-
Unit 12
词汇篇
_________________________________________
______________________________________
__________________________________________________
_____________________________
第十二单元重点单词和句型
词语解析：
cted
用作形容词，意为“出乎意料的；始料不及的”。是由形容词
expecte
d(
意料的
)
加前缀
< br>eep
oversleep
是动词，意为“睡过头；睡
得太久”，是合成词，由
over(
超过
)+sleep
(
睡觉
)
构成，其
过去式和过去分词都是
oversle
pt
。
the time
(1)by the
time
意为“不迟于；在……之前”，相当于
not
later than (a time)
或
before<
/p>
，可
用于一般将来时或者过去完成时。
(2) by the
time
意为“到……时为止；到……时”，注重时间的截止。
happened?
发生了什么事？
happen
指偶然的、没有预料的“发生”，其结果往往给人
带来不幸或麻烦。
【拓展】
(1) happen to
sb./sth.
指某人或某物发生什么事。
(2)happen to do
sth.
表示“碰巧做某事”。
(3)It happened
that…意为“碰巧……”。
sb.a lift
该短语意为“捎某人一程”，书面语。与
give
sb.a
ri
de
< br>意思相同，只不过该短语常用于口语中。
ery
discovery
用作名词，意为“发现；发觉”。其动词
形式为
discover
，意为“发现”。
marry
作及物动词，意为
“嫁、娶；与……结婚”。其常用法有：
(1)marry
sb.
意为“和某人结婚；嫁给某人”。
(2)marry…to…意为“将……嫁给……”。
构成。
【拓展】
get married
结婚；
be/get married to
和……结婚
【注意】
marry
和
get married
都是终止性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如果表示结婚
一段时间，应
该用
be married
。
cancel
用作动词，
意为“取消；
终止”。
其过去式和过去分词可以
是
canceled
，
也可以是
cancelled
。
able
believable
作
形容词，意为“可相信的；可信任的”。其动词形式为
believe
< br>，意为“相信”；其
反义词为
unbelievable
意为“难以置信的”。
ear
disappear
用作动词，意为“消失；不见”。其反义
词为
appear
，意为“出现”。
11
.Many April Fool’s jokes
may end up being not very
funny.许多愚人节玩笑的结局并非十
分好玩。
end
up
意为“结束；以……告终”，后接介词或动名词。
(1)
作名词，意为“白痴；傻瓜”。
(2)
作动词，意为“欺骗；愚弄”。
【拓展】其形容词形式为
foolish
，意为“傻的；愚蠢的”。
的用法
in
vite
作及物动词，其用法主要有：
(1)invite sb.t
o
sth.
意为“邀请某人去……”。
(2)invite do
sth.
意为“邀请某人做某事”。
(3)invite some
place
意为“邀请某人去某地”。
【拓展】
invitationn.
邀请
14.
辨析
embarrass
ing
与
embarrassed
(
1)embarrassing
意为“使人尴尬的；令人为难的”，主语一般指物。
(2)embarrassed
意为“窘
迫的；害羞的”，主语一般是人。
dressed
get dressed
意为“穿衣”，由
< br>get+dressed
这一过去分词构成，类似的用法还有：get
lost“迷
路”；get caught in the
rain“困在雨中”等。
【拓展】
get dressed in+
颜色
/
衣服；
dress
sb.
意为“给某人穿衣服”。
e
party
该短语意为“化装舞会”
about to do sth.
be about
to do sth.
是一种表示将来的结构，这种结构表现为“眼前的；眼下的”将来
，即很快、
马上就要发生，不能与时间状语连用。
【链接】
be going to do sth.
也是将来时的一种结构，但其表示“即将；打算”做什么，其后可以
与时间
状语连用。
stared in disbelief
at the black smoke rising above the burning buildi
ng.
我们直愣
愣地盯着燃烧着的大楼上升起的黑烟，无法相信
。
(1)stare
表示“(目不转
睛地
)
盯着瞧；凝视”的意思，是不及物动词，当接宾语时需要
用介词
at
来引入所注视的内容。
(2)
介词短语
in
disbelief
用来表示人们持有怀疑、疑虑的态度，常与
stare
at
sb.,shake
one’s
head
等搭配使用。
(3)on,over,above
的辨析
三个词都表示“在……上”的意思。其区别是：
①on
表示“在……上面”，物体与物体之间互相接触。
②over
强调垂直的正上方。
③above
表示“在……上方”，只表示在某物上的高低位置
，且互不接触。
既可以用作连词，
又可以用作介词，表示“到；直到”谓语动作或状态延续的时间终点。因为，肯
定句中的
谓语必须是延续性动词。若主句是瞬间动词，则主句的动词要用否定形式，或含有否定意
义的词，意为“直到……才……”。
重点句式
1. By the
time I got up, my brother had already gotten in
the shower.
当我起床时，我哥哥已经进了浴室了。
2. By the time I got outside, the bus
had already gone.
当我出来时，公汽已经走了。
3.
When I got to school, I realized I had left my
backpack at home.
当我到达学校时，我才意识到我把背包忘在家里了。
4. By the time I walked into class, the
teacher had started teaching already.
当我走进教室时，老师已经开始讲课了。
5. By the time I arrived at the party,
everyone else had already showed up.
当我到达晚会时，
其他的每个人都已经到了。
6.
When he put the noodles into the bowl, he realized
he had forgotten to add the green
beans.
当他把面条放进碗里时，他意识到他忘了添加绿豆荚了。
7. Before she got a chance to say
goodbye, he had gone into the building.
在她得到一个向他告别的机会之前，他已经进入楼房了。
was such an _______joke that everyone
felt really .
A. embarrassing;
embarrassed B. embarrassed; embarrassing
C. embarrassed; embarrassed D.
embarrassing; embarrassing
’s new books
are very were _______in an hour.
out
up
off
out
3.
—
Will you take
part in the football game on Sunday afternoon?
—
Yes,but it has been
_______because of the rain.
d
lled
led
4.
—
Look!What is
over there?
—
It may be a
plane flying_______the sky.
aunt
always hopes to _______a doctor.
to
married
解析：
1.B.
Embarrassed
尴尬地
;
embarrassing
令人尴尬的
out
卖光，
show up
炫耀，
put
off
推迟
took
out
取出
l
取消，
refuse
拒绝
,con
trol
控制
,serve
服务
4.D.
辨别介词
in,in the sky
sb/get married to sb
嫁娶
sb
基础演练
I.
用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。
invite, embarrassed, fool, costume,
happen
1.I felt like a
_______when I realized my mistake.
wears a beautiful _______at the party.
Sunday my friend _______me to her birthday party.
’s
go and see what is
_______over there.
married
5.I was very _______at the
party because I wore the wrong clothes.
II.
根据汉语提示完成英语句子，每空一词。
1.I left for the train station when my
alarm clock_______ _______
(
发出响声
).
2.
.Don’t _______ _______
(熬夜
) too late, or you will feel
t
ired in class.
3
.Mike didn’t _______
_______ (露面
) until 2:00 in the
afternoon.
4..The _______ _______
(
化装舞会
) was exciting.
Everyone had a lot of fun.
Jack
_______ _______ (
穿上衣服
),he
went out with a camera.
III.
词汇运用。
A)
根据句意及首字母提示写出正确的单词。
1
.I ate two delicious apple
p______at Tony’s home yesterday.
!There are something strange
a______the sky.
you ever been
f______by your classmates?
had to
c______the plan because you made a wrong decision.
students were playing soccer when the
bell r______.
B)
用括号内所给单词的适当形
式填空。
______ (lady) like
dancing on the square every night.
2.I
can see some ______ (work) building a new bridge.
boy wants to be an ______ (office)
when he grows up.
animals and plants
______ (appear) in the area because of pollution.
’s too______ (expected).I
dar
e not to believe the result.
IV.
根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
1.
王先生碰巧开车路过，但是不幸的是，他并没捎我一程。
happened to drive past,but
unluckily,he didn’t______ ______ ______
______.
2.
她疑惑地摇摇头，不相信。
She shook her head______ ______.
3.
他今天早上没有参加会议。
He didn’t______ ______in the
me
eting this morning.
4.
你要的书都卖完了。
The books you ask for are all ______
______.
5.
校运会下周举行。
The school s
ports meeting
will______ ______next week.
答案：
e d ing
assed
off up up e party dressed
III.
A)
B)
s r ear cted
me a lift disbelief up
out place
巩固提高
I.
单项选择。
1.I have refused such a good job. I’m
really a(n
) _______.
didn’t wake up
even though her alarm clock _______.
off
off
off
off
invited me
_______to her house for dinner this
week
end.
A. to going
B. went
C.
to go
D. go
4.
—
Did you see
Tom at the airport?
—
No. His
plane _______by the time I _______there.
A. has taken off; got
B.
took off; had got
C. took
off; got
D.
had
taken off; got
waited for for nearly
two hours until she_______in the end.
up
up
up
up
wounded
fish is swimming in the is still_______ .
didn’t find
out
seats_______the play had begun.
e
had
better
hurry
or
we’ll
be
late
for
the
plane
will_______in
a
few
minutes.
up
down
II.
根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
1.
所有的花在两小时内卖完了。
All the flowers were_______ _______in
two hours.
2.
我们打算出去，但是最终在家看英
语录像片。
We were going
out,but_______ _______watching English language
videos at home.
3.
你的叔叔什么时候结的婚？
When did your uncle_______ _______?
4.
锻炼能帮助人们减肥。
Exercising can help people_______
_______.
5.
去年我的故乡发生了很大的变化。
Great changes_______ _______in my
hometown last year.
Ⅳ.根据汉语意思完成英语句
子，每空一词。
6.
当地
震发生的时候，一些人仓促地跑出了大楼。
Some
people________ ________ the building when the
earthquake happened.
7.
天冷了，你应该穿上你的外套。
off
away
It’s
cold. You
should________ ________your coat.
8.
我的女儿一听到闹钟响，总是起床穿衣。
My daughter always gets up and gets
dressed as soon as her alarm
clock____
____ ________.
9.
是上班的时候了，我能搭你的车吗？
It’s time to go to work.
Could you________ ________ ________?
10.
当我到家的时候，他们已经吃过晚饭了。
________ ________ ________I got
home, they had had dinner.
答案：
I. CBCADABC
out up married weight place
out on off me a lift the time
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1.
_
_____we got to
the shop,it had been closed.
the time
the time
the
time
the
time
2
.The dentist didn’t
______until it was nine o’clock in the
evening.
up
off
around to
3.
______students are playing on the playground now.
d d of
hundreds of
will
arrive______the airport______around 10:00 am.
;in
;at
;in
;at
ds
of