so necessary. Just before his
death, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
wrote, “Philanthropy is praise
-worthy,
but it must not cause the philanthropist to
overlook the circumstances of economic
injustice which make philanthropy
necessary.”
Franklin’s gifts represent
a
broader principle. We are guardians of a public
trust, even if our capital came from
private enterprise, and our most
important obligation is ensuring that the system
works more equally and more
justly for
more people.
____4____
America’s greatest stre
ngth is not the
fact of perfection, but rather the act of
perfecting.
3
答案
:
AC,
AB,
A,
C
(
D
)
A. The evidence indicates that this
hypothesis applies chiefly to males.
B.
These points of view are widely accepted by the
U.S. lawmakers.
C. Finally, the authors
examined the possible causes for the sex
difference in sports interest.
D. For
example, in every society, males participate in
sports at least twice as much as females in terms
of
frequency or duration.
E.
These points challenge the bedrock assumptions of
many scholars and policy makers.
F.
However, how can we address the issue from a
broad, evolutionary perspective?
Sex difference in sports interest: What
does evolution say?
Sports
are
enormously
popular,
and
one
striking
pattern
is
that
boys
and
men
are
typically
much
more
involved
than
are
girls
and
women.
This
sex
difference
has
policy
implications,
and
it
raises
fundamental
questions about
the nature of sex differences. A recent review
article by Deaner, Balish, and Lombardo (2016),
published in
Evolutionary
Behavioral Sciences
, analyzes the
relevant theoretical work.
First,
the
authors
demonstrated
that
females'
under-
representation
in
sport--
both
as
participants
and
spectators--generally
reflects
their
lesser
sports
interest,
not
merely
fewer
opportunities
for
involvement.
Moreover,
this
sex
difference
occurs
in
all
societies
described
thus
far,
from
hunters
and
gatherers
to
large
contemporary
societies. _____1_____.
Next,
the
authors
explored
adaptive,
functional
hypotheses
(猜想)
for
sports.
One
hypothesis
holds
that
individuals
compete
in
sports
to
gain
status
and
that
non-
participants
monitor
sports
performances
so
they
can
evaluate
potential
competitors
and
allies
(同盟)
.
_____2_____.
Another
hypothesis
is
that
sports
serve
as
courtship displays that
advertise participant quality to the opposite sex.
This hypothesis effectively explains some
aspects of females' sports interest.
_____3_____. Although it is often
assumed that socialization practices entirely
cause this sex difference, the
evidence
that socialization plays a role remains doubtful.
In particular, no systematic historical comparison
has
ever shown a decrease in the sex
difference. Moreover, several studies indicate
that inborn hormones contribute to
males' greater sports interest.
The
points
from
this
review
are
that
the
sex
difference
in
sports
interest
is
widespread,
partly
due
to
evolutionary
pressures
that
differentially
affected
males
and
females,
and
unlikely
to
be
fully
overturned
by
4
socialization.
_____4_____.
Most
notably,
Title
IX
is
a
U.S.
law
that
prohibits
sexual
discrimination
in
educational
opportunities,
including
sports,
and
Title
IX
is
generally
implemented
under
the
assumption
that
females' sports
interest is inherently equal to that of males. The
present research indicates that this
implementation
may require revision.
答案
:
DACE
Two
科技类
(
A
)
A. Unfortunately, there aren’t nearly
enough trained genetics counselors to handle the
coming upsurge in demand for
this type
of information.
B. Adults cannot do
much to alter their biological lot, bu
t
what if parents could examine their unborn child’s
genome?
C. Cancer has become
the first killer these years. That’s why people
tend to take overtreatment with the knowledge of
family history.
D. Another
fear is that a customer without discussing with
genetics counselor can receive information via the
Internet
about a multifold greater risk
of breast cancer.
AB. Another problem
arises whether it is moral to chose to stop
pregnancy because of the genome problem.
AC. Attitudes toward child rearing
might change along with the new technology.
In
a
few
years
you
will
be
able
to
order
a
transcript
of
your
entire
genetic
code
for
less
than
$$1,000.
____1____Two
different
university
laboratories
have
developed
test
that
will
reveal
the
entirety
of
a
baby’s
genetic code using
just a blood sample from the mother plus a drop of
saliva(
唾液
)from the father.
Prenatal(
出生前的
)
whole-genome
sequencing
will
provide
volumes
of
information
beyond
the
currently
available tests exclusively for genetic
disorders such as Down’
s syndrome or
Tay-Saches disease. The three billion
units of code furnished in the new
tests will also dwarf(
使
……
相形见的
) the relative
trickle(
零散
)of information
provided by consumer gene-testing
services such as 23andMe, which currently look
only at perhaps about one
million
locations in the genome.
____2____Without
careful
panning,
the
new
prenatal
genetics
might
rob
a
child
of
the
chance
to
make
decisions
best
left
until
adulthood---whether
or
not
to
learn,
for
instance,
if
a
mutation(
突变
)predicts
the
inevi
tability of
Huntington’s disease 20 years hence.
_____3_____.
Similar
laissez0faire(
放住
)action to
prenatal whole-genome testing could
portend(
预示
)tragedy.
5
Ultimately
certain
agency
will
need
to
develop
a
comprehensive
policy
on
prenatal
whole
genome
testing.
Bioethics scholars wrote an analysis
last summer that calls on the medical community to
develop a guide to the
most relevant
genomic data for future parents. ___4___Without
access to a much higher level of refined
expertise,
the secrets of our
offspri
ng’s genetic code will continue
to remain an unnerving cipher
---or
worse.
答案
: B
AC
C
A
(
B
)
A. Another function of
scannable chips in clothing could be the ability
to find out more information about the
product,
B. High-tech
clothes will be a bestseller of IT times.
C. Through smart connected devices in
our homes, our shopping needs will be anticipated
and taken care of.
E. But what if it
could soon be our clothing itself that has
Internet connect ability?
F. it isn't
just a dream - internet-connected clothes are
already being made but are yet to go mainstream.
Wearable technology is
nothing new - activity trackers and smart watches
are now as ubiquitous as trainers
and
glasses. ____1_____ In the not too distant future,
it's highly likely that our clothes will be almost
as smart as
our phones.
Given we’ve survived just
fine
for millennia with the clothes we
have now , you might wondering what the
point of connected clothing would be.
Well, imagine if when you put a jacket in the
washing machine, a chip in
the
jacket
automatically
puts
the
machine
on
the
right
laundry
setting,
making
life
just
that
little
bit
easier.
_____2______For
instance, how it was designed, its sustainability
and even a playlist made by the brand.
Whilst
none
of
these
functions
are
things
we
need,
the
hope
is
that
they'll
enhance
our
clothing
and
the
experience
that
goes
with
wearing
it.
_____3____One
company
leading
the
way
is
clothing
care
label
manufacturer Avery
Dennison, who have teamed up with fashion label
Rochambeau and Everything to create a
bomber jacket with a personalized QR
code. The code in the chip then gives the wearer a
number of perks such as
entry to
exclusive clubs, special menus at certain
restaurants and a ticket to Rochambeau's next
runway show.
But
internet-
connected
clothing
isn't
the
only
way
fashion
is
combining
with
technology
-
programmatic
commerce,
a
concept
developed
by
global
ecommerce
consultancy
Salmon,
is
set
to
change
the
way
we
buy
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