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英语短语总结

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-24 15:53
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2021年2月24日发(作者:叫)


[


短语、词组归纳


]



由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理:


< /p>


一、动词


+


介词



1



look at

< br>…





look like




看上去 像


……



look after



照料




2



listen to




……



3



welcome to

< p>


欢迎到


……



4



say hello to




……


问好



5



speak to




……


说话



此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词, 都要放在介词之后。



二、动词


+< /p>


副词




动词


+


副词



所构 成的短语义分为两类:



A


.动词(


vt.



+


副 词



1



put on


穿上


2



take off


脱下


3



write down


记下



此类短语可以带宾语 ,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。


< /p>


B


.动词(


vi



+


副词。



1



come on


赶快


2



get up


起床


3



go home


回家



4



come in


进来


5



sit down


坐下


6



stand up


起立



此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。



三、其它类动词词组



the door 2.1ook the same to work/class


ill a look/seat supper


7.1ook young shopping TV/games


10. play games


[


介词短语聚焦


]




介词


+


名词


/


代词



所构 成的短语称为介词短语。现将


Unitsl-16


常用的介词短 语按用法进行归类。



1



in+


语言


/


颜色


/


衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着


……< /p>




2



in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade


等,表示




……



/



/


班级


/


年级



等。



3



in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/


表示


< p>
在上午


/


下午


/


傍晚



等一段时间。



4



in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom


等表示


< p>
在书桌


/


铅笔盒


/


卧室里





5



in the tree


表示



在树上


(


非树本身所有


)




on the tree


表示



在树上


(


为树本身所有

)





6



in the wall


表示



在墙上(凹陷进去)



on the wall


表示



在墙上(指墙的表面)


< p>



7



at work


(在工作)


/at school


(上学)


/at home


(在家)应注意此类短语中无


the




8



at +


时刻表示钟点。



9



like this/that< /p>


表示方式,意为



……



/


那样




10


of


短语表示所属关系。



11



behind/ beside/ near/ under+


名词等,表示方位、处所。



12< /p>



from



t o


多表示方向,前者意为




……”


,后者意为




……”




另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:


on


duty,


after


breakfast,


at


night,


at


the


door,


in


the


middle,


in the sky, on one



s bike


等。



[


重点句型大回放


]



1



I < /p>


think



意为



我认为


……”


,是对某人或某事的 看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用


I


don



t


think





2



give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth.


意为




……



……”

< p>
,动词


give


之后可接双宾语,可用这两种句型 ;


若指物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用


give it/ them to sb.


3



take sb./ sth. to



意为




……


(



)


带到


……”


,后常接地点,也可接人。



...


4



One



, the other



/One is



and one is



意为



一个是


……< /p>


;另一个是


……”


,必须是两者中。



5



Let sb. do sth.


意为



让某 人做某事



,人后应用不带


to


的动词不定式,其否定式为


Don



t let sb



do sth.


,或


Let sb. not do sth.


另外,


Let



s



Let us


的含义不完全相同,前 者包括听者在内,后者


不包括听者在内,



6



help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.


意为



帮助某人做某事



,前者用不定式作 宾补,后者用介


词短语作宾补,二者可以互换


.


7



What


about




/How


about



?意为


“ ……


怎么样?



是用来询问或征求对方 的观点、意见、看法等。


about


为介词,其后须接名词、代 词或


V-ing


等形式。



8



It


< p>
s time to do



/ It



s time for sth.

意为



该做


……

< br>的时间了



,其中


to


后须接原形动词,


for


可接名词或


V-ing


形式。



9



like to do sth./like doing sth.


意为


< p>
喜欢做某事





前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种


句型侧重习惯性的动作,



10



ask sb.(not) to do sth.


意为



让某人


(


不要


)


做某 事



,其中


ask sb.


后应接动词不定式,



11



show sb. sth. / show sth. to do.


意为



把某物给某人看



,该句型的用法同前面第


2


点。



12



introduce sb. to sb.


意为



把某人介绍给另 一人




introduce to sb.


则是



向某人作介绍

< p>




[


重点短语快速复习


]


of


各种各样的



2. either



or

< p>


或者


……


或者


……


,不是


……


就是< /p>


……



3. neither



nor



既不


……


也不


……



4. Chinese tea without, anything in it


中国清茶



5. take a seat


就坐



6. home cooking


家常做法



7. be famous for



……


而著名



8. on ones way to



……


途中



9. be sick/ill in hospital


生病住院



10. at the end of



……


的尽头,在


……


的末尾



11. wait for


等待



12. in time


及时



13. make one



s way to




……


(艰难地)走去



14. just then


正在那时



15. first of all


首先,第一



16. go wrong


走错路



17. be/get lost


迷路



18. make a noise


吵闹,喧哗



19. get on


上车



20. get off


下车



21. stand in line


站队



22. waiting room


候诊室,候车室



23. at the head of


……

< br>在


……


的前头



24. laugh at


嘲笑



25. throw about


乱丢,抛散



26. in fact


实际上



27. at midnight


在半夜



28. have a good time=enjoy oneself


玩得愉快



...


29. quarrel with sb.


和某人吵架



30. take one



s temperature


给某人体温



31. have/get a pain in



某处疼痛



32. have a headache


头痛



33. as soon as





… …



……



34. feel like doing sth.


想要干某事



35. stop



from doing sth.


阻止


……


干某事



36. fall asleep


入睡



37. again and again


再三地,反复地



38. wake up


醒来,叫醒



39. instead of


代替



40. look over


检查



41. take exercise


运动



42. had better(not) do sth.


最好(不要)干某事



43. at the weekend


在周末



44. on time


按时



45. out of



……


向外



46. all by oneself


独立,单独



47. lots of=a lot of


许多



48. no longer/more=not



any longer/more


不再



49. get back


回来,取回



50. sooner or later


迟早



51. run away


逃跑



52. eat up


吃光,吃完



53. run after


追赶



54. take sth. with sb.


某人随身带着某物



55. take(good) care of



=look after



(well)


(好好)照顾,照料



56. think of


考虑到,想起



57. keep a diary


坚持写日记



58. leave one by oneself


把某人单独留下



59. harder and harder


越来越厉害



60. turn on


打开(电灯、收音机、煤气等)



61. turn off







短语总结



1.



It



s time for sth.


该到做某事的时间了


.


It



s time to do sth.(It



s time for sb. to do sth)


该到


(


某人


)


做某事的时间了


.


2. can



t wait to do sth.


迫不及待地要求做某事


.


3. ask (tell)sb. (not )to do sth .



(


告诉


)


某人


(



)


做某事


.


4. make/let sb. to do sth.


让某人做某事


.


5. hear/see/sb. do sth


听见


/

< p>
看见某人做某事


.


...


6. had better(not )do sth


最好不做某事


.


7. It



s better to do sth


最好做某事



8. It



s best to do sth


最好做某事



9. enjoy


喜欢做某事



10. finish


结束做某事



11. keep


继续做某事



12. keep on doing sth.


继续做某事



13. carry on


继续做某事



14. go on


继续做某事



15. feel like


喜欢做某事



16. stop to do sth



stop doing sth


停下来去做某事


(



)


停止做某事


.


17. forget/remember to do



forget/remember doing sth.


忘记


/


记得去做某事

< br>(



)


忘记

< br>/


记得曾


经做过事


.


18. keep(precent,stop)sb. from doing st h


阻止


/


防止


/


阻栏栽人做某事



19. prefer



.to


……


喜欢



..


胜过


……



20. prefer to do sth. rather than do ath.


宁愿做某事


,


而不原做某事


.


21. used to do sth.


过去常常做某事


.


22. What



s wong with


……


?


< br>..


出了问题


(



)?


23. have nothing to do with



..


< br>…


..


无关



24. be busy doing sth .


在忙于做某事



25. too



..to



..



……


以致知于不

……



26. so


……


that



..


如此



..


以致知于不


……



27. such



..that


……



如此



..


以致知于不


……



28. It take sb. some time to do sth .


某人做某事用了一些时间


.


29. spend



..on sth.(doing sth.)


花钱


/

时间做某事


.


30. pay



..for sth.


花费< /p>


(



)


买某物< /p>


.


31. What /how about


……


?


……


.


怎么样


(


好吗

< p>
)?


32. would like to do sth .


想要


/


愿意做某事


. .


33. I don



t think that


我认为


……


不< /p>



..


34. Why not do sth.? Why don



t you do sth .?


为什么不做某事呢


?


35. What do you mean by



.?




.

< p>
是什么意思


?


36. What do you think of



..(How do you like



.)


你认为



.


怎么样


?


37. Mike enjoys collecting stamps . So do I.


迈克喜欢集邮


.


我也也喜欢


.


38. The more, the better .


越多越剧好


.


39. Thanks for doing sth.


谢谢你做了某事


.


40. It is said that



..


据说


……



2.



315


3.



1 (see



hear



notice



find



feel



listen to



look



at (


感官动词


)+



do





eg



:I



like



watching



monkeys



jump




2


(比较级


and


比较级)




表示越来越怎么样



3 a piece of cake =easy




小菜一碟(容易)



4 agree with sb




赞成某人



5 all kinds of




各种各样



a kind of




一样



6 all over the world = the whole world




整个



世界



...


7 along with





……


一道,伴随


… …





eg : I will go along with you




我将和你一起去





the students planted trees along with their teachers




学生同老师们一起种树



8 As soon as




一怎么样就怎么样



9 as you can see


你是知道的



10 ask for


……


求助








(直接接想要的东西)



eg :



ask you for my book




11 ask sb for sth




向某人什么




12 ask sb to do sth




询问某人某事



ask sb not to do




叫某人不要做某事



13 at the age of





……


岁时



eg



I am sixteen



I am at the age of sixteen




14 at the beginning of


……




……


的起初;


……


的开始



15 at the end of +


地点


/+


时间




最后;尽头;末尾



eg : At the end of the day


16 at this time of year




在每年的这个时候



17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +


从句




感觉


/


对什么有信心,自信





eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English



I feel that I can pass the test


18 be + doing




表:


1


现在进行时


2


将来时



19


be


able


to (+ v



)


=


can


(+


v


原)




能够


……



eg


:



She


is


able


to sing



She


can sing




20 be able to do sth




能够干什么



eg :she is able to sing




21 be afraid to do (of sth




恐惧,害怕


……



eg : I'm afraed to go out at night



I'm afraid of


dog


22 be allowed to do




被允许做什么





eg:




I'm




allowed




to




watch




TV












I



should



be



allowed



to



watch



TV




我应该被允许看电视



23 be angry with sb




生某人的气



eg : Don't be angry with me




24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth




为什么而生某人的气



25 be as



原级



as




和什么一样



eg : She is as tall as me


她和我一样高



26 be ashamed to




27 be away from




远离



28 be away from





……


离开



29 be bad for




对什么有害



eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes




在太阳下看书对


你的眼睛不好



30 be born




出生于



31 be busy doing sth




忙于做什么事



be busy with sth




忙于


……



32 be careful




当心;小心



33 be different from


……




和什么不一样



34 be famous for





……


著名



35 be friendly to sb




对某人友好



36 be from = come from




来自





eg



He is from Bejing



He comes from Bejing



Is he from Bejing ?



Does he come from


Bejing ?


37 be full of




装满


……




be filled with




充满



eg:



the glass is full of water



the


glass is filled with water




38 be glad+to+do/


从句



39 be going to + v(


原)




将来时



40 be good at(+doing) = do well in




在某方面善长


,


善于


……



...


41 be good for




对什么有好处



eg : Reading aloud is good for your English




42 be happy to do




很高兴做某事



43 be helpful to sb




对某人有好处





eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you




大声朗读对你有好处





Exercising is helpful to your bady




锻炼对你的身体有好处



44 be in good health




身体健康



45 be in trouble




处于困难中



eg : She is in trouble



They are in tronble




46 be interested in




对某方面感兴趣



47 be late for = come late to


迟到



eg: Be late for class




上课迟到



48 be like





……



eg : I'm like my mother


49 be mad at




生某人的气



50 be made from



……


制成


(


制成以后看不见原材料


)


51 be made of





……


制成


(


制成以后还看得见原材料


)




52 be not sure


表不确定



53 be on a visit to




参观



54 be popular with sb




受某人欢迎



55 be quiet




安静



56 be short for





**


的缩写



eg:



is short for


陶俊杰



57 be sick in bed




生病在床



58 be sorry to do sth



be sorry for sb



eg : I am sorry for you




59 be sorry to hear that


60 be sorry to trouble sb



eg : I am sorry to trouble you




61 be strict in doing



sth




严于做某事



eg : He's strict in obeying noles


62 be strict with sb




对某人要求严格



eg: Some students are not strict with them selves





些学生对自己不严格



63 be strict with sb in sth




某方面对某人严格



64 be supposed to do




被要求干什么



65 be sure




表确定



66 be sure of doing sth




对做某事有信心



eg: He is sure of winning



I am sure of learning


English well




67 be sure of sth




对做某事有信心



eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher




我相信我的大脑(老师)



68 be sure that sth




对做某事有信心



eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test




我相信他能通过考




69 be sure to do sth




一定会做某事





eg:


We


are


sure


to


pass


the


test




我们一定会通过这次考试



We


are


sure


to


learn


English


well





们一定能学好英语



70 be terrified of +



/



doing




害怕


……




71 be terrified to do sth




害怕做某事




72 be the same as





和什么一样



73 be used to doing sth




习惯做某事





eg:


My


father


is


used


to


getting


up


early




我爸爸习惯早起



He


is


used


to


sleeping


in


class





习惯上课睡觉





He is used to working hard



He is used to hard work


他习惯努力工作




74 be worth doing




值得做什么



...


75


be(feel)


afraid


to


do


sth




害怕做某事



be


afraid


of


sth




害怕某物



be


afraid


that








76 because+


句子



because of +


短语





eg : He was late because he had a headache



He was late because of his headache


77 begin to do = start to do


开始做某事



start

< p>


with



=begi n



with




以什么开始什么





eg : Let's begin the game with the song



I begin to go home




78 between



and





两者之间



79 borrow sth from sb





……



……



lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth




借给

……


什么东西





eg : I borrowed a pen from him



he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen




80 both = the same(as) = not different(from)




表相同



81 bother




打扰



bother sb to do sth





eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station






我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站




the problem has been bothering me for weeks




这个问题困扰了我几个周了




He's bothering me to lend him money




82 by the end of





……


为止



83 call sb sth



eg : We call him old wang


84 care




关心



eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?


你为什么不关心国家的未来



85 catch up with sb




赶上某人



86 chat with sb




和某人闲谈



take sb to +


地点




带某人去某地



87 come in




进来



88 come over to




过来



89 come up with




提出



eg: Can you come up with a good idea




你能想出一个好办法吗?



90 communicate with sb


和某人交流



91 consider + doing




考虑做什么



eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou




为什么不考虑去泸州?



92 dance to




随着


……


跳舞



eg : She likes dancing to the music




她喜欢随着音乐跳舞



93 decide to do sth


决定做某事



94 do a survey of




做某方面的调查



95 do better in





……


方面做得更好

< br>


96 do wrong




做错




97 Don't forget to do sth




不要忘了做某事



98 Don't mind +doing /


从句


/


名词




不要介意


……



99 each +


名(单)每一个


……



eg : Each student has many books




每一个学生都有一些书



100 end up +doing




101 enjoy +doing




喜欢



102 escape from





……


逃跑





eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison




犯人从监狱里逃跑出来



Some gas is escaping from the pipe




有一些气体从管子里冒出



103 expect to do sth




期待做某事



104 fall down




摔下来



fall off




从哪摔下来



105 fall in love with sb /sth




爱上什么



106 far from




离某地远



eg : The school is far from my home




107 find +it +adj +to do


发现做某事怎么样



108 find sb/sth +adj




发现什么怎么样?



eg : I find the book interesting




...

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