乾隆皇帝 英文版

The

Qianlong

emperor

aisin-giorro

hongli

in

qing

(1711-1799)

dynasty,

was

the

fourth

son

of

Yongzheng,

the

fourth

emperor

after

the

qing

dynasty

governed

China. He had put the qing dynasty to its

peak, however, at the same time, also had

brought

it

to

the

bottom,

he

played

an

important

role

in

the

process

of

China

in

the 18th century .

Hong li was the fourth child of Yongzheng

emperor,

and

was

born

in

Kangxi

fifty

years (in 1711) in yongqin place of prince.

Hongli become the emperor in yongzheng

13

years(1735),and

changed

reign

title

into Qianlong.

Hong

li

was

talented

in

youth,

and

perfered

by

KangXi.

Kangxi

emperor

had

ever chosen the best teacher for him, and

a lot of education was also given to him. In

the first year of yongzheng (1723), hongli

was made prince secretly, and after eleven

years he had a chance to be the prince of

the

shuobao

prince,

and

started

to

participate in the military and priority.

yongzheng

emperor

died

in

Yongzheng

thirteen years (1735), and hong li took the

place

of

his

father

becoming

the

new

emperor

of

China.

At

the

that

time

,

he

was

standing

at

the

highest

point

of

the

Chinese

society,

so

he

began

to

cast

his

great ambitions.

Qianlong

corrected

the

shortcomings

of

the

strict

management

his

grandfather

used in political , and the loose and strict

politics

were

both

put

into

use,

what

’

s

more, he had cleaned up the government,

atandardized system of various laws.

When

it

comes

to

political,

there

are

the

following things.

First

of

all,

he

attaches

great

importance

to

the

official

selection,

he

stressed

that

officials

should

be

young,

and

over

the

age

of

55

officials

should

be

identified

carefully,

and

officials

over

the

age

of

sixty-five should be led to see him, and be

decided

by

himself

whether

the

officials

dad

the

ability

to

continue

to

work.

He

divided

incompetent

officials

into

several

categories:

old

age,

illness,

impetuous,

wit- less, weakness, greed, and so on, and

gave different treatment towards them. To

the

contrast,

scholars

were

given

special

treatment.

And

people

who

were

punished

at

yongzheng

period

were

placated. In economic, Qianlong rewarded

land

reclamation,

and

built

water

conservancy

project.

At

that

time

the

whole

country

display

a

prosperous

scene .

In

qianlong

period,

the

dropped

or

disposed officials amounted to more than

sixty

thousand

people

because

of

the

unqualified appraisal.

Second, qianlong also banned that others

t pay tribute to him-- in the

mid-term he

banned

the

provincial

official

pay

tribute

to

him.

The

third,

he

paid

attention

to

merit

of

professional

performence,

in

order to clean up the bureaucracy, hong li

use examines of

and strictly to exam officials, Including the

officials

that

were

not

assessed

in

the

past.

He also order someone to tell him wether

officials was good secretly.

At

the

same

time,

he

also

paid

attention

to

solve

the

problems

officials

and

their

families

had.

He

increase

the

officers

’

compensation, and gave special money to

the official who was sent out, which made

the

official

outside

had

an

opposite

attitude towards his job. .

Fifth, he punished the corrupt officials. It

’

s

a pity that both of these were taken place

only

in

early

to

mid- period

in

Qianlong

which was the most dynamic and blessed

by the posterity when the Qianlong was in

power.

And

in

the

late

period,

bad

policy