图表描述-第二讲

图表描述

第二讲

1.3

饼状图

1.3.1

一个饼

例题

1

The pie chart below shows the average weekly expenditure per family in Britain (1996).

最多三项，最少三项，分别占？，加起来占？。

或者把饼块分类，分别介绍不同的饼块。

It is not surprising that the most expensive (adj.) component is A, which accounts for m% of all x.

B

is the next largest expenditure (n.), n% lower than A of all x and followed closely by C.

The above

three items of ? take up about o% of the x.

By contrast, D, E and F make up the smallest percentage of total x, which are p%, q% and r%,

respectively.

1.3.2

两个饼

基 本思路是：每个饼块在两个饼中排名第？，占？

%

。但如果一个 一个说，就会是流水帐。所以饼块要分类，分类

的方法是：从左饼到右饼，上升的是一类 ，下降的是一类，保持不变的是一类。要写清楚变化的含义。在每一段中，

再具体描写每 个饼块，突出这些饼块的特点。

如 果饼状图除了交代百分比以外，还有数量，请在首段描述完四要素以后，把两个饼的数量比较一下。

例题

1

The pie charts below show the area and current population of the seven continents as a percentage of

the total. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

1

The pie charts show the seven continents of the world and the percentage of the total land mass of the

globe that they occupy together

with the percentage of the world’s population they are home to.

The densely populated continents are Asia and Europe, both having about twice the population that

could be expected were the global population evenly distributed over the global land mass. Asia is the

largest continent in terms of both area (30%) and population (61%). Europe (with 7% of the area and

12% of the population) is the second smallest continent, yet has a population almost as high as that

of Africa, a continent which is three larger in area.

Africa and the Americas are relatively sparsely populated continents. North America (16% of the area

and 8% of the population) and South America (12% of the area and 5.5% of the population) have

population

equal

to

about

half

of

what

could

be

expected

if

the

global

population

were

evenly

distributed, whilst Africa’s population is about a third lower than would be expected in such a situation

(20% of the area and 13% of the population).

The smallest continent, Oceania (with 6% o the area and 0.5% of the population), is very sparsely

populated, whilst Antarctica has no permanent population despite covering 9% of the global land

mass.

The

chart

clearly

demonstrates

that

the

people

of

the

world

are

unevenly

distributed

across

the

continents.

例题

2

The pie charts show the amount of oil production and consumption measured in million barrels per day

(MB/D)

in

seven

regions

in the

year

2001. Write

a report

for

a

university

lecturer

describing

the

information shown below.

2

The

pie

charts

show

the

world

divided

into

seven

regions

and

the

amount

of

oil

produced

and

consumed in those regions in MB/D in 2001. In total, the amount of oil consumed exceeded that

produced by 0.8MB/D. The regions can be divided into two groups

—

one where production outpaces

consumption and the other where the reverse is the case.

The former group

—

the net producers- consists of Africa, the Former Soviet Union, the Middle East, and

Latin America. The Middle East is by far the largest producer (22.2 MB/D), but its consumption is

relatively low (4.3 MB/D)

–

just a fifth of what it produces. Africa produces 7.8 MB/D, about three

times what it consumes (2.5MB/D), the Former Soviet Union about 250% more, and Latin America

about 150% more.

The other group

—

the net consumers

–

consists of the Asia Pacific region, Europe, and the USA and

Canada. The USA and Canada is the region which consumes the most oil (23.4 MB/D), though we can

see that it is also the second largest producer region (14 MB/D). The Asia Pacific region is the second

largest consumer (20.9 MB/D). Europe is the third largest consumer (16.1 MB/D) and the smallest

producer (6.8 MB/D).

From the information above, we can see that oil production and consumption are not even around the

world.

1.3.3

练习题（同第一讲）

1.4

柱状图

把 相同属性的柱子顶端连起来，如果其横坐标是数字轴或时间轴，那么按曲线图的方法描述；否则则按饼状图的方< /p>

法描述。

1.4.1

一个柱状图

例题

1

The bar chart shows the sales figures and profits of ABC Electronics in millions of US dollars over the

period 1991 to 2000. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

3

From the bar chart, we can see the sales and profits of ABC Electronics from 1991 to 2000.

The sales show a slight rise form 99 million USD to 112 million USD over the first 4 years. Profits,

however

, remain stable at 8-9 million USD per year

. Then, in 1995, sales and profits jump to 135

million USD and 12 million USD respectively. Curiously, in 1996, sales drop by a million USD, but

profits increase by 3 million USD. The following year

, sales rise considerably, to 149 million USD, but

profits increase only slightly, to 16 million USD. In 1998 and 1999, sales increase to 152 and 158

million USD, but profits actually fall noticeably to 11 million USD each year

. The year 2000 sees profits

drop slightly to 154 million, but profits rise a little to 12 million USD.

Overall, we can see that sales show an upward trend. Profits, on the other hand, fluctuate until 1993,

then increase until 1997, before droping sharply and remaining relatively stable.

例题

2

The

graph

below

shows

the

different

modes

of

transport

used

to

travel

to

and

from

work

in

one

European city, in 1950, 1970 and 1990.

The bar chart indicates the percentage of travelers using different modes of transport among total

travelers in one European city in 1950, 1970 and 1990.

There were many significant changes in

modes of transport used by city dwellers from 1950 to 1990.

The following paragraphs will identify

and discuss the trends in the accompanying graph.

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