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新视野大学英语ReadingComprehension(新综3)

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2021-02-19 13:43
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2021年2月19日发(作者:confident用法)


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Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice)



Directions: Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four


choices marked A, B, C and D.






Passage 1



Psychics (


通灵的人


) are people who can get information about people, places, or situations


through a sixth sense-a sense that exists in addition to those of seeing, hearing, smelling,


tasting, and touching. They can use their psychic ability to heal people who are sick, to give


advice, to give hints about the future, and to do many other things. And it's not just individuals


who


use


psychics;


sometimes


companies


and


governments


use psychics,


too.


One


year


a


company called Delphi and Associates earned $$120,000 on the stock market with the help of


psychics.



of money to a professional psychic. You can start by using your own psychic ability.


Psychic abilities are really just another sense, similar to our other five senses. The difference is


that we never develop our psychic sense in the same way that we develop our other senses.


We train our eyes to see the difference between a V and a U; we train our ears to hear the


difference between a /ch/ and a /sh/ sound; we can feel the difference between silk


and


leather; we can smell and taste if milk is sour. But our sixth sense, our psychic sense, seldom


develops very much. Because most of us ignore our psychic sense for so long, it takes some


time to develop it. If you have never played soccer before, you cannot expect to be a good


player after three lessons. It might take years to become really good. Psychic ability works the


same way.





















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1.



People use psychics ________.






A. mainly to see the future
















B. to make money






C. to see what one cannot usually see







D. for many reasons





Correct answer: D



2.



________ learn to use their psychic ability.






A. Many people







B. Many companies






C. Few people








D. Few governments





Correct answer: C



3.



Psychic abilities ________.






A. are similar to other senses










B. work in the same way as other senses






C. are different from other senses






D. work together with other senses





Correct answer: A



4.



Our psychic sense seldom develops very much because ________.






A. we never sense it







B. we never believe in it






C. we ignore it











D. we don't want to take time to train it





Correct answer: C



5.



The attitude of the author towards psychic abilities is ________.






A. positive







B. negative







C. critical







D. neutral





Correct answer: A






Passage 2



It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the


10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry (






















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) or decimum. Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of being


abandoned, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more


important. The decimum was the wife's right to receive a tenth of all her husband's property.


The wife had the right to hold back consent, in all transactions (


交易


) the husband would make.


And more than just a right: the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision,


equal to that of her husband. In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference


in the legal status of husband and wife.


The wife shared in the management of her husband's personal property, but the opposite was


not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against


husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit.


A case in point is that of Maria Vivas, a Catalan woman of Barcelona. Having agreed with her


husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted on


compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the official in


charge to have a contract as expected drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Miro's


personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says,


the sake of peace.


knew how to win herself, within the context of the family, a powerful economic position.


1.



A decimum was ________.






A. the wife's inheritance from her father






B. a gift of money to the new husband






C. a written contract






D. the wife's right to receive one-tenth of her husband's property





Correct answer: D






















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2.



In the society described in the passage, the legal standing of the wife in marriage was


________.






A. higher than that of her husband







B. lower than that of her husband






C. the same as that of her husband








D. higher than that of a single woman





Correct answer: C



3.



What compensation did Maria Vivas get for the field?






A. Some of the land Miro had inherited.







B. A tenth of Miro's land.






C. Money for household expenses.











D. Money from Miro's inheritance.





Correct answer: A



4.



Could a husband sell his wife's inheritance?






A. No, under no circumstances.








B. Yes, whenever he wished to.






C. Yes, if she agreed.
















D. Yes, if his father-in-law agreed.





Correct answer: C



5.



Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an effect of the dowry system?






A. The husband had to share the power of decision in marriage.






B. The wife was protected from being abandoned.






C. The wife gained a powerful economic position.






D. The husband was given control over his wife's property.





Correct answer: D






Passage 3



Some cynical experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in


the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned. Other authorities, however, think





















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the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of city travel in the


immediate future.


The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become


smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The


car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present models.


Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main source of traffic


congestion


(


拥挤


)


in


cities.


One


proposed


solution


to


this


problem


is


the


computerized


highway system.



When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (


可伸缩的


) arm will drop from the


auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically.


Once attached


to


the rail, the car will become electrically powered from


the system, and


control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the


car's movements.


The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The


computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct


exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (


蜂鸣器


) that


will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that a computerized highway will be able to


handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried


by a present-day highway.


1.



One significant improvement in the future car will probably be ________.






A. its power source











B. its driving system






C. its monitoring system







D. its seating capacity






















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Correct answer: A



2.



What is the author's main concern?






A. How to make automobiles pollution- free.





B. How to abandon automobiles in the


future.






C. How to solve the problem of traffic jams.





D. How to develop a computerized


subway system.





Correct answer: C



3.



What provides autos with electric power in a computerized highway system?






A. A rail.
















B. An engine.






C. A retractable arm.







D. A computer controller.





Correct answer: A



4.



In a computerized highway system, all the driver needs to do is ________.






A. keep in the right lane






B. wait to arrive at his destination






C. keep in constant touch with the computer center






D. inform the system of his destination by phone





Correct answer: D



5.



What is the author's attitude toward the future of autos?






A. Enthusiastic.







B. Cynical.







C. Optimistic.







D. Cautious.





Correct answer: C






Passage 4



What should you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at some





















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school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy


who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. So it is important to know


the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any especially


strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not


all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history


is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned


to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.


If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from


it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and


to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for


example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you


see from the inside in a part-time job.


Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you


handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is better


to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance,


may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be


apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance at a fresh start at work.


1.



Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph?






A. The importance of doing well at school.






B. Using school performance to help to choose a career.






C. The importance of being good at all subjects.






D. The indirect value of schoolwork.





Correct answer: B






















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2.



Which subject has indirect, rather than direct, use for a job?






A. Mathematics.





B. English.





C. Engineering.





D. History.





Correct answer: D



3.



The writer thinks that for a student to have a part-time job is probably ______.






A. a waste of time that could have been spent on study






B. useful for his future work






C. a good way to earn extra money






D. a good way to find out his weak points





Correct answer: B



4.



According to the passage, if a student's school record is not good, he ______.






A. will be a complete failure in his future work






B. will not be able to find a suitable job






C. will regret not having worked harder at school






D. may do well in his future work





Correct answer: D



5.



The whole passage centers on ______.






A. choosing a career according to what one is skilled in






B. acquiring knowledge by working hard at school






C. finding one's strong and weak points






D. developing one's useful abilities in school work





Correct answer: A






Passage 5






















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The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law


limits exploring for oil to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production


limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have


not been allowed to employ more than a


limited number of foreign workers. But the oil


industry is still suffering before getting over such problems. And few people believe that the


Government will be able to hold things back for long.


Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a program of development in the


area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this program has had a great deal of


success. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years


the whole northern policy could be in ruins.


The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100


percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries


and


the


tourist


industry


will


lose


most


of


their


workers


to


the


oil


industry.


Some


smaller


industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from


abroad.


The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegians' way of life. Farmers and fishermen


do


not


make


up


most


of


the


population,


but


they


are


an


important


part


of


it


because


Norwegians


see


in


them


many


of


the


qualities


that


they


regard


with


pride


as


essentially


Norwegian.


1.



The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to _________.






A. provide more jobs for foreign workers






B. slow down the rate of its development






C. sell the oil produced abroad






















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D. develop more quickly than at present





Correct answer: B



2.



The Government has tried to _______, but people fear it won't stay that way for long.






A. encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources






B. prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway






C. help the oil companies solve many of their problems






D. keep the oil industry to somewhat near its present size





Correct answer: D



3.



According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to _________.






A. the development of industry






B. a growth of population






C. the failure of the development program






D. the development of new towns





Correct answer: C



4.



In the south, one effect of the development of the oil industry might be _________.






A. a large reduction in unemployment






B. a growth in the tourist industry






C. a reduction in the number of service industries






D. the development of a number of service industries





Correct answer: C



5.



Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because _________.






A. they form such a large part of Norwegian society






B. their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal






















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C. their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society






D. they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life





Correct answer: B






Passage 6



Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from


coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive


amount


of


anxiety


or


stress


for


young


athletes.


Stress


can


be


physical,


emotional,


or


psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout (


筋疲力尽


). Burnout has


been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.


The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting


is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how


to


cooperate


with


others,


make


friends


and


gain


other


social


skills


that


will


be


used


throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback


(


反馈


) to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and


coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw (


缺陷


) in themselves.


Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become


work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process


of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may


be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following


a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngster's


performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research





















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indicates


that


positive


reinforcement


motivates


and


has


a


greater


effect


on


learning


than


criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.


1.



An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is _____________.






A. to make sports less competitive







B. to make sports more challenging






C. to reduce their mental stress










D. to increase their sense of success





Correct answer: C



2.



According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that ___________.






A. it can help them learn more about society






B. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves






C. it enables them to find flaws in themselves






D. it can provide them with valuable experiences





Correct answer: D



3.



Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes _________.






A. without realizing criticism may destroy their self- confidence






B. in order to make them remember life's lessons






C. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development






D. so as to put more pressure on them





Correct answer: A



4.



According to the passage parents and coaches should ___________.






A. help children to win every game






B. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports






C. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports






D. train children to cope with stress






















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Correct answer: B



5.



The author's purpose in writing the passage is ___________.






A. to persuade young children not to worry about criticism






B. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children






C. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement






D. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout





Correct answer: B






Passage 7



If it was once the case that there were no second acts in American lives, there are now not only


second acts but third, fourth, and fifth ones. This is not entirely unhealthy: The belief that one


shouldn't be judged by one's worst mistakes revives (


恢复


) careers that might otherwise have


ended. Thus, Sergio Zyman rebounded from the failure of New Coke to lead the company to


great success and landed on the cover of Fortune in a story headlined,


Bounce


Back!


That


story


put


a


new


spin


on


screwing


up:



you


haven't


failed


yet,


you


probably will. And for the benefit of your career, you probably should.


Sometime in the 1990s, though, the notion of failure as the necessary preface to success


reached its falling phase. In this, Hollywood led the way. When the movie Showgirls was not


successful in theaters, its distributor, MGM, decided to actively sell it as a bad movie, arranging


midnight shows stocked with drag queens (


男扮女装的男同性恋者


) shouting the film's lines


back at the screen. The notion of shame in failure came to be seen as old- fashioned, and the



(


补救


)


phase


of


a


comeback


grew


shorter


and


shorter


until


it


disappeared


entirely.


As


Hugh


Grant


taught


us,


no


matter


how


bad


one's


misconduct,


one


can


earn





















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forgiveness through a modest chat on a national talk show. Similarly, Bob Dole didn't enter a


Nixonian retreat after his political defeat-he soon entered his new role as a salesman, poking


(




) gentle fun at his own inability to win.



The 1990s cultivation of an appreciation for failure was ideally timed since the 2000s have


made failure epidemic. Failure is not merely more common than success these days, it's also


more interesting.


1.



The best title that fits this passage is ________________.






A. How to turn failure into success








B. Failure is the new success






C. Failure should be avoided













D. Don't be afraid of failure





Correct answer: B



2.



What does






A. To get the car moving.












B. To tighten the parts of the car.






C. To turn failure into success.








D. To speed up the process of success.





Correct answer: C



3.








A. how to make first-class movies






B. failure is no longer necessary to success






C. how to resell the unsuccessful movies






D. failure is actually a necessary part of success





Correct answer: D



4.



What did Hugh Grant and Bob Dole tell us about failure?






A. One shouldn't be ashamed of one's failure.






















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B. One should feel ashamed of one's failure.






C. The notion of shame in failure is up-to-date.






D. Failure is an embarrassing thing.





Correct answer: A



5.



According to the author, failure _____________.






A. was predominant in 1990s









B. can also be fun






C. is less common than success







D. spread to the internet





Correct answer: B






Passage 8



Between


about


1910


and


1930,


new


artistic


movements


in


European


art


were


making


themselves felt in the United States. American artists became familiar with the new art on their


trips to Paris and at the exhibitions in the famous New York gallery (


美术馆


)


after its address on Fifth Avenue) of the photographer Alfred Stiegliz. But the most important


in the spread of the modern movements in the United States was the Armory Show of 1913


held in New York, in which the works of many of the leading European artists were seen along


with the works of a number of progressive American painters.


Most of the American modernists who were influenced by the Armory Show found the city


landscape, especially New York, an appealing subject. Compared with the works of the realist


painters,


the


works


of


American


modernists


were


much


further


removed


from


the


actual


appearance of the city; they were more interested in the


with the meaning behind appearance. However, both the painters of the


the


later


realists


were


still


tied


to


nineteenth-century


or


earlier


styles,


while


the


early





















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modernists shared in the international breakthroughs of the art of the twentieth century.


The greatest of these breakthroughs was Cubism (


立体派


) developed most fully in France


between


1907


and


1914,


which


brought


about


a


major


revolution


in


Western


painting.


It


fought


against


and


changed


the


rational


tradition


that


had


been


built


upon


since


the


Renaissance (


文艺复兴


). In Cubism, natural forms were broken down into shapes. No longer


was a clear difference made between the figure and the background of a painting: the objects


represented and the surface on which they were painted became one. The Cubists abandoned


the conventional point of view, and objects depicted from multiple viewpoints were shown at


the same time.


1.



With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?






A. The comparison between various painters.






B. The greatest breakthroughs of the Armory Show.






C. The exhibitions in the famous New York gallery.






D. The modern art movement in the United States.





Correct answer: D



2.



What was the most important in the spread of modern movements in the US?






A. The photographer Alfred Stiegliz.















B. The famous New York gallery 219.






C. The Armory Show of 1913 in New York.








D. The exhibitions of art in Europe.





Correct answer: C



3.



In what aspect did New York attract the modernists?






A. The exhibitions in shows.









B. The appearance of the city.






C. The feel of the city.













D. The galleries of modern art.





Correct answer: C






















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4.



What great breakthrough brought about a significant revolution in Western painting?






A. Cubism.
















B. The Ash Can School.






C. The Armory Show.








D. Modernism.





Correct answer: A



5.



What are unified in the art of the Cubists?






A. The traditions of modern and Renaissance art.






B. The figures in the foreground and background.






C. The natural forms of different shapes.






D. The viewer and the views he sees the art from.





Correct answer: B



Passage 9



It seems that the art of survival



or continual positive projection



in the world of popular


music these days, depends very much on change. If artists fail to recreate their image over and


over again



they risk facing criticisms of dullness; that they are not fashionable.


This phenomenon applies especially to the female ranks. It is not enough for an artist to be


beautiful and sexy. These characteristics too must be changed often, and remodeled to avoid


being bogged down by a stereotype.



One example of the rock


the trend. Her latest disc (


光盘


),


陈列


) her wonderful


popular songs and how she has so effectively been able to stay at the top without diminishing


(


降低


) credibility (


信誉


) in her particular field. (For these purposes, we will forget her unworthy





















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play about sex and that horrible book.)


This collection demonstrates how she has toned down her image at relevant (


相关的


) times to


give contrast and definition to her career. But it offers more than simply a study in rock fashion


history. There is also a solid assortment (


混合物


) of quality music.


It opens with the newest


which quickly moves back in time to her earlier songs:


Playground


So this is more than an exploitative (


利用的


) offering.


1.



This article is primarily ________.






A. a review of Madonna's new record






B. a review of Madonna's life story






C. an analysis of Madonna's success in Hollywood






D. a review of Madonna's career





Correct answer: A



2.



The main point of Paragraph 1 is to tell the reader that artists need to ________.






A.


keep


an


image


that


the


public


knows


and


loves








B.


recreate


themselves


to


survive






C. avoid being dull at all costs























D. stay sexy to survive





Correct answer: B



3.



How would you describe the writer's attitude towards Madonna?






A. Basically critical.





B. Negative.




C. Generally favourable.




D. Uncritically admiring.





Correct answer: C



4.



In Paragraph 5 the main point ________.






















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A. is to suggest that the record is a waste of money






B. is to describe some stories from Madonna's past






C. is to introduce Madonna's new record






D. is to detail the contents of the new record





Correct answer: D



5.



In paragraph 2,






A. Enhanced.







B. Improved.







C. Restricted.







D. Bothered.





Correct answer: C






Passage 10



Engineering students are supposed to be examples of technical skill and logic, but when it


comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an


electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a


college with a large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of good labs and


research equipment. But that's not what I did.


I choose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university that doesn't even offer a major


in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble


reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system


to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interaction with


people who weren't studying science or engineering.


I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went


to big engineering


going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive scholar all in one.





















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Now I'm not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all


noble


ideals


eventually


do.


After


three


years


of


struggling


to


balance


math,


physics


and


engineering


courses


with


liberal-arts


courses,


I


have


learned


there


are


reasons


why


few


engineering students try to reconcile (


调和


) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.


The


reality


that


has


blocked


my


path


to


become


the


typical


successful


student


is


that


engineering


and


the


liberal


arts


simply


don't


mix


as


easily


as


I


assumed


in


high


school.


Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The


struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.


1.



The


author


chose


to


study


engineering


at


a


small


liberal-arts


university


because


he


________.






A. wanted to be an example of technical skill and logic






B. intended to be a combination of engineer and scholar






C. wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college






D. intended to be a sensible student with noble ideas





Correct answer: B



2.



According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering


students can ________.






A. balance engineering and the liberal arts







B. receive guidance in their careers






C. become noble idealists




















D. broaden their horizons





Correct answer: D



3.



In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected ________.






A. to have an excellent academic record






B. to be wise and mature






















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C. to be creative with a value system to guide him






D. to be a technical genius with a wide vision





Correct answer: D



4.



The author's experience shows that he was ________.






A. creative







B. ambitious







C. unrealistic







D. irrational





Correct answer: C



5.



The word






A. engineering and the liberal arts







B. reality and noble ideals






C. flexibility and a value system








D. technical skill and logic





Correct answer: A






Passage 11



As a Canadian bilingual (


双语的


) teacher, I agree that the Canadian bilingual schools have


been


successful


in


producing


functionally


bilingual


students.


However,


Mr.


Whelpton's


suggested condition that teachers in these schools must be fully bilingual may be unnecessary.


For example, primary teachers can and do function with a smaller vocabulary than secondary


teachers.


Secondly, it is doubtful that students will use English because they


objective


of


making


English


the


language


of


the


classroom


which


is


a


rather


sterile


explanation.


One


reason


that


Canadian


bilingual


programs


work


is


because


of


the


commitment to Whole Language Learning, that is, children learn a language, (first or second),


by using it to transmit (


播送


) or receive meaningful messages that are interesting, real and


important. They want to make their needs and desires known and to understand the world





















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around


them.


Bilingual


programs


integrate


language


and


content


in


an


activity-based,


child-centered manner so that the child is motivated to use the second language as a tool to


transmit and receive messages related to social and academic interests.


Mr. Whelpton's third argument that all the students in one class need to be at approximately


the same level of English proficiency (


熟练


) when they switch to English is unrealistic and


unprofitable.


How


does


a


teacher


group


children


who


have


a


huge


vocabulary


but


poor


grammar skills with others who have correct grammar but a poor vocabulary? Also, suppose


the


students


have


similar


language


abilities


but


different


learning


styles!


Therefore


the


concept


of


Cooperative


Learning:


students


with


a


mixture


of


personalities,


talents


and


weaknesses (a more realistic reflection of life) learn better as they cooperate (


合作


), instead of


compete, and depend on each other for support and information.


1.



How would you describe the writer's style?






A. Written in an academic style.






B. Written in a journalistic style.






C. Written in a personal style.








D. Written on the basis of widespread research in


the area.





Correct answer: C



2.



How would you describe the writer's attitude towards the Canadian bilingual programs?






A. Balanced.






B. Unenthusiastic.






C. Supportive.






D. Critical.





Correct answer: C



3.



In Paragraph 1 the writer ________.






A. agrees completely with Mr. Whelpton's argument






B. agrees partially with Mr. Whelpton's argument






C. disagrees completely with Mr. Whelpton's argument






















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D. is overwhelmingly critical of Mr. Whelpton's argument





Correct answer: B



4.



In Paragraph 2






A. uninformative






B. unusual






C. exaggerated






D. uninspiring





Correct answer: D



5.



According to the writer the Canadian bilingual programs have been a success ________.






A. because students accept the objective of making English the language of the classroom






B. because students study in classrooms where everybody is at about the same level






C. because the students can use their first language freely






D. because they work towards real life goals





Correct answer: D






Passage 12



On July 17, 1774, the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the


Six Nations. The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College. In a letter the


next day they refused the offer as follows:



that the cost of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. We


are convinced that you mean to do good by your proposal; and we thank you heartily. But you


must


know


that


different


nations


have


different


ways


of


looking


at


things,


and


you


will


therefore not be offended if our opinions on this kind of education happen not to be the same


as yours. We have had some experience of it. Several of our young people were formerly


brought up at the colleges of the northern states; they were taught all your sciences; but when





















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they came back to us they were bad runners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods,


they were totally good for nothing.



to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons,


we will take care of their education, teach them in all we know and make men of them.


1.



This passage is about ______.






A. the talk between the Indians and the officials






B. the colleges of the northern states






C. the educational values of Indians






D. the problems of the Americans in the mid- eighteenth century





Correct answer: C



2.



The Indians' chief purpose in writing the letter is probably to _______.






A. politely refuse a friendly offer








B. express their opinions on equal treatment






C. show their pride



















D. describe Indian customs





Correct answer: A



3.



According to the letter, the Indians believed that ______.






A. it would be better for their boys to receive some schooling






B. they were being insulted by the offer






C. they knew more about science than the officials






D. they had a better way of educating young men





Correct answer: D



4.



Different from the official's view of education, the Indians thought ______.






A. young women should also be educated



























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B. they had different goals of education






C. they taught different branches of science








D. they should teach the sons of the officials first





Correct answer: B



5.



The tone of the letter as a whole is best described as ______.






A. angry






B. pleasant






C. polite






D. positive





Correct answer: C






Passage 13



In the old days, when the sight of a woman in the office was looked upon as something


shocking enough to distract others in the workplace, secretaries were men.


Then came the First World War and the male secretaries were replaced by women. A man's


secretary became his personal servant, charged with remembering his wife's birthday and


buying her presents; taking his suits to the dry-cleaners; telling lies on the telephone to keep


people he did not wish to speak to away; and, of course, typing, filing and taking shorthand.


Now all this may be changing again. High technology is sweeping the British office, taking


away much of the daily office work that secretaries used to do.



involve only the high powered work



and then men will want to do it again.


That


was


said


by


one


of


the


executives


(male)


of


one


of


the


biggest


secretarial


(


秘书的


)


agencies in this country. What he has predicted is already under way in the US.


Once high technology has made secretarial work less routine, will men take all of these jobs?


Men should be careful of thinking that they can walk right into the better jobs. There are a lot





















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of women secretaries who will do the job as well as do



not just because they can buy gifts


for the boss's wife, but because they are as efficient and trained to cope with word processors


and computers as men.


1.



Before the First World War, female secretaries were rare because they ___________.






A. were replaced by men







B. were not as serious as men






C. were personal servants






D. were thought to distract others





Correct answer: D



2.



A. order her boss' servants
















B. clean her boss's clothes






C. do everything her boss asked her to







D. telephone her boss's wife





Correct answer: C



3.



Secretaries, until recently, had to do a lot of work now done by ________.






A. machines






B. other staff






C. servants






D. wives





Correct answer: A



4.



A secretary in the future will _________.






A. be better paid













B. have higher status






C. have less work to do







D. have more work to do





Correct answer: B



5.



The writer believes that before long _________.






A. both men and women will be secretaries






B. men will do better than machines






C. men will take over women's job as secretaries






D. women will operate most office machines





Correct answer: A





















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Passage 14



Light, above all else, plays the most important role in picture making; it is the very being of


painting, for without it there is no color, no modeling, no shapes, nothing. Coupled with light


are the shadows it casts. How often does one notice a painting that may be quite delicately


worked, full of details and interest but for all these points it remains a dull, sorry sight? The


reason can often be that the light and shade have just not been observed and rendered with


truth.


This seeing of light and shade in landscapes does need practice; there can be many shades


and gentle features that can be unnoticed. Still, it will not be just a matter of highlights (



彩色


) and deep shade. There will be half-tones (


中间色调


), reflected lights to be sought out


and registered.


Deep shade can be deceptive (


造成假象的


)



it is no good just dismissing it as a matter of a


dark flat area of color. It is what the artist can paint of the things going on in shadowed areas


that marks his class. Take a look at a picture such as The Adoration of


the Shepherds by


Rembrandt. Within the dark passages are subtle forms, all indicated with as much care as


those in the strongly-lit places.


There is an Italian word chiaroscuro that means the study of light and shade. This concern with


the effects of both can be seen in the handling of many masters.


Seeing the actual effects of light and shade is one side of the study



the other is to train the


eye to decide exactly what colors are in them. Once more, whenever possible, turn to look at


those who have succeeded in the past with the particular problem that is puzzling you.


1.



According to the passage, there is another important thing that goes together with light





















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in picture making. What is it?






A. It is the color that the painter uses in the picture.






B. It is the shapes of things that the painter paints in the picture.






C. It is the modeling in the picture.






D. It is the shadows that the light casts.





Correct answer: D



2.



According to the passage, a good painter _______.






A. paints deep shade as a dark flat area of color






B. paints strongly-lit forms in the shaded parts






C. pays careful attention to his dark areas






D. pays more care to the strongly-lit parts





Correct answer: C



3.



What are the two sides of chiaroscuro?






A. Studying both light and shade.






B. Studying how light and shade affect things.






C. Studying the colors in light and shade.






D. Studying the effects of light and shade and the colors in them.





Correct answer: A



4.



What does the writer suggest to a painter who is having problems?






A. He should learn by trial and error (


差错


).






B. He should study the old masters.






C. He should be careful about mixing his paints together.






D. He should observe his work carefully.






















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Correct answer: B






Passage 15



After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good


news to report: The damage and death toll (


死亡人数


) could have been much worse.


More


than


60


people


died


in


this


earthquake.


By


comparison,


an


earthquake


of


similar


intensity (


强度


) that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims.


Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m.


on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highways. In addition, changes made to the


construction codes (


准则


) in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's


buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.


Despite


the


good


news,


civil


engineers


aren't


resting


on


their


successes.


Pinned


to


their


drawing boards are blueprints (


蓝图


) for improved quake- resistant buildings. The new designs


should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place.


In the past, making structures quake- resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel


and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation,


and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of


ground vibrations (


振动


). The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete


and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an


earthquake's vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer


would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.


The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many


lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.





















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1.



One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is


that ________.






A. new computers had been built into the buildings






B. it occurred in the residential (


居住的


) areas rather than on the highways






C. large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holiday






D. improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways




Correct answer: D



2.



The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to ________.






A. counterbalance (


抵消


) an earthquake's action on the building






B. predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracy






C. help strengthen the foundation of the building






D. measure the impact of an earthquake's vibrations





Correct answer: A



3.



The smart buildings discussed in the passage ________.






A. would cause serious financial problems






B. would be worthwhile though costly






C. would increase the complexity of architectural desig


n






D. can reduce the ground vibrations caused by earthquakes





Correct answer: B




4.



It


can


be


inferred


from


the


passage


that


in


minimizing


the


damage


caused


earthquakes attention should be focused on ________.






A. the increasing use of rubber and steel in capital construction






B. the development of flexible building materials






















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C. the reduction of the impact of ground vibrations






D. early forecasts of earthquakes





Correct answer: C



5.



The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to ________.






A. compare the consequences of the earthquakes that occurred in the US






B. encourage civil engineers to make more extensive use of computers






C. outline the history of the development of quake-resistant building materials






D. report new developments in constructing quake-resistant buildings





Correct answer: D






Passage 16



Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products


and services that are in limited supply are rationed (


供应



分发


) among buyers. The price


system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the


products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad (


极大数量


) of services,


including


labor,


professions,


transportation,


and


public-utility

(






)


services.


The


interrelationship of all these prices makes up the system of prices. The price of any particular


product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything


seems to depend more or less upon everything else.


If one were to ask a group of randomly (


任意地


) selected individuals to define price, many


would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or


service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon


in


market


transaction.


This


definition


is,


of


course,


valid


as


far


it


goes.


For


a


complete





















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understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the money involved


must be known. Both the buyer and seller should be familiar with not only the money amount,


but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place


at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be


used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees (


保证


) on the


product or service, delivery terms, return privilege, and other factors. In other words, both the


buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that compose the


total


being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given


price.


1.



What is the best title for the passage?






A. The Inherent Weaknesses of the Price System.






B. The Complexities of the Price System.






C. Credit Terms in Transactions.






D. Resource Distribution and the Public Sector.





Correct answer: B



2.



According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to _____.






A. labor and education







B. transportation and insurance






C. utilities and repairs







D. products and services





Correct answer: D



3.



According


to


the


passage,


which


if


the


following


is


NOT


a


factor


in


the


complete


understanding of price?






A. Instructions that come with a product.






B. The quantity of a product.






















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C. The quality of a product.





D. Warranties (


保修证书


) that cover a product.





Correct answer: A



4.



In the last sentence, the word






A. return privileges









B. buyers and sellers






C. money and credits







D. all the factors





Correct answer: B



5.



The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses ______.






A. unusual ways to advertise products






B. types of payment plans for service






C. theories about how products affect different levels of society






D. how certain elements of a price





Correct answer: D






Passage 17



I'm 90 years old. The advantage of being 90 is that you can look forward to death. The world


is getting noisier, sexier and more horrible by the minute, but at least I can comfort myself


with the fact that the end is in sight. Or so I thought. Imagine my anger when I opened the


newspaper and discovered they were going to make us live till 130. When you're 60 or 70 the


thought of death crosses your mind like a shadow. It disturbs you, it worries you. But by the


time you reach my age you hope for it.


My body is dying on me. It's horrible. You start to smell



the smell of death



and you can do


nothing about it. I can no longer see properly. You go deaf, and people talk to you as if you're





















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a child. Your legs give up on you. Nowadays I spend so much time working out how to avoid


making the trip downstairs more than once a day. When I do get out, I can barely walk more


than a few yards



and according to those who know me, I'm lucky in good shape for my 90


years.


Ah, but the world would be so much wiser, some people say. I'm afraid that's an illusion. As we


get older, we lose our wisdom, our mind, and even our language. We would have a world in


which no one could communicate because we'd have forgotten how to.


No. The absolute nothingness of death is something to look forward to. If I discovered a


medicine to make people live until 130, the first thing I'd do is to bury it.


1.



What is the advantage of being 90 years old?






A. You can become sexier.













B. You can look forward to death.






C. You can enjoy the world more.








D. You can hear less noise.





Correct answer: B



2.



Why did the speaker get angry?






A. He learned people will live longer.








B. He learned people will be noisier.






C. He learned people will become sexy.






D. He learned people will think about death.





Correct answer: A



3.



Why is the speaker lucky, according to some?






A. He doesn't have to walk much.








B. He doesn't need to listen to others.






C. He is in good health for his age.







D. He is much wiser than before.





Correct answer: C



4.



What is an






A. That the world has become a better place.






















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B. That the world has become sexier and noisier.






C. That old people are happy to live longer lives.






D. That old people are wiser than they were before.





Correct answer: D



5.



What would he do with a medicine that makes life longer?






A. Live 130 years.









B. Become wiser.






C. Forget where it is.







D. Bury the medicine.





Correct answer: D



Unit 6 Part 18 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice)



Directions: Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four


choices marked A, B, C and D.






Passage 18



The cost of helping someone with AIDS drugs is high. Pills cost a lot of money. In Africa, AIDS


drugs may cost more than a person makes in one year. At the same time, some American


hospitals throw away a lot of pills. One man, named Lee Wildes, didn't think this was fair, so


he decided to do something about it.


Wildes lives in a small apartment in San Francisco. Every month, he sends AIDS drugs, which


would've been thrown away, to Africa. His act of kindness has not been noticed much in his


home country. In Africa though, he is well known. Many people in Africa send him e-mails,


asking him for the medicine they need.


Lee was a nurse. He knows that millions of dollars worth of drugs are thrown away. Five years





















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ago he learned he was sick with HIV


. Following this discovery, he took a vacation to Africa and


saw many people there with AIDS. His visit caused him to begin sending drugs to Africa.


Lee talks with doctors in Africa by mail, e-mail and telephone. With their help, he has gotten


the names and addresses for a hundred people in six African countries. He fills the pill orders


and he records what pills he sends to them. He even returns to Africa, once a year, to see the


people he's helping.


Giving left over drugs away is against the law, as is giving out drugs without a license. However,


it is not likely he'll be taken to court for his kindly efforts. People who have discovered his


actions have not caused problems for him. They know that 25 million Africans are sick with


AIDS, and they don't want to prevent him from helping.


1.



Why aren't more Africans taking AIDS drugs?






A. They don't want to take something that was thrown away.






B. They don't think that the drugs work.






C. They can't work when taking them.






D. They don't have enough money.





Correct answer: D



2.



What does Wildes do every month?






A. Mail medicines to Africa.







B. Take a trip to Africa.






C. Throw away AIDS drugs.







D. Send e-mails to Africans.





Correct answer: A



3.



What did Wildes learn five years ago?






A. Drugs are thrown away.









B. He has AIDS.






C. Africans need drugs.












D. Hospitals are not fair.






















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Correct answer: B



4.



With whom does Wildes have phone conversations?






A. A San Francisco nurse.








B. 100 sick Africans.






C. American doctors.












D. African doctors.





Correct answer: D



5.



What do people think of Wildes' actions?






A. They think he shouldn't break the law.







B. They think he is doing good work.






C. They think he will be taken to court.








D. They think he is prevented from helping.





Correct answer: B






Passage 19



The great river Nile (


尼罗河


) flows gently in its course through the hot plains in the first half


of the year but later on when the melting (


融化


) snows and the rains on the mountains far to


the south swell its tributaries (


支流


), the Nile overflows (


泛滥


). It spreads rich, muddy (


泥泞的


)


soil from Ethiopia over its valley and forms deep stretches of green, fertile (


肥沃的


) lands along


its banks. The settlers found that in the soft rich earth wheat and other crops could be planted,


even without the use of the plough, and they began to make many settlements of farmers.


In these early times they did not of course understand why the river overflowed each year. But


they knew that their crops and, therefore, their lives, depended upon its magic (


魔术似的


)


floods, and they explained the miracle as the work of gods.


But there came some years when there was a


and did not bring enough soil; the crops were poor and the people starved. At other times the


waters were so great that they destroyed houses and villages, and drowned (


淹死


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beasts (


牲畜


). It took perhaps many centuries before the farmers learned how to control the


Nile waters.


Wise men among them watching the position of the stars year by year found that they could


predict when the annual rising of the Nile would come. Thus they began to learn about the


scientific study of the sun, earth, moon, and stars and could make a calendar of the years. They


also learnt how to measure out the land so that it could be divided fairly again after the


boundaries of the farms had been washed away by great floods. In this way, there came about


ancient knowledge of engineering and of geometry.


1.



We can learn from this passage that the Nile is ______.






A. always a gentle flowing river






B. hot in the first half of the year but cold later on






C. likely to overflow at unknown times of the year






D. a life-giving river that makes the land rich





Correct answer: D



2.



The settlers began farming in the Nile valley because ______.






A. they discovered that their crops could grow well in the soil there






B. they did not realize that the river would overflow sometimes






C. they found many settlements of farmers in the valley






D. they realized that their crops depended on the floods





Correct answer: A



3.



The Nile was called the






A. the floods made the river difficult to control






B. the floods could only be predicted by wise men






















.



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.


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专业


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专注


.





C. the river sometimes flooded too little or too much






D. the river took the good soil away to Ethiopia





Correct answer: C



4.



The Egyptians of that time learned to predict the floods by _______.






A. studying the flooding of the Nile year by year






B. observing the position of the stars year by year






C. inventing some maps of the Nile floods






D. developing engineering and measuring land





Correct answer: B



5.



According to the passage, the ancient Egyptians ________.






A. had studied the stars and made their own calendar of the years






B. watched the fall and rise of the Nile and learned how to control the flood






C. discovered science before the peoples of other nations






D. learned a lot about geometry and spread the knowledge all over the world





Correct answer: A






Passage 20



I don't have a strong village feeling. There is a little pub and that is where most people go,


although I tend to avoid it. The village always wants to know what you are doing and if you


don't have too much contact with it in the pub, then they don't learn too much. I just keep


them guessing.


The new people want a great community center. People who have just arrived in a village


always want to do something in it or to it. What exactly they are going to have in this center





















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.


I don't know. They keep talking about


公共设施


). I suppose they mean a car-park


and a big smart room. The young village people don't want this. When their work is over they


want to go off in their cars to the bright lights of Ipswich. The new people are often just


kidding themselves that they are real village people. They don't just want to be accepted; they


really want to take over the traditions. This is why they have come to live in a village. They


want to do things


villager


got the wit (


才智


) to make enough money to come and live comfortably in the country, and


have a centrally-heated house and a car, should want to put on entertainment in a hut (


小屋


).


These people are just playing at village life



kidding themselves that they are genuine country


folk. They wear us out. When their work is done they want to play in the village and when our


work is done we want to play outside it. I suppose that sums it up.


1.



We can learn from this passage that the writer ______.






A. doesn't learn about what village people are doing






B. tells the other village people about the pub






C. never tells people anything about himself






D. doesn't often go to the village pub





Correct answer: D



2.



According to the passage, the young village people _______.






A. want their pleasure outside the village







B. don't like going to the community


center






C. don't like the new people

















D. want to see the latest group in the village





Correct answer: A






















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3.



In the writer's opinion, the new people _______.






A. want to get rid of the old ways of the village






B. want to be left alone by people in the village






C. know that they aren't accepted by people in the village






D. do things that change the village from how it is





Correct answer: D



4.



The old village people _______.






A. don't want to get rid of their old things for new things






B. are not ready to accept the new people in their village






C. want a new community center with a place to park






D. want to go back to their own traditions





Correct answer: A



5.



It can be inferred from this passage that the author _______.






A. likes to play at village life












B. disagrees with the new people






C. likes laughing at the new people







D. wants the new people to go away





Correct answer: B






Passage 21



Do you find getting


up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called


laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily


energy cycle.


During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you're


The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its





















.



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peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon (


午前


). For others it comes in the


afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar


monologues (


独白


) as:


to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and- energy peak in the evening. Much family


quarreling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which


cycle each member of the family has.


You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can


help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late


anyway. Counteract (


阻碍


) your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you


want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the


day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and


work better at your low point.



Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn (


呵欠


) and stretch.


Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Whenever possible,


do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration (




) for your sharper hours.


1.



If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ______.






A. he is a lazy person






B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle






C. he is not sure when his energy is low






D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening





Correct answer: D






















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