Palm掌上计算机历史最经典机型回顾

印，

memory stick

的扩展槽，

jog(

转点通的滚轮

)

< br>，和弦铃声，

大概差不多上所有

sony

机器的特点，此外高分的屏幕，增强红

外的遥控乐趣，

N

系列支持的

mp3

，

白色的金属外壳，

大概在

palm

的单一的商务面孔外增添了许多的乐趣。

提到历史大概就停不下了，有人讲

p pc

是炫目的情人，而

palm

却是夫 人，你如何想

?

希望拥有自己的一台

p alm

吗？等待

着你，加入“胖”的行列！

Chronology of Handheld Computers

Copyright

?

2001-2003 Ken Polsson

1972

(month unknown)

Hewlett-Packard introduces the HP-35, the first

scientific handheld calculator. [4.178]

1973

(month unknown)

Texas Instruments enters

the

pocket

calculator field

with the introduction of the Texas Instruments SR-50

Slide Rule Calculator. It sells for about US$$75.

[4.179]

1980

?

?

July 31

Radio

Shack

introduces

the

TRS-80

Pocket

Computer.

It

features

a

24

character

display,

QWERTY

keyboard,

and

1.9

KB

of

programmable

memory.

Price

is

US$$230.

[5.172]

[8.198] [86.144] [140.D3] (August [7.30])

(month unknown)

Panasonic and Quasar

unveil handheld

computers,

made

by Matsushita. The units use a 1-MHz 6502 CPU, and

weigh 14 ounces (397 grams). [6.34]

1981

November 10

Panasonic introduces

The

Link handheld computer,

the

size of

a

small book, with

a

keyboard

but

no display.

It can be hooked up to a television or to a host

computer

via

a

telephone

dial-up

connection.

Price

is

US$$500-600. [155.D5]

?

?

?

1982

January

Sharp

introduces

the

Sharp

PC-1500

Hand

Held

Personal

Computer.

It

comes

with

16

KB

ROM,

and

3.5

KB

RAM.

Price

for

computer

is

US$$300.

Price

for

tiny

color

graphics

printer that attaches to the side, US$$250. [10.67]

?

?

Radio Shack introduces the TRS-80 Pocket Computer,

Model PC-2, for US$$280. It uses a 1.3 MHz 8-bit

microprocessor,

and has a 26-character display,

with

upper and lower case characters. It comes with 16 KB

ROM, and 2.6 KB RAM,

expandable to

16 KB. An optional

4-color

printer

attaches

to

the

side.

[11.216]

[15.41]

August

Hewlett-Packard introduces the HP75C portable

computer.

It

features

a

rechargeable

battery

pack,

16K

RAM, 65 key keyboard, 1 line by 32 character LCD

display,

magnetic

card

reader,

48K

ROM

including

BASIC

interpreter, text editor, and scheduler. Size is is

?

11.1 x 6 x 1.1 inches; weight is 26 ounces; price is

US$$995. [31.184] [45.178] [74.D4]

(month unknown)

NEC introduces the PC-2001 Hand-Held Computer. It

features an 8-bit 4 MHz CMOS uPD7907 microprocessor,

36 KB

ROM, 16 KB

RAM, serial

port,

and

40x2 character

LCD screen. [18.125]

?

?

Sanyo introduces the PHC-8000 handheld computer. It

features a NSC-800 CMOS microprocessor, 24 KB ROM, 4

KB RAM, one-line LCD screen, optional I/O unit

PHC-8010 allows connection to video monitor and

microcassette recorder and adds 14 KB ROM and 22 KB

RAM. [18.125]

?

Toshiba introduces the Pasopia Mini. It features an

8-bit CMOS microprocessor, 4 KB RAM, 20 KB ROM

including 16 KB BASIC, and a one-line LCD screen.

[18.125]

1983

January

At the Winter CES, Commodore Business Machines

demonstrates the HHC-4 (Hand- Held Computer). It

features 24-character LCD screen with 4 KB RAM

expandable to 16 KB. This was one of Commodore’s

pre-PET business products. Price is US$$199. [38.17]

(month unknown)

Radio Shack introduces the TRS-80 Pocket Computer,

Model PC-4, replacing the PC-1, for US$$70. [20.288]

May

At

the

Japan

Microcomputer

Show,

Casio

shows

the

Casio

FP 200 handheld microcomputer. It features 8-line x

20 character display, 8 KB RAM, 32 KB ROM, for about

US$$300. [45.251]

?

?

?

?

At

the

Japan

Microcomputer

Show,

Canon

shows

the

Canon

X-07 Handy Personal Computer. It features an NSC 800

microprocessor

(Z80

compatible),

20

KB

ROM

with

BASIC,

4-line by 20-character display, just over one pound

weight, for about US$$445. [45.251]

?

At the Japan Microcomputer Show, National shows the

National JR-800, featuring 63A01V processor

(compatible with Motorola 6801), 8-line by

32-character

LCD,

16

KB

RAM,

20

KB

ROM

with

BASIC,

1551

bytes of video RAM, five-octave music, 1 5/8 pounds

weight, 10 1/4 x 5 5/8 x 1 3/8 inches, and runs for

25 hours on batteries. [45.252]

(month unknown)

Texas Instruments introduces

the

Compact Computer 40

(CC-40). It uses the 8-bit TMS 70C20 processor, 6 KB

RAM, 34 KB ROM with BASIC, and 31x1 LCD display. It

runs on four AA batteries, lasting up to 200 hours.

[21.37]

?

?

Radio Shack introduces the PC-3 pocket computer. It

features

24-character

LCD,

1.4

KB

RAM,

4

ounce

weight,

for US$$99.95. [45.7]

?

Sharp introduces the PC-1250 pocket computer, for

US$$110.

It

measures

5

5/16

x

2

1/2

x

3/8

inches.

[45.7]

1984

January

Seiko Instruments U.S.A. Inc. displays the first

wristwatch

computer,

with

a

10-character,

4-line

LCD.

[1]

(month unknown)

Casio unveils the PB-700 handheld computer. It

features

4

KB

RAM

(expandable

to

16

KB),

20x4

character

display,

58

key

keyboard,

BASIC.

Weight

is

4.5

pounds;

price is about US$$200. Optional add-on FA-10 color

printer/plotter costs about US$$250. Optional add-on

CM-1

microcassette

module costs about

US$$90. [71.15]

1989

(month unknown)

?

?

?

Atari Computer introduces the Portfolio, a 1-pound

DOS-based PC. It uses a 4.92 MHz 80C88 processor,

240x64 resolution screen, and runs on three AA

batteries. Price: US$$400. [12.57]

September

Poqet

Computer

ships

the

Poqet

PC

computer,

featuring

512

KB

RAM,

6.8

x

2.7

inch

monochrome

LCD

screen,

80x25

text, 640x200 pixels, 77 keys, 7 MHz Intel 80C88

processor,

640

KB

ROM,

MS

DOS

3.3

and

GW

BASIC

in

ROM,

card slots for ROM or RAM. The system runs for about

100 hours on AA batteries. Weight is 1 pound; price

is about US$$2000. [75.115]

1991

(month unknown)

Apple

Computer

petitions

the

FCC

to

allocate

a

40

MHz

wide band of frequencies for use with its personal

digital assistants. [32.211]

?

?

September

Chips & Technologies introduces the F8680 PC/Chip

microprocessor.

It

is

designed

for

use

in

notebook

and

handheld computers. The CPU is compatible with the

Intel 8086 and Intel 80186. The chip also includes a

universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter,

CGA-compatible

display

controller,

and

PCMCIA

support,

making it the most integrated chip ever produced to

date. Price is US$$45. [19.128]

October

At the Microprocessor Forum, Advanced RISC Machines

presents

the

32-bit

ARM600

processor.

It

incorporates

33,494 transistors. [57.1] [66.134]

(month unknown)

Hewlett-Packard introduces the HP 95LX handheld

computer. It runs MS-DOS 3.2, includes Lotus 1-2-3

v2.2

in

1

MB

of

ROM,

displays

MDA

graphics,

and

weighs

?

?

?

11 ounces. 512 KB RAM is standard, with optional 128

KB and 512 KB RAM cards. Two AA batteries can power

the system for six weeks. Price is US$$699. [39.128]

?

Psion

introduces

the

Psion

Series

3

palmtop

computer.

It features 8 row by 40 column LCD display, 4 MHz NEC

V30 processor, 384 KB ROM with operating system and

seven built-in applications, 128 KB RAM, slot for

Flash

EPROM

memory cards.

It runs for up

to

120

hours

on two AA batteries. Size is 6.5 x 3.3 x 1 inches;

weight is 0.5 pounds; price is US$$425. [73.40]

1992

January 9

At the Winter Consumer Electronics Show, Apple

Computer

chairman

John

Sculley

coins

the

term

Personal

Digital Assistant, referring to handheld computers

that

typically

operate

via

a

stylus

on

a

LCD

display.

Sculley announces that Apple will enter the

consumer- electronics market by the end of the year.

?

[22.67] [33.49] [139.D4]

(month unknown)

Apple Computer and Sharp announce an agreement to

co-develop a personal digital assistant, based on

Apple’s software and Sharp’s hardware. [420.125]

?

?

At the Spring Consumer Electronics Show, Apple

Computer announces the Newton pen input device.

Features include: multitasking NewtOS operating

system, ARM 610 processor, one PCMCIA 2.0 card slot,

7

1/2

x

3

1/2

inch

size,

3

x

6

inch

screen,

and

weight

of under one pound. [66.63] [94.129]

October 14

At the Microprocessor Forum, AT&T Microelectronics

unveils its Hobbit

processor, implementing

the

CRISP

architecture.

Formal

name

of

the

processor

is

ATT92010.

Processor speed is 20-30 MHz, depending on voltage.

Price is US$$35 in quantities of 10,000. [57.1]

?

?

At the Microprocessor Forum, Advanced RISC Machines

introduces the ARM250 chip, combining the core ARM

processor with memory controller, video controller,

and

I/O

interface.

CPU

speed

is

12

to

16

MHz.

The

chip

uses under 100,000 transistors, built in a 1-micron

CMOS process. Price is US$$25 in 100,000 unit

quantities. [57.1]

(month unknown)

Eo announces the Personal Communicator 440 handheld

pen-based microcomputer. It features 20 MHz Hobbit

processor,

4

MB

RAM,

PenPoint

operating

system

in

ROM,

480x640 screen, optional internal 20 MB hard drive,

optional external floppy disk, keyboard port, one

PCMCIA Type II slot, and various built-in software

programs. Weight is 2.2 pounds. Size is about 11 x 8

x

1

inches.

Battery

life

is

about

4

hours.

Pricing

will

start at about US$$2000. [58.1]

?

?

Eo announces the Personal Communicator 880 handheld

pen-based microcomputer. It features 30 MHz Hobbit

processor,

4

MB

RAM,

PenPoint

operating

system

in

ROM,

480x640 backlit screen, optional internal 64 MB hard

drive, VGA output port, SCSI II interface, optional

external floppy disk, keyboard port, two PCMCIA Type

II slots, and various built-in software programs.

Weight is 4 pounds. Size is about 13 x 9 x 1 inches.

battery life is about 4 hours. Pricing will start at

about US$$3000. [58.1]

1993

January

Apple Computer shows off test versions of its Newton

Personal Digital Assistants at the Winter Consumer

Electronics Show. [2]

March

Amstrad begins shipping the Amstrad Pen Pad PDA600

Personal

Digital

Assistant

(PDA)

in

England.

It

is

the

first PDA to be shipped. The Pen Pad weighs under a

?

?

pound, is 1 inch thick, and features a 240x320

resolution 3x4 inch screen. It uses a 20 MHz Zilog

Z8S180 microprocessor, and can run for 40 hours on

three AA batteries. It includes 128 KB RAM, with a

PCMCIA expansion slot for memory expansion to 2 MB.

[23.143]

(month unknown)

Casio introduces the Zoomer personal digital

assistant,

developed

jointly

with Tandy.

It features

7.4

MHz

8086-compatible

processor,

4

MB

ROM,

1

MB

RAM,

GeoWorks Geos operating system, PCMCIA flash memory

cards.

The

system

operates

for

about

100

hours

on

three

AA batteries. Price is US$$900. [59] [81]

August

Apple Computer launches the Newton MessagePad 100

personal digital assistant at Macworld Expo, in

Boston’s

Symphony

Hall.

It

features

640

KB

RAM,

3

MB

of ROM storing applications and the operating system

?

?

(Newton

Intelligence),

a

low-voltage

20

MHz

32-bit

ARM

610 microprocessor, 240x336 resolution (85 dpi) 2.8

x 4-inch LCD screen, one PCMCIA Type II expansion

socket,

data

transfer

of

9600bps,

and

runs

on

four

AAA

batteries. 50,000 units sell in the first 10 weeks,

but only 80,000 are sold during the product’s life.

[2] [3] [9.N7] [16.187] [17.36] [23.148] [26.21]

[27.61] [81] (4 MB of ROM [32.104]) (July [24.159])

September

VLSI

Technology

and

Intel

announce

the

Polar

processor

chip set for handheld computers. The VI86C300

integrated processor controller incorporates a 386

processor

core

with

2

KB

cache,

memory

controller,

LCD

controller, andgraphics accelerator. The VI86C100

multiple peripheral controller includes support for

peripherals

typically

used

in

handheld

systems.

Speed

is

33

MHz.

Price

is

US$$50

in

quantities

of

10,000.

[68]

October

?

?

At the Microprocessor Forum, Advanced RISC Machines

unveils the ARM7 processor family. Features are 0.8

micron

technology,

3-5

volt

operation,

20-33

MHz.

[80]

?

At the Microprocessor Forum, AT&T Microelectronics

announces the Hobbit 92020S processor, compatible

with the 92010 processor. The 92020S doubles the

instruction cache to 6 KB, and operates at 20 MHz.

Price is US$$37 in 10,000 unit quantities. [69]

?

At the Microprocessor Forum, Advanced Micro Devices

announces the Am386SC processor for handheld

computers.

Operating

speed

is

up

to

33

MHz,

operating

at

3.3

Volts.

Price

is

US$$49

in

10,000

unit

quantities.

[69]

December 31

Shipments of handheld PCs for the year: 244,000.

[36.36]

1994

(month unknown)

?

?

Shipments of Apple Computer Newton MessagePad 100

systems in the first five months: 80,000. [14]

March

Apple Computer introduces the Newton MessagePad 110

handheld

computer.

It

features

1

MB

RAM,

20

MHz

ARM610

processor,

and

runs

on

four

AA

batteries.

Remote

data

transfer

rate

is

38.5

Kbps.

Battery

life

is

five

times

that of the Model 100. Price is US$$599. [2] [9.N7]

[17.36] [14]

?

?

Apple Computer introduces an improved Newton

MessagePad 100. It is physically identical to the

previously released model, but contains improved

software. Price is US$$499. [2] [9.N7] [17.36] [14]

(month unknown)

AT&T

closes

subsidiary

Eo,

ending

life

for

the

Hobbit

processor, and the PenPoint operating system. [48]

September

?

?

Palm Computing releases the Graffiti handwriting

recognition software. Price is US$$79. [113.33]

December 31

Shipments of handheld PCs for the year: 390,000.

[36.36]

1995

January

Apple Computer announces the Newton MessagePad 120.

[2] [9.N7]

September

Intel announces the 80486SXSF and GXSF 486

microprocessors, designed for handheld computer

products.

The

GX

has

a

16-bit

bus,

the

SX

a

32-bit

bus.

Both are 33 MHz, operating on 2.0-3.3 volts. [13.3]

[82]

December

?

?

?

?

Apple

Computer

ships

the

Newton

2.0

operating

system.

[9.N7]

December 31

Shipments

of

smart

handheld

devices

in

the

US

for

the

year: 1.5 million. World shipments: 2.4 million.

[53.232] (1.1 million in US [41.28])

1996

January

3Com debuts the Palm Pilot. [40.138] [97.101]

?

?

(month unknown)

Sharp Electronics introduces the Zaurus ZR-5800FX

handheld

computer.

It

features

keyboard

and

fax

modem.

Price is US$$729. [114.113]

June

Apple

Computer

introduces

the

Apple

Newton

MessagePad

130, with transreflective LCD with an

?

?

electroluminescent backlight, battery life about 8

hours

(4

with

backlight

on),

1.2

MB

heap

space,

20

MHz

ARM 610 RISC processor, 320x240 pixel display, one

Type

II

PC

Card

slot,

2.5

MB

internal

RAM,

for

US$$799.

[44.45] [114.113]

(month unknown)

NEC Electronics begins shipping its R4101 processor

for personal digital assistants. The chip includes a

33 MHz 4100 processor core, 2 KB instruction cache,

1 KB data cache, real-time clock, DMA controller,

audio

driver,

and

interfaces

for

serial

port,

keyboard,

infrared, and touch-screen interfaces. [83.5]

September 16

Microsoft unveils Windows CE operating system for

handheld PCs. Code-name of the project was Pegasus.

stands for Consumer Electronics.

[25.32]

[28.4]

[138.36]

?

?

(month unknown)

LG Electronics introduces the LG HPC GP40M handheld

computer.

It

features

a

Hitachi

SH3

processor,

480x240

LCD screen, one Type 2 PC Card slot, 4 MB RAM, 4 MB

ROM with Windows CE, fax modem, IrDA port, keyboard.

Size

is

6.5

x

3.8

x

1.1

inches;

weight

is

0.77

pounds;

price is about US$$650. The systems runs for about 15

hours on two A batteries. [70.135]

?

?

Microsoft ships Windows CE 1.0 for handheld

microcomputers. [54.151] [56.46]

November

Apple Computer

unveils

the

MessagePad 2000

computer.

It features 1 MB DRAM, 5 MB Flash RAM, 2 Type II PC

Card

slots,

backlit

480x320

100

dpi

display,

size

4.7

x 8.3 inches, Newton OS 2.1, 1.4 pound weight, and

161.9

MHz

StrongARM

110

RISC

processor.

It

runs

on

four

AA batteries. [49.45] [61.44]

?

?

Compaq

Computer

ships

the

Compaq

PC

Companion

handheld

computer.

It

features

a

Hitachi

SH3

processor,

480x240

pixel

backlit

LCD,

one

Type

2

PC

Card

slot,

2-6

MB

RAM,

4 MB ROM with Windows CE, IrDA port, keyboard. Size

is 6.8 x 3.6 x 1 inches, weight is 0.89 pounds, price

is

about

US$$500-700.

The

system

runs

on

2

AA

batteries

for up to 20 hours, [29.139] [30.6] [70.135]

?

NEC

Computer

Systems

introduces

the

NEC

MobilePro

400

handheld

computer.

It

features

NEC

VR

4104

processor,

480x240 LCD screen, one 2 PC Card, 4 MB RAM, 70: 8 MB

ROM

with

Windows

CE,

IrDA

port,

keyboard.

Size

is

6.9

x

3.7

x

1

inches;

weight

is

0.85

pounds;

price

is

about

US$$650. [30.6] [70.133]

?

Hitachi Home Electronics ships the Hitachi Handheld

PC, running Windows CE. [30.6]

?

Apple

Computer

unveils

the

eMate

300

mobile

computer.

[90.45]

?

Casio Computer ships the Cassiopeia, a handheld

computer running Windows CE. [30.6]

December 31

?

Worldwide shipments of PalmPilot handheld computers

for the year: about 350,000. [46.9]

?

Shipments

of

handheld

computers

in

the

US

for

the

year:

1.9 million. [53.232] (1.5 million [41.28])

?

Worldwide

handheld

computer

sales:

about

2.4

million.

[46.9] (2.6 million [53.232])

1997

(month unknown)

Hewlett-Packard introduces the HP 300LX handheld

computer. It features 640x240 screen, Windows CE, 2

MB RAM, Type II PC Card slot, stylus, and keyboard.

It is 7.2 inches wide. Price is US$$499. [72.47]

?

?

Hewlett-Packard introduces the HP 320LX handheld

computer. It features 640x240 screen, Windows CE, 4

MB RAM, Type II PC Card slot, stylus, and keyboard.

It is 7.2 inches wide. Price is US$$699. [72.47]

May