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Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Aviation
Aeronautics is the study of the science
of flight.
Aerodynamics
The study of how air flows around the
airplane.
Air
Air
is a physical substance which has weight and is
made up of molecules which are
constantly moving. Moving air has a
force that will lift kites and balloons up and
down.
Air is a mixture of different
gases; oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
Airfoils
The
wings of a plane.
Ailerons
They are hinged on the wings and move
downward to push the air down and make the
wing tilt up.
Combustor
In the
combustor the air is mixed with fuel and then
ignited. This process results in
high
temperature, high-energy airflow. The fuel burns
with the oxygen in the
compressed air,
producing hot expanding gases.
Compressor
The
compressor is the first component in the engine
core. It is made up of fans with
many
blades and it is attached to the shaft. The
compressor squeezes the air and
creates
an increase in the air pressure. The squashed air
is forced into the combustion
chamber.
Drag
Resistance
that slows an object down in the air. Items that
are streamlined have less
drag in air.
Elevators
are
found at the rear of the plane. They can be raised
or lowered to change the
direction of
the plane's nose. The plane will go up or down
depending on the direction
of that the
elevators are moved.
Fan
The fan is the first component of the
turbofan engine. The large spinning fan sucks in
large quantities of air. The blades of
the fan pull the air into the engine.
Fin
is the
vertical part of the tail
Flaps
The flaps
slide back and down to increase the surface of the
wing area.
Fuselage
The body of the plane
Gas
Turbine
Another term for
engine.
Gravity
a
force that pushes objects come down to the earth.
Hypersonic
This
is the speed of flight that is used by rockets in
outer space. Rockets can travel 5
to 10
times faster than the speed of sound. That means
the speed is 3500 - 7500
MPH. An
example of this speed is the Space Shuttle.
Landing Gear
The
wheels of a plane.
Laws of
Motion
- Sir Isaac Newton proposed
three laws of motion.
1.
If
an object is not moving, it will not start moving
by itself. If an object is
moving, it
will not stop or change direction unless something
pushes it.
2.
Objects will
move farther and faster when they are pushed
harder.
3.
When an object is
pushed in one direction, there is always a
resistance of the
same size in the
opposite direction.
Lift
A force that pushes objects upward.
Mach 1
760 MPH.
When a plane travels faster than this speed it is
breaking the sound barrier.