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SA
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真题练习
1
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1. The bearded dragon lizard is a
voracious eater, so ______ that it will consume as
many insects as possible.
A.
abstemious
B. cannibalistic
C. slovenly
D. insatiable
E.
unpalatable
2. Because drummer Tony
Williams paved the way for later jazz-fusion
musicians,
he is considered a ______ of
that style.
A. connoisseur
B. revivalist
C. beneficiary
D. disparager
E.
progenitor
3. Some fans feel that
sports events are ______ only when the competitors
are of
equal ability, making the
outcome of the game ______.
A. successful…assured
B. exciting…uncertain
C. dull…foreseen
D.
boring…quest
ionable
E.
interesting…predictable
4.
The politician's speech to the crowd was composed
of nothing but ______, a bitter
railing
against the party's opponents.
A. digressions
B. diatribes
C.
platitudes
D. machinations
E. acclamations
5. Latoya's _____ is shown by her
ability to be ______: she can see her own faults
more
clearly than anyone else can.
A.
perceptiveness…self
-centered
B. objectivity…restrictive
C.
cynicism…self
-destructive
D.
open-
mindedness…complacent
E.
insightfulness…self
-critical
6. Favoring economy of expression in
writing, the professor urged students toward
a ______ rather than an ______ prose
style.
A. spare…ornate
B. terse…opinionated
C. personal…academic
D. baroque…embellished
E.
repetitive…intricate
7.
The
consumer
advocate
claimed
that
while
drug
manufacturers
______
the
supposed
advantages
of
their
proprietary
brands,
generic
versions
of
the
same
medications are often
equally ______.
A.
tout…efficacious
B.
research…innocuous
C.
market…prohibitive
D. laud…counterp
roductive
E.
extract…prescriptive
8.
Alfred Schnittke's musical compositions are
______: phrases are clipped, broken
into sections, and split apart by long
rests.
A. uniform
B. cautious
C. garnished
D. fragmented
E.
improvisational
SECTION 7
The passages below are
followed by questions based on their content;
questions
following a pair of related
passages may also be based on the relationship
between
the paired passages. Answer the
questions on the basis of what is stated or
implied
in the passages and in any
introductory material that may be provided
Questions 9-20
are based on the following passages.
The passages below discuss
the
possibility
of
locating
intelligent
life
on
other
planets.
Passage
1
has
been
adapted from a 1999
book on the history of the universe. Passage 2 was
excerpted
from a 2000 book on the
scientific quest for extraterrestrial life.
Passage 1
Generations of science-fiction movies
have conditioned us to consider bug-eyed
monsters,
large-brained
intellectual
humanoids,
and
other
rather
sophisticated
extraterrestrial Line creatures as
typical examples of life outside Earth. The
reality,
however, is that finding any
kind of life at all, even something as simple as
bacteria,
would be one of the most
exciting discoveries ever made.
The
consensus within the scientific community seems to
be that we eventually will
find not
only life in other parts of
10
the galaxy but also
intelligent and technologically advanced life. I
have to say
that
1
disagree.
While
1
believe
we
will
find
other
forms
of
life
in
other
solar
systems (if not in our own), I also
feel it is extremely unlikely that a large number
of
advanced technological civilizations
are out
15
there, waiting to be discovered. The
most succinct support for my view comes
from
Nobel
laureate
physicist
Enrico
Fermi,
the
man
who
ran
the
first
nuclear
reaction
ever
controlled
by
human
beings.
Confronted
at
a
1950
luncheon
with
scientific arguments
for the ubiquity of
20
technologically
advanced
civilizations,
he
supposedly
said,
where
is
everybody?
This
so-called
Fermi
Paradox
embodies
a
simple
logic.
Human
beings
have had modern science only a few hundred years,
and already we have
moved into space.
It is not
25
hard
to
imagine
that
in
a
few
hundred
more
years
we
will
be
a
starfaring
people,
colonizing other systems. Fermi's argument
maintains that it is extremely
unlikely
that many other civilizations discovered science
at exactly the same time
we did. Had
they acquired science even a thousand
30
years earlier than we. they now
could be so much more advanced that
they
would
already
be
colonizing
our
solar system.
If,
on the
other
hand, they
are a
thousand years behind us, we will
likely arrive at their home planet before they
35
even begin
sending us radio signals. Technological
advances build upon each
other, increasing technological
abilities faster than most people anticipate.
Imagine,
for example, how astounded
even a great seventeenth-century scientist like
Isaac
Newton would be by our current
global
40
communication
system,
were
he
alive
today.
Where
are
those
highly
developed
extraterrestrial
civilizations
so
dear
to
the
hearts
of
science-fiction
writers?
Their
existence
is
far
from
a
foregone
conclusion.
Passage
2
Although
posed
in
the
most
casual
of
circumstances,
45
the
Fermi
Paradox
has
reverberated
through
the
decades
and
has
at
times
threatened
to
destroy
the
credibility
of
those
scientists
seriously
engaged
in
the
Search
for
Extraterrestrial
Intelligence (SET!) research program.
One possible answer to
Fermi's question (
there are
50extraterrestrials, where are
they?
often visited Earth, andcontinue
to do so. This is the answer of those who believe
in
the existence of
unidentified flying objects, or UFO's. But few
scientists, even those
engaged in SET1,
take the UFO claims
55 seriously.
Drake, a well-
known SETI scientist. If one discounts the UFO
claims, yet still believes
that
there
are
many
technological
civilizations
in
the
galaxy,
why
have
they
not
visited us? Drake's
answer
60 is
straightforward:
and
so
hazardous
that
intelligent
civilizations
don't
attempt
it.
And
why
should
they
attempt
it,
when
radio
communication
can
supply
all
the
information
they
might want?
65 At first
glance, Drake's argument seems very persuasive.
The distances between
stars are truly
immense. To get from Earth to the nearest star and
back, traveling at
99
percent
of
the
speed
of
light,
would
take
8
years.
And
SETI
researchers
have
shown that, to accelerate
70 a spacecraft to such a
speed, to bring it to a stop, and to repeat the
process in
the
reverse
direction,
would
take
almost
unimaginable
amounts
of
energy.
Astronomer
Ben
Zuckerman
challenges
Drake's
notion
that
technological
beings
would be satisfied
with
75 radio
communication.
going
to
careabout
is
intelligent
life.
But
what
if
we
have
an
interest
in
simpler
life-forms?
If
you
turn
the
picture
around
and
you
have
some
advanced
extraterrestrials
looking at the Earth, until
80 the last
hundred years there was no evidence of intelligent
life but for billions of
years before
that they could have deduced that this was a very
unusual world and
that
there
were
probably
living
creatures
on
it.
They
would
have
had
billions
of
years
to come investigate.
85 that the reason extraterrestrials
haven't visited us is that so few exist.
9.
Passage
1
suggests
that
the
Fermi
Paradox
depends
most
directly
on
which
assumption?
(A)
Extraterrestrial civilizations may not wish to be
discovered by human beings. ?
(B)
Extraterrestrial
civilizations
would
most
likely
have
discovered
technology
at
about the same time human
beings discovered it.
(C) Extraterrestrial technology would
develop at roughly the same rate as human
technology.
(D)
Extraterrestrial
civilizations
would
inevitably
use
technology
for
aggressive
ends.
(E)
Science
is
a
more
powerful
form
of
human
knowledge
than
are
art
and
literature.
10. Which
statement about the Fermi Paradox is supported by
both passages?
(A)
It
articulates
a
crucial
question
for
those
interested
in
the
existence
of
extraterrestrials.
(B) It clarifies the astronomical
conditions required to sustain life on other
planets.
(C)
It
reveals
the
limitations
of
traditional
ideas
about
the
pace
of
technological
change.
(D)
It
demonstrates
the
scientific
community's
fascination
with
the
concept
of
interstellar travel. (E) It suggests
that advanced extraterrestrial civilizations may
be
uninterested in our culture.
11. In line 17,
(A) fled
(B) accumulated
(C) traversed
(D) managed
(E) incurred
12. In line 57,
(A) demands
(B)
assertions
(C) rights
(D)
territories
(E) compensations
13. The author of Passage 1 mentions
Isaac Newton (lines 37-40) in order to
(A) emphasize the rapid rate of
technological innovation
(B) acknowledge (he impact of a
profound
thinker
(C) criticize the
inflexibility of Newton's contemporaries
(D) speculate about New
ton's influence on current research
(E) highlight the value of scientific
curiosity
14. The claim
made in Passage 1 that a
likely be
interpreted by the author of Passage 2 as
(A) evidence of
compromise in the scientific community
(B) an attack on SETI researchers
(C) support for Fermi's
analysis
(D) a
revelation of an unexpected truth
(E) an oversimplification
of a complex debate
15. The author of
Passage 1 mentions '
(lines 2-4)
primarily to
(A) question the literary value of
science fiction
(B) contrast fictional notions with a
scientific perspective
(C)
offer examples of the human fear of the
unknown
(D) criticize science
fiction for being unduly alarmist
(E) suggest that scientific
research has been influenced by science fiction
16.
In
lines
44-48,
the
author
of
Passage
2
indicates
that
the
Fermi
Paradox
has
been
(A) thoroughly misunderstood
(B) surprisingly
influential
(C)
overwhelmingly perplexing
(D) intermittently popular
(E) frequently misquoted
17.
Both the author of Passage 1 and Ben Zuckerman
(line 73, Passage 2) imply that
researchers seeking life on another
planet should focus on which of the following?
(A)
Seasonal variations in color due to plant life
(B) Evidence of the most
basic forms of life
(C)
Signs of artificially created structures
(D) Signals
that might be radio communications
(E) Changes in geological surface
features
18.
Which
statement
best
describes
a
significant
difference
between
the
two
passages?
(A) Passage 1 analyzes a
literary form, while Passage 2 argues that
literature has
little bearing on
science.
(B)
Passage 1 presents an argument, while Passage 2
surveys current opinion in a
debate.
(C) Passage 1
concludes by rejecting the Fermi Paradox, while
Passage 2 opens by
embracing
it.
(D)
Passage
1
describes
a
phenomenon,
while
Passage
2
details
a
belief system that would
reject such a phenomenon.
(E) Passage I defends a viewpoint,
while Passage 2 questions that viewpoint's place
in scientific research.
19.
In line 63,
(A) complex
interaction
(B)
technological relic
(C)
common occurrence
(D)
practical alternative
(E) dramatic advance
20.
How
would
Frank
Drake
(line
56,
Passage
2)
most
likely
respond
to
the
statement
by
the
author
of
Passage
1
about
humans
other
systems
(line 26)?
(A)
The means to accomplish such a project may be
beyond our reach.
(B) Interstellar colonization is as
morally problematic as was colonization on Earth.
(C)
We
would
do
better
to
study
indigenous
life-forms
rather
than
search
for
extraterrestrial creatures.
(D)
Humans
would
be
wise
to
consider
that
they
themselves
arc
subject
to
colonization.
(E)
Funding
for
such
an
undertaking
would
pose
a
thorny
political
issue
for
any
government.
Questions 21-24
are based on the following passages.
Passage 1
Food
has always been considered one of the most salient
markers of
cultural traditions. When I
was a small child, food was the only thing that
helped
identify my family as Filipino
American. We ate pansit lug-lug (a noodle dish)
and
my father put pads (salty fish
sauce) on everything. However, even this
connection
lessened
as
I
grew
older.
As
my
parents
became
more
acculturated,
we
ate
less
typically
Filipino
food.
When
I
was
twelve,
my
mother
took
cooking
classes
and
learned
to
make
French
and
Italian
dishes.
When
I
was
in
high
school,
we
ate
chicken
marsala
and
shrimp
fradiablo
more
often
than
Filipino
dishes
like
pansitlug-
lug.
Passage
2
JeanAnthelme
Brillat-
Savarin
—
who
in
1825
confidently
announced,
me
what
you
eat,
and
I
will
tell
you
who
you
are
—
would
have
no
trouble
describing cultural identities of the
United States. Our food reveals us as tolerant
adventurers who do not feel constrained
by tradition. We
more readily than we
preserve the culinary rules of our varied
ancestors. Americans
have no single
national cuisine. What unites American eaters
culturally is how we
eat, not what we
eat. As eaters, Americans mingle the culinary
traditions of many
regions and
cultures. We are multiethnic eaters.
21. The two passages differ in their
discussions of food primarily in that Passage 1
(A)
considers
specific
dishes
eaten
by
particular
people,
whereas
Passage
2
comments on a culture's general
attitude toward eating
(B)
contrasts
the
cuisines
of
different
cultures,
whereas
Passage
2
emphasize
culinary practices
common to all cultures
(C)
presents
an
abstract
theory
of
food,
whereas
Passage
2
offers
a
historical
analysis of consumption
(D) emphasizes the role of
nostalgia in food preferences, whereas Passage 2
rejects
that approach as overly
sentimental
(E)
outlines
some
popular
choices
in
cuisine,
whereas
Passage
2
underscores
those that are
more unusual
22. Which of the following
statements best captures the relationship between
the
two
passages?
(A)
Passage
1
notes
problems
for
which
Passage
2
proposes
solutions.
(B)
Passage 1 presents claims that are debunked by
Passage 2.
(C)
Passage 2 furnishes a larger context for the
experiences described in Passage I.
(D) Passage 2 provides an update of the
situation depicted in Passage 1.
(E)
Passage
2
uses
material
presented
in
Passage
1to
correct
a
popular
misconception.
23. Unlike the author of
Passage 2, the author of Passage 1 makes
significant use of
(A)
direct quotation
(B)sociological analysis
(C) hypothetical
assumptions
(D) historical
sources
(E) personal
experience
24. The author of Passage 2
would most likely regard the mother's willingness
to
(A) laughably pretentious
(B) understandably
conservative
(C) typically
American
(D) a
regrettable compromise
(E)
a surprising attitude
SAT
真题
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