-
语法填空
A
【
2018
·全国
I
】
According to a review
of evidence in a medical journal, runners live
three
years ___1___(long) than non-
runners. You don't have to run fast or for
long___2__ _(see)the
benefit. You may
drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your
risk of ___3___ (die) early
by
running.
While
running
regularly
cann't
make
you
live
forever,
the
review
says
it
___4___
(be)
more
effective at lengthening life___5___ walking,
cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of
the review also made a study published
in 2014___6___showed a mere five to 10 minutes a
day of
running reduced the risk of
heart disease and early deaths from all
___7___(cause).
The best exercise is
one that you enjoy and wil
l do. But
otherwise…
it's probably running.
To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft
surfaces, do exercises to___8___(strength)your leg
muscles(
肌
肉
),avoid
hills
and
get
good
running
shoes.
Running
is
cheap,
easy
and
it's
always___9___(energy).If you are time
poor, you need run for only half the time to get
the same
benefits as other sports, so
perhaps we should all give___10___a
try.
【答案】
1.
longer 2. to see 3. dying 4. is
5. than
6. that /which 7. causes
8. strengthen 9. energetic 10. it
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿。
1.
考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：
经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活
3
年。根据
than
可知用比较级，故
填
lo
nger
。
2.
考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑得太快或者时间太长就为了看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，
故填
to see
。
3.
考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然可以通过跑
步减少早亡的风险。此处
of
是介词，其后用
< br>动名词。故填
dying
。
4.
考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游
泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事
实，故用一般现在时。故填
is
。
5.
考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的
more effective
可知此
处填
than
。
6.
考查定语从句的关系词。此处
a study
< br>是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填
that
或
which
。
7
.
考查名词复数。一项研究表明，仅仅用每天
5
到
10
分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡
。根
据句意用复数形式。故填
causes
。
8.
考查词性变化。
通过锻炼增强你腿上的肌肉。
此处
to
是不定式符号，
其后用动词原形。
故填
strengthen
。
9.
考查词性变化。
跑步总是让人充满活力的。
根据
it’s
可知，
系动
词后用形容词作表语。
故填
energetic
。
10.
考查代词。我们都
应该试试跑步。此处
give it a try
意为：试试。
此处
it
可以指
running
。故填
it
。
B
【2018·全国
III
】
I'm not sure _____11_____ is more
frightened, me or the female
gorilla(
大
猩猩）
that
suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a
path in the forest in the Central
African
Republic.
Unexpectedly,
I'm
face-to-face
with
the
gorilla,
who
begins
screaming at
____12____ top of her lungs. That makes
her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male
appears. He
screams
the___13__(loud)of
all.
The
noise
shakes
the
trees
as
the
male
beats
his
chest
and
charges
toward me. I quickly
lower myself, ducking my head to avoid
____14___(look) directly into his
eyes
so he doesn't feel____15____(challenge).
My
name
is
Mireya
Mayor.
I'm
a
___16___(science)who
studies
animals
such
as
apes
and
monkeys.
I
was
searching
___17___
these
three
western
lowland
gorillas
I'd
been
observing.
No
one
had
seen
them for
hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When
the
gorillas
and
I
frightened
each
other,
I
was
just
glad
to
find
____18____(they)
alive.
True to a gorilla's unaggressive
nature, the
huge animal
____19____(mean)me no
real
harm. He was
just
saying:
king
of
this
forest,
and
here
is
your
reminder!
Once
his
message
was
delivered,
he allowed me
____20____ (stay)and watch.
【答案】
11. which
12. the 13. loudest
14. looking 15. challenged
19. meant
20. to
16. scientist
17. for
18. them
stay
【解析】
本文为记叙文。文
章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。
11
.
考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更让人害怕，是我还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。
此处为宾语
从句，空格处表示选择，所以用
which
。
12.
考查冠词。此处为固定短语
at
the top of
，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。
13.
考查最高级。根据后面的
of
all
可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级
loudest
。
14.
考查非
谓语动词。动词
avoid
后要加
do
ing
。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用
looking
。
15.
考查
非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战。
feel
为系动词，
表示“被挑战”，用过去分词
c
hallenged
。
16.
考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。
scientist<
/p>
科学家。
17.
考查介词。
search
for
是固定搭配，表示“寻找”
，表示<
/p>
“我在寻找我研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。
”
18.
考查代词。此处作
fin
d
的宾语，所以用宾格
them
。
19.
考查谓语动词。
< br>分析本句的句子成分可知，
本句缺少谓语，
再根据总体时
态可知要用一般过去时态，
所以用
meant
< br>。
20.
考查非谓语动词。固
定短语
allow sb to
do
允许某人做某事，应该用
to
stay
。
模
拟
精
做
A
【
福
建
省
莆
田
第
九
中
学
2019
届
高
三
上
学
期
第
一
次
调
研
】
Martin
Strel
swims
with
a
knife
_____1_____ (fasten)
to his right leg
—
in case he
meets sharks and other ___2___ (dead) sea
life in the world’s wildest
waters. ___3___
61-year-old marathon
swimmer has announced the
_____4_____
(tough) challenge of his life: a 10,000-mile-
around-the-world journey on water
______5______ (draw) public attention
to the increasing water ___6___ (pollute). He
aims to
circle
the
globe
in
about
450
days,
passing
through
oceans,
rivers,_____7_____ (canal)
and
other
bodies
of water in more than 100 countries. He will swim
about 5 to 12 hours each day, depending
on the weather. A boat will go
_____8_____ him and offer emergency support and
space for small
breaks.
Since 2000, Strel ______9______ (swim)
the entire length of five rivers in China,
America,
etc.
Strel
will
not
be
alone
in
the
water.
He
says
he
welcomes
____10____
is
interested
in
joining
him for parts of the
route.
【答案】
1.
fastened 2. deadly 3. The
4. toughest 5. to draw
6. pollution 7. canals 8.
with/behind 9. has swum
10.
whoever
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述
Martin Strel
在世界上最狂野的水域游泳的情况。这位<
/p>
61
岁的马
拉松游泳运动员宣布了他一生
中最艰巨的挑战：一场万英里的环球之旅，以引起公众对日益严重的水污染
的关注。
1.
考查过去分词。此处是
with
的独立主格结构，
with+
名词
/
代词
+
过去分词，
a knife
和
fasten
之间是被
动关系，
wi
th
结构做伴随状语，故答案为
fastened
。
2.
考查形容词。句意：
Martin
Strel
游泳时把一把刀系在他的右腿上——以防他在世界上最狂野的水域遇
到鲨鱼和其他致命的海洋生物。形容词修饰名词，deadly“致命的”，结合句意可知答案为
deadly
。
3.
考查冠词。此处表示特指，故答案为
The
。
4.
考查最高级。句
意：这位
61
岁的马拉松游泳运动员宣布了他一生中最艰巨的挑
战。结合句意可知此处用
最高级，故答案为
toughest<
/p>
。
5.
考查动
词不定式做目的状语。句意：一场万英里的环球之旅，以引起公众对日益严重的水污染的关注。
< br>此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故答案为
to
draw
。
6.
考查不可数名词。此处表示“水污染”。且
pollution
是不可数名词，故答案为
pollution
。
7.
考查名词复数。句意：他的目标是在大约<
/p>
450
天内环游地球，在
100
多个国家通过海洋、河流、运河和
其他水体。结合句意可知此处用名词复
数，故答案为
canals
。
8.
考查介词。
句意：
一艘船将与他一起，
提供紧急支援和小休息的空间。
结合句意
可知答案为
with/behind
。
9.
考查现在完成时态。句意：自
20
00
年以来，
Strel
已经在中国、
美国等地的
5
条河流中畅游了。此处
s
ince“自从……以来”，所以句子用现在完成时态，主语是
Strel
，单数第三人称，故答案为
has
swum
。
10.
< br>考查宾语从句。句意：他说，他欢迎任何有兴趣加入他的人来参加部分路线。宾语从句缺少引导词，从
句缺少主语，结合句意可知此处是
whoever“无论谁”引导的
宾语从句。
B
【南开中学
2018-2019
学
年上学期高三第一次月考】
One
night
four
college
kids____11____(stay)
out
late, partying and having a good time. They paid
no mind___12___the test they had scheduled
for
the
next
day
and
didn't
study.
In
the
morning,
they
hatched
a
plan
to
get
out
of____13____(take)
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