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之前总结过英汉翻译宏观上的句法差异主要有
10
点：
1.
英语重结构，汉语重语义。
2.
英语多长句，汉语多短句。
3.
英语多从句，汉语多分句。
4.
英语多静态，汉语多动态。英语多物称，汉语多人称。
5.
英语多被动，汉语多主动
。
6.
英语多变化，汉语多重复。
7.
英语多抽象，汉语多具体。
8.
英语多引申，汉语多推理。
9.
英语多省略，汉语多补充。
10.
英语多前重，汉语多后重。
英语中被动语态
（
< br>1
）为了强调接受动作的人或事物的重要性
?
我国各族人民每年都要热烈庆祝十月一日的国庆节。
?
National
Day
is
enthusiastically
celebrated
on
Oct.
1
by
the
Chinese people of all
nationalities every year.
（
2
）便于上下文的连贯、衔接。
?
他出现在台上，观众给与热烈鼓掌。
?
He appeared on
the stage
and
was
warmly
applauded
by the
audience.
（
3
）为了使措辞得当、语气委婉
?
来宾请出示入场券。
?
Visitors are
requested
to show their tickets.
Assignment 7
Passive vs.
Active
As we have mentioned
in the previous units,
the passive
voice
is extensively
used in
English, while Chinese sentences are
usually
active.
有些含有被动语体的习惯用语需要记忆：
it
is
admitted
that, it is asserted that, it is
believed that, it is claimed
that, it
is felt
that,
it
is
found
out
that
,
it
is
asserted
that,
it
is
noticed
that,
it
is
pointed out that, it is regarded that ,
it is stressed that, it is suggested
that, It is thought that. (
人
们承认，有人主张，有人相信，有人认
为，人们发现，大家知道，人们注意到，有人指出
，人们认为，
有人会说，有人强调，有人建议，有人认为，人们曾说．
< br>．
．
)
Exercise:
英语多被动（正式文体的要求）
，汉语多主动。
1.
他准备给我一份工作
，这
使
我大吃一惊。
I was surprised that he is
ready to give me a job.
2.
很
抱歉，因为雨太大，参观博物馆得
推迟
到明天了。
?
I
’
m sorry to say
the visit to the museum has to be put off
till tomorrow because of the heavy rain
3.
采取
一国两制适合中国国情
,
并非权宜之计。
One
country, two systems which is taken is
suitable for China's
national conditions, not shake-up.
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