-
Lesson 51 Reward for Virtue
对美德的奖赏
Why did Hugh's diet not work?
My friend, Hugh, has always
been fat, but things got so bad recently that he
decided to go on
a diet. He began his
diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long
list of all the foods which
were
forbidden. The list included most of the things
Hugh loves: butter
, potatoes, rice,
beer
, milk,
chocolate; and
sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the
bell and was not surprised to see
that
Hugh was still as fat as ever
. He led
me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel
under
his desk. It was obvious that he
was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was
doing, he
smiled guiltily and then put
the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet
was so strict that he
had to reward
himself occasionally. Then he showed me the
contents of the parcel. It contained
five large bars of chocolate and three
bags of sweets!
参考译文
我的朋友休一直很胖,但是
近来情况变得越发糟糕,以致他决定节食。他是一星期前开始节食的。首先,
他开列了一
张长长的单子,上面列了所有禁吃的食物。这张单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的:黄油、土豆、
米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。昨天我去看望了他。我按响了门铃,当看到休仍和往常一样胖时,
我并不感
到惊奇。他把我领进屋,慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面。显然他感到很尴尬。
当我问他正干什么时,他内疚地
笑了,然后把那个大包拿到了桌上。他解释说,他的饮食
控制得太严格了,以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下。接着
他给我看了包里的东西。里面装了
5
大块巧克力和
3
袋糖果!
【
New words
and expressions
】(
10
)
reward n.
报偿
virtue n.
美德
diet n.
节食
forbid
v.
禁止-
forbade
-
forbidden
hurriedly adv.
匆忙地
embarrass v.
使尴尬
guiltily
adv.
内疚地
strict
adj.
严格的
reward
v.
给奖赏
occasionally adv.
偶尔地
一.单词讲解:
★
reward
n.
报偿
同义词
, , ,
反义词
,
变化形
名复
变化形
动变
(
1
)
n.
报酬、奖赏、酬谢、赏金
eg
:
He received a
medal in reward for his bravery.
他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章
.
eg
:
A 10-million
reward has been offered for the capture of Bin
Laden .
1 / 12
悬赏一千万美元捉拿宾拉登。
eg
:
He worked hard
without
(
any
)
hope of reward .
他
辛勤工作
,
但却不期待得到报酬。
(
2
)
v.
给予报酬,酬谢,报答
eg
:
Is this how
you reward me for my help
?
你就这样报答我对你的帮助吗
?
eg
:
You will be
fully rewarded with all your efforts .
你所有的努力都将得到充分的回报。
eg
:
I will reward
you later .
以后我会报答你。
rewarding adj.
报酬的
,
有益的
,
值得的
a rewarding
experience
一次富有价值的经历
★
virtue
n.
美德
同义词
, ,
变化形
名复
(
1
)
美德、善、清高(反意词
:
vice
恶行,缺德行为)
a man of
virtue
有德之人
eg
:
Honesty is a
virtue .
诚实是一种美德。
lead a life of virtue
过高尚的生活
eg
:
Virtue is its
own reward . (
谚
)
做
好事即乐在其中
.
eg
:
All of the
virtues get here .
全聚德
(
2
)
优点、长处
eg
:
The big class
has the virtue of making more friends .
大量的美德使能交更多的朋友。
eg
:
My room has
virtue of being warm even in winter .
我的房间有个好处即使是冬天也很温暖。
virtual adj. ['v
?
:tju
?
l]
实质的
,
实际上的
eg
:
Our deputy
manager is the virtual head of the business .
我们的副经理是公司的实际负责人
.
★
diet
同义词
, , ,
变化形
名复
变化形
动变
(
1
)
节食
go on a diet
=
be on a diet
实行节食
lose weight
减重
←→
put on weight
=
gain weight
增胖
(
2<
/p>
)(日常的)
饮食
a balanced
diet
均衡的饮食
;
diet
sheet
(病人的)
规定食谱
★
forbid
v.
禁止
,
不许
[O1][O2][+v-ing...
n.
节食
同义词
, , ,
反义词
,
2 / 12
forbid
-
forbid +n. / doing
eg
:
Who can forbid
our marriage
?谁可以禁止我们的婚姻?
eg
:
Smoking is
forbidden in this building .
在这幢楼里吸烟是被禁止。
forbid sb
禁止某人
…..
eg
:
If you want to
go , I can’t forbid you .
如果你想去,我不能阻止你。
eg
:
He didn’t like
his daughter’s boy friend , and forbade him into
the house .
他不喜欢他女儿的男朋友,并禁止他进了屋。
forbid sb to do …….
禁止某人做某事
eg
:
My father
forbad me to watch television .
我的父亲就禁止我看电视。
eg
:
It is
forbidden to smoke in this room
.
(
No
Smoking
)
在这个房间禁止吸烟。
forbidden
adj.
(被)
禁止的
forbidden
fruit
禁果
;
非法的欢愉
p>
forbidden ground
禁区、必须避免的问题、犯忌讳的问题
the Forbidden City
故宫
,
紫禁城
eg
:
God forbid
that we should have class tomorrow.
上帝保佑,我们明天不用上课。
★
hurriedly
adv.
匆忙地、草率地
hurried
adj.
仓促的
,
慌忙的
;
a hurried trip
匆忙之旅
a hurried meal
匆忙吃了顿饭
hurriedly
adv. ['h
?
ridli]
匆忙
地
;
speak
hurriedly
匆促地讲
hurry v.
匆忙
,
催促
,
赶紧
eg
:
Don’t hurry .
不要急。
eg
:
Hurry up .
快点
eg
:
With this ,
the woman hurried away / off .
说完了,该女子匆匆离去。
eg
:
He hurried
home .
他匆匆赶回家。
eg
:
He hurried to
school .
他急忙赶到学校。
hurry to +
地点
:匆忙赶到某地
eg
:
He hurried
back to his office .
他急忙赶回他的办公室。
eg
:
They hurried
into the car .
他们急忙上车。
★
embarrass
同义词
, , ,
变化形
动变
embarrass sb
使某人难堪
eg
:
Your sharp
words embarrassed him a lot .
v.
使窘
;
使不好意思
,
使局促不安
[H][(...
3 /
12
你尖酸的话令他很难堪。
eg
:
Are you trying
to embarrass me
?
你想要我难堪?
eg
:
Don’t
embarrass them
by asking / with
personal questions .
不要问他们令人难堪的个人问题。
eg
:
She was
embarrassed by his loud laughter .
他的大笑令她感到尴尬。
embarrassing adj.
令人困惑的、难堪、尴尬的
embarrassed adj.
感到困惑的、难堪、尴尬的
eg
:
It was obvious
that he was very embarrassed .
显然他感到很窘。
financially embarrassed
=
short of
money
囊中羞涩、经济受窘
embarrassment [im
?
< br>b?r
?
sm
?
nt] n.
窘迫;困惑;为难
an embarrassment of riches
好东西太多而难以选择
东西多得令人为难;财富多得成了累赘
blush in embarrassment
因难为情而脸红
区别
:
embassy [
?
emb
?
si]
n.
大馆;大使馆全体成员
★
guiltily
adv.
内疚地
(
1
)
责任、罪行、罪状
eg
:
Guilt was
written all over her face .
她的罪过都写在脸上了;她在脸上写满了内疚。
establish the suspect’s
guilt
证实嫌疑犯有罪
eg
:
He denied his
guilt .
他否认自己有罪。
eg
:
He confessed
his guilt .
他承认自己有罪。
(
2
)
不安、内疚
feeling
of guilt
内疚感、罪悪感{ざいあくかん}、罪の意识{いしき}
guilty ['gilti]
adj.
有罪的
,
内疚的
guiltless
(
innocent ,
clear
)
['giltlis] adj.
不熟悉
...
的
,
无罪的
eg
:
I feel guilty
about cutting classes .
旷课我感到内疚。
eg
:
I feel guilty
because I have no money to lend you .
因为我没有钱借给你感到内疚。
eg
:
Not guilty .
裁决某人
[
无罪
].
eg
:
The boys were
guilty of theft .
男孩子们犯了盗窃罪。
guiltily adv.
eg
:
She smiled
guiltily as she saw me .
当她看见我时她尴尬地笑。
★
strict
adj.
严格的、严厉的
[(+with)]
4 / 12
同义词
, , ,
反义词
, ,
变化形
形变
(
1
)
adj.
严格地、严厉的
be
strict with sb
对某人严厉
=
be strict in sb
对某人严厉
be strict
in one’s
work / study
对
工作
/
学习
严格
eg
:
First of all ,
you must be strict with yourself .
首先,你必须严格要求自己。
a
strict teacher
一位严格的老师
;
strict rules
严格的规定
(
2
)
adj.
严密地、正确地
the
strict truth
确凿的事实
、绝对真实
in the
strict sense
严格说来
strictly ['striktli]
adv.
严格地
,
完全地
eg
:
Strictly
speaking , you are not fit for your job .
严格来说,你是不适合这份工作。
eg
:
Smoking is
strictly prohibited .
严禁吸烟、吸烟被严格地禁止。
★
occasionally
同义词
, ,
adv. now
and then , at times
偶而地
eg
:
I occasionally
go to the movies with him .
我偶尔和他去看电影。
occasional adj.
偶而的
occasional
visits
偶尔的拜访
eg
:
We’ll have
occasional snow during the night .
晚上偶而会下一阵雪。
occasion [
?
?
kei
?
?
n]
n.
时刻,场合;盛会;时机;起因
vt.
引起
on one
occasion
一次
, on another
occasion
另一次
on
this / that occasion
在
这种
/
那种
场合
eg
:
It’s always
the same on this kind of occasions .
在这种场合总是这样的。
eg
:
He has had few
occasions to speak French .
他很少有机会讲法语。
二.
Key
structures
:
一般过去时
一般过去时:表过去某时
发生的动作或处于的状态,通常表过去的时间状语连用,(也可通过上、下文体现时
间)
。
adv.
偶尔地、偶尔
,
间或
5 / 12
eg
:
I got on the
bus and sat down.
Eg
:
The magazine I
ordered was sent to the wrong address .
eg
:
A fire broke
out in our town recently and a large factory was
burnt to the ground .
burnt to the
ground
彻底烧毁
注意动词不规则过去式、过去分词
eat
-
ate
-
eaten
;
wear
-
wore
-
worn
win
-
won
-
won
;
fall
-
fell
-
fallen
beat
[bi:t] vt.
打;战胜
vi.
跳动
n.
跳动
(
声
)
;节拍
-
beat
-
beaten
forbid
[f
?
?
bid]
vt.
不许,禁止-
forbade
-
forbidden
lose
-
lost
-
lost
;
break
-
broke
-
broken
hide
-
hid
-
hidden
;
ring
打电话
-
rang
-
rung
burn
-
burnt / burned
-
burnt / burned
lead
-
led
-
led
rise vi.
升起;起立
(
床
)<
/p>
;上涨
n.
上涨;升高-
rose
-
risen
lie
[lai]vi.
躺,平放;位于;伸展;说谎
n.
谎话
-
lay
-
lain
lay
[lei] v.
置放;铺;产
(
蛋,
卵
)
;设置;主张
-
laid
-
laid
creep [
kri:p]vi.
爬行,匍匐;蹑手蹑足地走,缓慢地行进-
crept
-
crept
leap
[li:p]vi.
跳;冲
vt.
跃过
n.
跳跃;激增,骤变-
leapt
-
leapt
tear
[ti
?
, te
?
< br>]n.
眼泪;破洞,裂口
v.
撕
(
裂
)
,被
撕破
-
tore
-
torn
Exercise
:
⑴
I was
(
be
)
glad to get your letter .
⑵
How did you like
(
like
)
their performance
?
⑶
Who put
(
put
)
forward this suggestion
?
⑷
Yesterday I paid
(
pay
)
him a visit .
⑸
Everybody
rose
(
rise
起立)
when he entered
(
en
ter
)
the room .
三.课文讲解:
★
My friend, Hugh, has
always been fat, but things got so bad recently
that he decided
to go on a diet.
我的朋友休一直很胖
,
但是近来情况变得越发糟糕
,
以致他决定节食
.
※
so …that
如此
…
以致;结果使,以致
eg
:
It’s so
cold that the pond has frozen.
eg
:
I ran so fast
that I’d got a pain in my side.
so …as to do
……
到做某事的程度
eg
:
She was so
kind as to help the old lady off the bus .
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