最新计算机专业英语翻译参考

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1.

(P1) Computer science deals with the theoretical foundations of information and computation, together with

practical

techniques

for

the

implementation

and

application

of

these

foundations,

such

as

programming

language theory, computational complexity theory, computer graphics and human- computer interaction.

计算机科学涉及信息和计算的理论基础 ，以及这些基础的实施和应用的实际技术，如编程语言理论，计算复杂

性理论，计算机图 形学和人机交互。

2.

(P17) The most important piece of graphics hardware is the graphics card, which is the piece of equipment

that renders out all images and sends them to a display. There are two types of graphics cards: integrated

and

dedicated.

An

integrated

graphics

card,

usually

by

Intel

for

use

in

their

computers,

is

bound

to

the

motherboard and shares RAM (Random Access Memory) with the CPU, reducing the total amount of RAM

available.

This

is

undesirable

for

running

programs

and

applications

that

use

a

large

amount

of

video

memory. A dedicated graphics card has its own RAM and Processor for generating its images, and does not

slow down the computer. Dedicated graphics cards also have higher performance than integrated graphics

cards. It is possible to have both dedicated and integrated graphics card, however once a dedicated graphics

card is installed, the integrated card will no longer function until the dedicated card is removed.

最重要的一块图形硬件是显卡，是一件呈现出所有的图像，并 将它们发送到一个显示器的设备。有两种类型的

显卡：集成和专用。集成的显卡，通常由 英特尔在他们的计算机上使用，被绑定到主板并且与中央处理器共享

内存（随机存取存储 器）

，减少了可用的内存总量。这对于使用大量视频内存的程序和应用来说是不可取的。

专用显卡有它自己的内存和处理器，用于生成它的图像，并且不会减慢计算机的速度。专 用显卡也比集成显卡

有更高的性能。有可能既有专门的也有集成的显卡，但是，一旦安装 了专用显卡，集成显卡将不再起作用，直

到专用显卡被移除。

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3.

(P18)

Channel

I/O

requires

the

use

of

instructions

that

are

specifically

designed

to

perform

（执行）

I/O

operations.

The

I/O

instructions

address

（处理）

the

channel

or

the

channel

and

device;

the

channel

asynchronously

（异步的）

accesses all other required addressing and control information. This is similar to

DMA, but more flexible.

I/O

通道需要使用专门设计来执行

I/O

操作的指令。

I/O

；

通道异步访问所有其 他所

需的寻址和控制信息。这是类似于

DMA

< br>，但更灵活。

4.

(P19)

调制解调器是在模拟和数字信号之间进行转换的设 备，它经常用于实现计算机之间通过电话线的互相通

信。如果两个调制解调器可同时互相 发送数据，那么它们采用的就是全双工工作方式；如果一次只有一个调制

解调器可以发送 数据，那么它们采用的则是半双工工作方式。

Modem is a device that converts analog

（模拟）

signals to digital signals or conversely

（相反地）

. It is often

used to communicate between computers via

（渠道）

telephone lines. If the two modems can send data to

each other, they use full-duplex mode; if only one modem can transmit data, they use half-duplex mode.

5.

6.

(P21)

We

many

have

defined

our

last

generation

of

computer

and

begun

the

era

of

generationless

computers. Even though computer manufactu

rers talk of “fifth” and “sixth” generation computers, this talk is

more a marketing play than a reflection of reality.

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我们已经定义了我们的上一 代计算机，

并且开始了计算机的无代时代。

即使计算机制造商谈 论的“第五”和“第六”

代电脑，这个说法比起现实的反映更像是一个营销游戏。

7.

(P21) Although microprocessors are still technically considered to be hardware, portions of their function are

also associated with computer software. Since microprocessors have both hardware and software aspects

they are therefore often referred to as firmware.

虽然微处理器仍然在技术上被认为是硬件，它们的部分功能也与计算机软件有联系。因为微处理器有硬件和软

件两个方面，因此，他们往往被称为固件。

8.

(P22) Electronic hardware consists of interconnected

（互联的）

electronic components

（元件