大学英语专业翻译练习题汇编

汉译英翻译训练

1.

翻译的定义

翻译是指把一种语言文字 的意义转换

成另一种语言文字。简言之，翻译是一种用

不同的语 言文字将原文作者的意思准确地

再现出来的艺术。从以上翻译定义我们知

道，原文的思想必须尽可能得到保持，不可

有所增删。

译者的任务只是转换文字而不是

改变其意思。因此，翻译有两种要素：准确

性与表达性。准确性是翻译的首要条件。译

者必须谨慎地遵循原作者的意思，

所选用的

字词和句式结构必须如实地传达出原文的

思想。表达性是让译文易于理解。换言之，

译者必须用自己的手段尽可能地将 原文的

思想清楚而有力地表达出来。

准确性使译出

的思想明确无误，而表达性则使译文生动，

具有魅力。

焦点问题：词语的选择

1

参考译文：

Definition of Translation

Translation means the conversion of an

expression from one language into another.

To

say

it

plainly,

translation

is

an

art

to

reproduce

the

exact

idea

of

the

author

by

means

of

a

language

different

from

the

original.

From

the

above

definition

of

translation

we

know

that

the

original

thought

of

the

expression

must

be

kept

as

far as possible. Nothing should be added to

or taken away from the original work. The

duty

of

the

translator

is

simply

to

change

the

vocabulary,

not

the

thought.

In

translation therefore, there are two essential

elements:

accuracy

and

expressiveness.

Accuracy

is

the

first

indispensable

quality

of

translation.

The

translator

must

cautiously stick to the author

’

s idea. Words

selected and sentences constructed

must be

such as to convey the exact original thought.

Expressiveness

is

to

make

the

translation

2

readily

understood.

In

other

words,

the

translator must express the author

’

s idea as

clearly

and

as

forcibly

as

he

can

by

the

medium

he

employs.

Accuracy

is

to

make

the

thought

definite

and

exact;

while

expressiveness

is

to

make

the

translation

vivid and attractive.

3

2.

文化的交流

当今的世界，既非丝绸之路时代，亦非

马可

.

波罗时代。

从上海去东京，

只需两个多

小时，相当于从北京到杭州的时间。从中国

去地球另一端的美国，

也能在日历上的头一

天到达。昔日遥远的地理距离，被现代科学

技术一下缩短到令人难以置信的程度。

这是

人类文明 进步的共同成果。

不论是中国的还

是外国的历史一再证明：文化 需要交流。只

有交流，才能相互学习，相互了解；只有交

流，< /p>

才能共同去促进人类智慧向着一座又一

座的高峰发展，并共同享用 其成果。

焦点问题

1.

主语的选择

2

．专有名词的翻译

4

Cultural exchange

The world today is no longer the world

of times of the Silk Road or Marco Polo. It

takes only a little over two hours to fly from

Shanghai

to

Tokyo,

just

as

much

time

to

reach Hangzhou from Beijing. From China

we

can

reach

America

on

the

other

side

of

the

ocean

on

the

same

calender

day.

With

the

development

of

science

and

technology

great distances in the past have been made

unbelievably short. This is the achievement

of

the

progress

of

human

civilization.

The

historical

experiences

of

both

China

and

other countries have once again proved that

culture

needs

exchanging.

Through

exchange only can we learn from each other

and

come

to

know

each

other

better.

Through

exchange

only

can

we

give

full

play

to

human

wisdom

and

enjoy

the

common fruits of civilization.

5

3

．白

蛇

传

脍炙人口的传统京剧《白蛇传》讲的是

传自明朝的故事。

白蛇精与青蛇精化作美女来到人间。

白

蛇精与一位书生相爱并生一子。

禅师法海认

为他 们的结合违反传统婚姻

,

伤风败俗

,

他

气急败坏。

于是他派神兵神将前来捉 拿白蛇

精

,

并把她镇压在一座塔下面。

后来

,

青蛇精

在深山中修炼

,

习武多年

,

终于砸烂了那座

塔

,

救出白蛇精。至此

,

白蛇精与丈夫、儿

子又得团聚。

在

《白》

剧中，

蛇被赋予了崇高的 人性。

焦点问题：文化负载词语的翻译

6

The White Snake

The

White

Snake,

one

of

the

most

popular traditional Beijing operas, is based

on a story handed down from Ming Dynasty

1368-1644.

White

Snake

Spirit

and

Green

Snake

Spirit

metamorphosed

themselves

into

two

beautiful

girls

and

ventured

into

the

human

world.

White

Snake

fell

in

love

with a young scholar and gave birth to a son.

Fahai,

a

Buddhist

monk,

regarded

their

union

as

a

violation

of

the

conventions

regarding marriage as an example of moral

degeneration.

Much

enraged,

he

sent

officers

and

soldiers

from

the

heaven,

who

captured

White

Snake,

and

using

magical

powers

he

himself

incarcerated

her

underneath

a

pagoda.

For

many

years

afterwards, Green Snake hid herself in deep

mountains

and

gave

herself

rigorous

spiritual

and

martial

arts

training.

In

the

end

she

succeeded

in

toppling

the

pagoda

and rescued her mistress. Now White Snake

7

was reunited with her husband and son.

The snake in the opera is endowed with

the noble character of human nature .

8

4.

乡间风俗

大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平

等。所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深

地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直

以不变的生活方式生活着。 种植庄稼和葡

萄，

酿酒和饮酒，

喂牛和 挤奶，

锄草和栽花；

在周末去教堂祈祷，做礼拜；在节日到广场

拉琴、跳舞、唱歌；往日的田园依旧是今日

的温馨家园。这样， 每个地方都有自己的传

说，风俗也就衍传了下来。

焦点问题：谓语的选择

9

译文

1.

Nature

endows

all

people

with

her

bounty on an equal basis, whether they are

rich or poor. Therefore, all people alike are

dependent

on

Nature

equally

profoundly.

This

is

particularly

true

of

rural

people,

who

have

lived

an

unchanged

life

for

thousands

of

years

in

the

country.

They

grow crops and grapes; they make wine and

brew beer and drink them; they raise cattle

and

milk

cows;

they

weed

gardens

and

plant

flowers.

At

weekends,

they

go

to

church

to

say

their

prayers

or

conduct

religious

services.

During

holidays,

they

go

to

open

squares,

where

they

play

musical

instruments, dance to music and sing songs.

Fields

and

gardens

in

the

past

continue

to

be

their

sweet

homeland.

Thus,

each

place

has

had

its

own

legends

and

developed

its

own

customs,

which

pass

down

from

generation to generation.

10

译文

2.

The

bounty

of

nature

is

equal

to

everyone,

rich

or

poor,

and

therefore

all

men

are

strongly

attached

to

her.

This

is

particularly

true

in

the

rural

areas,

where

people

have

kept

the

same

lifestyle

for

a

millennium

or

so.

They

plant

crops

and

grapevines,

brew

wine

to

drink,

feed

cows

to

milk,

and

weed

the

gardens

to

grow

flowers.

They

go

to

church

at

weekends,

and

they

meet

in

the

square

on

holidays,

playing the violin, singing and dancing. The

age- old

land

remains

the

same

as

their

family hearth. Each place boasts its folklore

and thereby social customs go down.

11

5.

在人 际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主

义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首

先看到的都是她或他的优点。

这一点颇像是

在餐馆用 餐的经验。

开始吃头盘或冷碟的时

候，印象很好。吃头两个主菜 时，也是赞不

绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿宴席，

缺点就 都找出来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美

为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第