农业科技英语翻译

What Is Biology

The science of biology is, broadly speaking , the study of living draws

on chemistry and physics for its foundation and applies these basic physical laws to

living things. Because there are many kinds of living things, there are

many special

areas

of

study

in

biology.

Practical

biology

—

like

medicine,

crop

science,

plant

breeding, and wildlife management

–

is

balanced

by more theoretical

biology

—

such

as medical microbiological physiology, photosynthetic biochemistry, plant taxonomy,

and

animal

behavior

(ethology).

There

is

also

just

plain

fun

biology

like

insect

collecting and bird watching. Specifically, biology is a science that deals with living

things and how they interact with all of the things around them.

Biology was defined as the science that deals with livings. But what does it mean

to be alive? You would think that a biology textbook could answer this question very

easily. However, this question is more than just a theoretical one, since it has become

necessary

in

recent

years

to

construct

some

legal

definitions

of

what

life

is

and

especially when it begins and ends. The legal definition of death is important since it

may determine whether or not a person will receive life insurance benefits or if body

parts may be used in transplants. In case of heart transplants, the person donating the

heart

may

be

legally

―

dead

‖

,

but

the

heart

certainly

isn

’

t

since

it

can

be

removed

while it still has

―

life

‖

. In other words ,there are different kinds of death. There is the

death

of

the

whole

living

unit

and

the

death

of

each

cell

within

the

living

unit.

A

person actually

―

dies

‖

before every cell has died. Death ,then, is the absence of life,

but that still doesn

’

t tell us what life is. At this point, we won

’

t try to define life but

will describe some of the basic characteristics of living things.

生物科学，

广泛的 说，

即是对活的生物的研究。

它利用化学和物理学为基础

并将这些自然法则应用到生物中。

.

由于生物 多样性的存在，生物学中有很多特

殊的研究领域。一些实用生物学，例如医学，作物学， 植物育种学和野生动物管

理学，已经同很多例如医学微生物生理学，光合生物化学，植物 分类法，动物行

为学的理论生物学形成均势。

还有一些仅仅由兴 趣产生的简单的生物学，

像昆虫

收集和观察鸟类。

具体来讲，

生物学是研究生物以及生物与生物及生物与环境之

间相互作用的科学。

生物学被定义为研究活的生物体 。

那就意味着必须得是活的物体么？你可能

会认为一本生物学课 本可以很简单的回答这个问题。

然而，

最近几年，

在创立一

些合法的定义例如什么是生命，

特别是何时 为生何时为死方面，

这个问题已经成

为了必需的部分，因此，它 已经不仅仅是理论问题了。法律对死的定义很重要，

它将决定一个人是否能够获得人寿保 险的赔偿或者一个身体器官是否可以用于

移植。

以心脏移植为例 ，

捐献心脏的人必须是法律上的死亡，

但是既然能够移植，

心脏肯定不是死的，所以它还是“活”的。换句话说，死亡可以有很多种。有些

是所有的生命单位都死亡，

还有生命单元中的每个细胞都死亡。

一个人的其实在

所有的细胞都死亡之前已经死了。

死 亡，

生命的缺失，

但仍没有告诉我们什么是

生。因此，我们不会试图定义什么是生，但会描述活的生命的一些基本特征。

The Value of Biology

To

a

great

extent,

we

owe

our

current

high

standard

of

living

to

biological

advances in two areas: food production and disease control. Plant and animal breeders

have

developed

plants

and

animals

that

provide

better

sources

of

food

than

the

original varieties. One of the best examples of this is the various changes that have

occurred in corn. Corn is a grass that produces its seed on a cob. The original corn

plant

had

very

small

ears

that

were

perhaps

only

three

or

four

centimeters

long.

Through selective breeding, varieties of corn with much larger ears and more seeds

per cob have been produced. This has increased the yield greatly. In addition, the corn

plant has been adapted to produce other kinds of corn, like sweet corn and popcorn..

Corn is not an isolated example. Improvement in yield have been brought about

in

wheat,

rice

oats,

and

other

cereal

grains.

The

improvements

in

the

plants,

along

with

changed

farming

practices(also

brought

about

through

biological

experimentation),have led to greatly increased production of food.

Animal

breeders

have

also

had

great

successes.

The

pig,

chicken,

and

cow

of

today are much different animals from those available even one hundred years ago.

Chickens lay more eggs, dairy cows give more milk, and beef cattle grow faster. All

of

these

improvements

raise

our

standard

of

living.

One

interesting

example

is

the

change in the kinds of hogs that are raised At one time, farmers wanted pigs that were

fatty. The fat could be made into lard, soap, and a variety of other useful products. As

the

demand

for

the

fat

products

of

pigs

began

to

decline,

animal

breeders

began

to

develop pigs that gave a high yield of meat and relatively little fat. Today, plant and

animal breeders can produce plants and animals almost to specifications.

在很大程度上，