大英综合3Test4答案和注释

综合

B3U4

小测答案

Part I

Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes )

Section A

Directions:

In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of

choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the

bank is identified by a letter.

You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once

.

Albert Einstein was 1__. For the third night in a row, his baby son Hans, crying, kept the household 2__ until

dawn. When Albert finally 3__, it was time to get up and go to work. He couldn't 4__ a day. He needed the job to

support his young family. Walking 5__ to the

Patent Office, where he was a “

Technical Expert, Third Class,

”

Albert worried about his mother. She was getting older and 6 __

, and she didn’

t 7__ his marriage to Mileva.

Relations were 8__. Albert 9__ a passing shop window. His hair was a mess; he had forgotten to comb it again.

Work. Family. 10 __. Albert felt all the pressure and responsibility of any young husband and father.

A) exhausted

B) disdain C) awake

D) dozed off

E) skip

F) briskly

G) passionately

H) frail

I) baffle J) approve of

K) glanced at

L) intuition M) stimulate

N) Making ends meet

O)

strained

正确答案：

1-10

ACDEF

HJOKN

Section B

Directions:

There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished

statements.

For each of them

there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best

choice.

Passage One

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction

of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial

telephones

to

penicillin,

was

pieced

together

from

the

analysis

of

data

provided

by

one

or

another

series

of

scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human inter-living,

long enough to set back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether

to go on with it or not. There is an

argument

11

.

V

oices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the 19th century during

the

early

stages

of

the

industrial

revolution,

summoning

urgent

crowds

into

the

streets

on

the

issue

of

nuclear

energy.

“

Give it

back,

It doesn't really work, we've tri

ed it and it doesn’

t work. Go back

three hundred years and start again on something else l

ess chancy for the race of man.”

The principal discoveries in this century, taking all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance of

nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, and matters of absolute certainty

—

Newtonian mechanics, for

example

—

have

slipped

through

our

fingers;

and

we

are

left

with

a

new

set

of

gigantic

puzzles,

cosmic

uncertainties,

and

ambiguities.

Some

of

the

laws

of

physics

are

amended

every

few

years;

some

are

canceled

outright; some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.

12

Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was

exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and

clear: the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a

tiny watch.

But just in the last few

years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts

whose functions are beyond today’s imagining.

13

It is not just that there is more to do, there is everything to do.

What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the

efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of

agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea.

14

As we learn more about fundamental processes

of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.

11.

What

CANNOT

be inferred from the first paragraph?

A) Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable items.

B) For three hundred years there have been people holding a hostile attitude toward science.

C) Modern civilization depends on science so man supports scientific progress unanimously

（无异议地，全体一

致地）

.

D)

Some

people

think

three

hundred

years

is

not

long

enough

to

set

back

for

critical

appraisal

of

scientific

method.

正确答案：

C

12.

The principal discovery in this century shows ____.

A) man has overthrown Newton's laws of physics

B) man has solved a new set of gigantic puzzles

C) man has lost many scientific discoveries

D) man has given up some of the once accepted theories

正确答案：

D

13.

Now scientists have found in the past few years ____.

A) the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessary

B) the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machine

C) man knows nothing about DNA

D) man has much to learn about DNA

正确答案：

D

14.

The writer’

s main purpose in writing the passage is to say that ____.

A) science is just at its beginning

B) s

cience has greatly improved man’

s life

C) science has made profound progress

D) science has done too little to human beings

正确答案：

A

15.

The writer's attitude towards science is ____.

A) critical

B) approving

C) neutral

D) regretful

正确答案：

C

Passage Two

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures

we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person to

one's side in the Philippines, or that in Italy and some Latin- American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a

sign of farewell.

Those

private

citizens

who

sent

packages

to

our

troops

occupying

Germany

after

World

War

II

and

marked

them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that

like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm's length away from others. Latins

and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.

Our

linguistic

and

cultural

blindness

and

the

casualness

with

which

we

take

notice

of

the

developed

tastes,

gestures, customs and language of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.

16,20

Even

here

in

the

United

States,

we

make

few

concessions

to

the

needs

of

foreign

visitors.

There

are

no

information signs in four language on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual (

多语的

)

guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen

are

rare.

Our

transportation

systems

have

maps

in

English

only

and

often

we

ourselves

have

difficulty

understanding them.

When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and

information we pick up are conditioned by those natives

—

usually the richer

—

who speak English. Our business

dealings, as well as the nation's diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.

For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance.

17,18

After

all, America was the most powerful country of the world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.

But all that is past.

American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that

our proper role in the world is changing.

19

A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this

country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the

next century, even tough it may not always be the upper hand.

16.

It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably

____.

A) stand still

B) jump aside

C) step forward

D) draw back

正确答案：

D

17.

The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their ____.

A) cultural self- centeredness

B) casual manners

C) indifference towards foreign visitors

D) arrogance towards other cultures

正确答案：

A

18.

In countries other than their own most Americans _____.

A) are isolated by the local people

B) are not well informed due to the language barrier

C) tend to get along well with the natives

D) need interpreters in hotels and restaurants

正确答案：

B

19.

According to the author, American's cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will ____.

A) affect their image in the new era

B) cut themselves off from the outside world

C) limit their role in world affairs

D) weaken the position of the US dollar

正确答案：

C

20.

The author’

s intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that ____.

A) it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friends

B) it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairs

C) it is necessary to use several languages in public places

D) it is time to get acquainted with other cultures

正确答案：

D

Part III

V

ocabulary and Structure ( 11 minutes )

Directions:

There

are

a

number

of

incomplete

sentences

in

this

part.

For

each

sentence

there

are

four

choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.

21.

The safe disposal of waste is a legal requirement rather than an industry relying on summer choice, so most

___ disposal companies will not be threatened by the economic recession.

A. garden

B. garbage

C. gallery

画廊，走廊

D. garlic

大蒜；

蒜头

22.

After

reading

the

news

about

her,

the

pop

star

___

the

reporter

violently

for

making

up

the

story

and

spreading the rumors.

A. caused

B. curved

使弯曲；

使成曲线

C. cursed

诅咒；

咒骂

D. cured

23.

One of the aims of modern natural science is to ___

up

universal principles or laws from pieces of data.

A. work

B. wake

C. wait

D. walk

24

Gramma has got a high fever; do you think we should ___

for

the doctor?

A. sell

B. settle

C. set

D. send

for

召唤；

派人去取；

申请；

订购

25.

Cathy ___

down

the well-paid job because it involved too many business trips.

A. took

B. turned

C. tuned

D. toned

26.

It

is

the

middle

of

the

semester

and

all

students

are

making

___

efforts

to

meet

the

deadlines

of

their

assignments.

A. supreme

adj.

（程度）很大的；最高的；

至高的；

最重要的

B. supper

C. summary

adj.

概括的，总结的；

即刻的，立即的

D. surprise

27.

The doctors and the nurses are keeping the patient under close ___ on account of his critical operation.

A. obedient

adj.

顺从的，服从的

B. observation

under observation

（尤指病人或嫌疑犯）在观察中；在监视中

C. obligation

义务，责任

D. occupation

职业，工作；

占有，占领

28.

More and more English teachers would like to ___ the communicative

approach to

their teaching.

A. adapt

vi.

适应于，适应不同情况（或环境）

(to)

vt.

改编，改写；

改变

…

以适合

(for)

B. adhere

to

粘附；

遵循，坚持

C. adopt

D. adobe

adj.

用土坯建造的

29.

Not all twins are ___ in the details of their interests.

A. alike

B. like

C. alive

D. alight

adj.

点亮的；

烧着的

alike, like, similar, comparable, parallel, uniform, identical

这些形容词均有

“

< br>相似的，类似的

”

之意。

alike

：

指事物在性质、特征或外貌上 固有的而不是偶然的相似。

普通用词，只作表语。

：普通用词，含义广泛，

指多个或全部特 性都相似，但并非同一个，也可指在某个特殊的偶然相似。

s imilar

：强调不同的人或事物之间完全或部分相似，暗示可暂不考虑或无视其差异 之处。

comparable

：指在 某一点或几点上有相似之处，可作有限或粗略的对比，尤指在价值或能力等方面可相

提并 论。

parallel

：主要指在外 表或在性质上相似到有可以相提并论的程度。

uniform

：指在性质、数量、形态或程度等方面相似到很难看出差异的地步。

identical

：语气最强，可指同一个人或物，也 可指数个人或物之间完全没有差别。

30.

Explorers have found another ___ which has rich minerals in the western China.

A. lobby

门厅，大厅；

休息室；

投票厅

B. lock

C. lodging

出租的房间；

暂住；

寄宿；

借宿

D. locality

place, position, spot, situation, site, location, locality, setting, scene

这些名词均含

“

地点，位置，场所

”

之意 。

place

：

含义广泛，最普通用词，既可指很小的地点，又可指很大很远的地方或场所。

position

：

多指物体相对于其他物体所处的位置或状态。

spot

：

指相对较小的特定地点或事物所在地。

situation

：

指物体在其周围环境中所处的位置或状态，侧重地点或场所的环境特征。

site

：

指或大或小的地方，既可指供专门用途或特定活动的地点，又可指某一事件的地址。

location

：

指某物设置的方向或地点。